ELEM PRIN OF CHEMICAL PROC(LL)+NEXTGEN
ELEM PRIN OF CHEMICAL PROC(LL)+NEXTGEN
20th Edition
ISBN: 9781119761006
Author: FELDER
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 9, Problem 9.43P

You are checking the performance of a reactor in which acetylene is produced from methane in the reaction

   2 C H 4 ( g ) C 2 H 2 ( g ) + 3 H 2 ( g )

An undesired side reaction is the decomposition of acetylene:

   C 2 H 2 ( g ) 2 C ( s ) + H 2 ( g )

Methane is fed to the reactor at 1500°C at a rate of 10.0 mol CH4/S. Heat is transferred to the reactor at a rate of 975 kW. The product temperature is 1500°C and the fractional conversion of methane is 0.600. A flowchart of the process and an enthalpy table are shown below.

Chapter 9, Problem 9.43P, You are checking the performance of a reactor in which acetylene is produced from methane in the

References: C(s), H2(g), at 25°C, 1 atm

    Substance    n ˙ i n (mol/s)    H ^ i n (kJ/mol)    n ˙ o u t (mol/s)    H ^ o u t (kJ/mol)
       C H 4 10.0 41.65    n ˙ 1    H ^ 1
       C 2 H 2    n ˙ 2    H ^ 2
       H 2    n ˙ 3    H ^ 3
    C    n ˙ 4    H ^ 4

(a) Using the heat capacities given below for enthalpy calculations, write and solve material balances and an energy balance to determine the product component flow rates and the yield of acetylene (mol C2H2produced/mol CH4consumed).

   C H 4 ( g ) : C p 0.079 k J / ( m o l ° C ) C 2 H 2 ( g ) : C p 0.052 k J / ( m o l ° C ) H 2 ( g ) : C p 0.031 k J / ( m o l ° C ) C ( s ) : C p 0.022 k J / ( m o l ° C )

For example, the specific enthalpy of methane at 1500°C relative to methane at 25°C is [0.079 kJ/(mol·°C)](1500°C - 25°C) = 116.5 kJ/mol.

(b) The reactor efficiency may be defined as the ratio (actual acetylene yield/acetylene yield with no side reaction). What is the reactor efficiency for this process?

(c) The mean residence time in the reactor [ τ (s)] is the average time gas molecules spend in the reactor in going from inlet to outlet. The more τ increases, the greater the extent of reaction for every reaction occurring in the process. For a given feed rate, τ is proportional to the reactor volume and inversely proportional to the feed stream flow' rate.

If the mean residence time increases to infinity, what would you expect to find in the product stream? Explain.

Someone proposes running the process with a much greater feed rate than the one used in Part (a), separating the products from the unconsumed reactants, and recycling the reactants. Why would you expect that process design to increase the reactor efficiency? What else would you need to know to determine whether the new design would be cost-effective?

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Chapter 9 Solutions

ELEM PRIN OF CHEMICAL PROC(LL)+NEXTGEN

Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.11PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.12PCh. 9 - In the production of many microelectronic devices,...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.14PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.15PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.16PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.17PCh. 9 - Carbon monoxide at 25°C and steam at 150°C are fed...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.19PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.20PCh. 9 - Ethyl alcohol (ethanol) can be produced by the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.22PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.23PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.24PCh. 9 - Formaldehyde is produced commercially by the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.26PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.27PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.28PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.29PCh. 9 - A gas mixture containing 85 mole% methane and the...Ch. 9 - Ethylene oxide is produced by the catalytic...Ch. 9 - Cumene (C6H5C3H7) is produced by reacting benzene...Ch. 9 - Ethylbenzene is converted to styrene in the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.34PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.35PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.36PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.37PCh. 9 - Coke can be converted into CO—a fuel gas—in the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.39PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.40PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.41PCh. 9 - The equilibrium constant for the ethane...Ch. 9 - You are checking the performance of a reactor in...Ch. 9 - Hydrogen is produced in the steam reforming of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.45PCh. 9 - Five cubic meters of a 1.00-molar aqueous sulfuric...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.47PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.48PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.49PCh. 9 - Calcium chloride is a salt used in a number of...Ch. 9 - A dilute aqueous solution of sulfuric acid at 25°C...Ch. 9 - A 2.00 mole% sulfuric acid solution is neutralized...Ch. 9 - A 12.0-molar solution of sodium hydroxide (SG =...Ch. 9 - Citric acid (C6H8O7) is used in the preparation of...Ch. 9 - Ammonia scrubbing is one of many processes for...Ch. 9 - Various uses for nitric acid are given in Problem...Ch. 9 - A natural gas is analyzed and found to consist of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.58PCh. 9 - A fuel gas is known to contain methane, ethane,...Ch. 9 - A fuel gas containing 85.0 mole% methane and the...Ch. 9 - A mixture of air and a fine spray of gasoline at...Ch. 9 - The heating value of a fuel oil is to be measured...Ch. 9 - Methanol vapor is burned with excess air in a...Ch. 9 - Methane at 25°C is burned in a boiler furnace with...Ch. 9 - Methane is burned completely with 40% excess air....Ch. 9 - A gaseous fuel containing methane and ethane is...Ch. 9 - A coal contains 73.0 wt% C, 4.7% H (not including...Ch. 9 - A mixture of methane, ethane, and argon at 25°C is...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.69PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.70PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.71PCh. 9 - A bituminous coal is burned with air in a boiler...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.73PCh. 9 - A natural gas containing 82.0 mole% CH4and the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.75PCh. 9 - Liquid n-pentane at 25°C is burned with 30% excess...Ch. 9 - Methane is burned with 25% excess air in a...Ch. 9 - Methane and 30% excess air are to be fed to a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.79PCh. 9 - In Problem 9.79, the synthesis of methanol from...Ch. 9 - Natural gas that contains methane, ethane, and...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.82PCh. 9 - The wastewater treatment plant at the Ossabaw...

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