Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079373
Author: William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9, Problem 23QAP
A pure substance X has the following properties:
(a) Draw a phase diagram for X.
(b) Label solid, liquid, and vapor regions of the diagram.
(c) What changes occur if, at a constant pressure of 100 mm Hg, the temperature is raised from 100°C to 150°C?
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Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Ch. 9 - Prob. 1QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 9 - The vapor pressure of I2(s) at 30C is 0.466 mm Hg....Ch. 9 - Prob. 4QAPCh. 9 - Trichloroethane, C2H3Cl3 is used as a degreaser...Ch. 9 - p-Dichlorobenzene, C6H4Cl2, can be one of the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 7QAPCh. 9 - Dichloromethane, CH2Cl2,is widely used as a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 10QAP
Ch. 9 - At a resort in Sante Fe, New Mexico, the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 12QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 13QAPCh. 9 - Consider the following data for the vapor pressure...Ch. 9 - Referring to Figure 9.7, state what phase(s)...Ch. 9 - Referring to Figure 9.7, state what phase(s) is...Ch. 9 - Prob. 17QAPCh. 9 - Consider the phase diagram of the compound in...Ch. 9 - Prob. 19QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 20QAPCh. 9 - Given the following data about xenon,...Ch. 9 - Given the following data about CO2: • triple...Ch. 9 - A pure substance X has the following properties:...Ch. 9 - Prob. 24QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 25QAPCh. 9 - Arrange the following compounds in order of...Ch. 9 - Which of the following would you expect to show...Ch. 9 - Which of the following compounds would you expect...Ch. 9 - Prob. 29QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 30QAPCh. 9 - Explain in terms of forces between structural...Ch. 9 - Prob. 32QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 33QAPCh. 9 - In which of the following processes is it...Ch. 9 - For each of the following pairs, choose the member...Ch. 9 - Follow the directions for Question 35 for the...Ch. 9 - What are the strongest attractive forces that must...Ch. 9 - What are the strongest attractive forces that must...Ch. 9 - Prob. 39QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 40QAPCh. 9 - Of the four general types of solids, which one(s)...Ch. 9 - Of the four general types of solids, which one(s)...Ch. 9 - Prob. 43QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 44QAPCh. 9 - Give the formula of a solid containing Si that is...Ch. 9 - Prob. 46QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 47QAPCh. 9 - Describe the structural units in (a) C (graphite)...Ch. 9 - Molybdenum has an atomic radius of 0.145 nm. The...Ch. 9 - Nickel has an atomic radius of 0.162 nm. The edge...Ch. 9 - Lead (atomicradius=0.181nm) crystallizes with a...Ch. 9 - Iridium crystallizes in a face-centered unit cell....Ch. 9 - In the LiCl structure shown in Figure 9.21, the...Ch. 9 - Potassium iodide has a unit cell similar to that...Ch. 9 - Prob. 55QAPCh. 9 - Consider the CsCl cell (Figure 9.21). The ionic...Ch. 9 - Consider the sodium chloride unit cell shown in...Ch. 9 - Consider the CsCl unit shown in Figure 9.21. How...Ch. 9 - A 1.25-L clean and dry flask is sealed. The air in...Ch. 9 - Aluminum metal crystallizes with a face-centered...Ch. 9 - Consider a sealed flask with a movable piston that...Ch. 9 - Prob. 62QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 63QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 64QAPCh. 9 - Chloroform, CHCl3, has a normal boiling point of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 66QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 67QAPCh. 9 - In the blanks provided, answer the questions...Ch. 9 - Answer the questions below, by filling in the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 70QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 71QAPCh. 9 - What is the difference between (a) a covalent bond...Ch. 9 - Four shiny solids are labeled A, B, C, and D....Ch. 9 - Prob. 74QAPCh. 9 - The following data are given for CC14:...Ch. 9 - Iron crystallizes in a body-centered unit cell....Ch. 9 - Prob. 77QAPCh. 9 - Trichloroethane, C2H3Cl3, is the active ingredient...Ch. 9 - Prob. 79QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 80QAPCh. 9 - Prob. 81QAP
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- Diethyl ether (CH3CH2OCH2CH3) was one of the first chemicals used as an anesthetic. At 34.6C, diethyl ether has a vapor pressure of 760. torr, and at 17.9C, it has a vapor pressure of 400. torr. What is the H of vaporization for diethyl ether?arrow_forwardp-Dichlorobenzene, C6H4Cl2, can be one of the ingredients in mothballs. Its vapor pressure at 20C is 0.40 mm Hg. (a) How many milligrams of C6H4Cl2 will sublime into an evacuated 750-mL flask at 20C? (b) If 5.0 mg of p-dichlorobenzene were put into an evacuated 750-mL flask, how many milligrams would remain in the solid phase? (c) What is the final pressure in an evacuated 500-mL flask at 20C that contains 2.00 mg of p-dichlorobenzene? Will there be any solid in the flask?arrow_forwardDefine critical temperature and critical pressure. In terms of the kinetic molecular theory, why is it impossible for a substance to exist as a liquid above its critical temperature?arrow_forward
- 8.87 Use the vapor pressure curves illustrated here to answer the questions that follow. (a) What is the vapor pressure of ethanol (C2H5OH) at 60°C? (b) Considering only carbon disulfide (CS2) and ethanol, which has the stranger intermolecular forces in the liquid state? (c) At what temperature does heptane (C7H16) have a vapor pressure of 500 mm Hg? (d) What are the approximate normal boiling pains of each of the three substances? (e) At a pressure of 400 mm Hg and a temperature of 70°C, is each substance a liquid, a gas, or a mixture of liquid and gas?arrow_forwardDichloromethane, CH2Cl2,is widely used as a degreaser and paint stripper. Its vapor pressure is 381.0 mm Hg at 21.9C and 465.8 mm Hg at 26.90C. Estimate (a) its heat of vaporization (Hvap). (b) its normal boiling point.arrow_forward8.48 Why must the vapor pressure of a substance be measured only after dynamic equilibrium is established?arrow_forward
- The following data are the equilibrium vapor pressure of limonene, C10H16, at various temperatures. (Limonene is used as a scent in commercial products.) (a) Plot these data as ln P versus 1/T so that you have a graph resembling the one in Figure 11.13. (b) At what temperature does the liquid have an equilibrium vapor pressure of 250 mm Hg? At what temperature is it 650 mm Hg? (c) What is the normal boiling point of limonene? (d) Calculate the molar enthalpy of vaporization for limonene using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation.arrow_forwardThe heats of vaporization of liquid O2, liquid Ne, and liquid methanol, CH3OH, are 6.8 kJ/moL 1.8 kJ/mol, and 34.5 kJ/mol, respectively. Are the relative values as you would expect? Explain.arrow_forward
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