Functional groups

Where P is the polyol, D is the diisocyanate and C is the chain extender. Polyol, or the so-called soft segment, is an oligomeric macromonomer comprising a “soft” flexible chain terminated by hydroxyl (-OH) groups. The chain extender is usually a small molecule with either hydroxyl, or amine end groups. The diisocyanate is a low molecular weight compound that can react with either the polyol or chain extender, leading to the interesting segmented structure. In linear polyurethanes, the three components

Phlomis Younghusbandii Mukerjee is a perennial herb (family Labiatae) and grows wildly in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. It has been widely used to treat colds, coughs, sores ulceration, rheumatoid arthritis, pneumonia, bronchitis and other diseases for thousands years. In this paper, 5 iridoid glycosides (sesamoside, shanzhiside methylester, 7, 8-dehydropenstemoside, penstemoside and 8-O-acetylshanzhiside methylester) and 3 phenylethanoid glycosides (acteoside, alyssonoside, and isoacteoside) in

compounds which have keton group in its structure like aceton, compounds which have OH group like phenol or naphthalen and hetrocyclic compounds in two steps: - Step 1: Formation of diazonuim salt. - Step 2: React diazonuim salt with coupling component which may be phenol or any type of aromatic amines so, a stable azo dye will be formed. Azo dyes compounds have different structures as most of them contain only one azo group, but they may contain two or three or more azo groups. Another methods of reactions

This experiment performed the second step in a multistep synthesis. The reaction carried out was an oxidation of benzoin to benzil using a recyclable copper catalyst, cupric acetate. The cupric acetate acted as an electron acceptor in a redox type reaction. The benzoin donated an electron to cupric acetate and formed the Cu+ ion while becoming a benzoin radical cation. The benzoin radical cation lost a hydrogen to the Cu+ ion forming acetic acid. Another redox cycle between Cu2+ and the benzoin radical

Introduction Alkenes are molecules that contain a carbon-carbon double bond and they are hydrated by acid-catalyzed addition of water to that carbon-carbon double bond. This leads to the formation of an alcohol. Two competing processes, hydration and dehydration, establish an equilibrium. The position of the equilibrium is dependent on the condition of the reaction. While hydration of a double bond requires excess water to drive the reaction, dehydration of an alcohol requires the removal of water

containing cyano (─C≡N) groups, comprising carbon and nitrogen radicals, and can be found in various organic and inorganic compounds. Some inorganic cyanide compounds such as sodium cyanide (NaCN) and potassium cyanide (KCN) are groups of compounds having negatively charged polyatomic cyanide ions (CN-). This compound is a salt of a highly toxic hydrocyanic acid. Several types of organic cyanides are usually called nitriles, in which the CN group is covalently bonded to a carbon group, such as methyl (CH3)

SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF AMTPAA The amine group of 2-Aminoanthraquinone undergoes Schiff condensation with carbonyl group of 4-(N,N-Diphenylamino) benzaldehyde along with the formation of water as byproduct. AMTPAA has extended conjugation because of which it can be used as a hole transport material (HTM). 2-Aminoantharquinone (AAQ) has an absorption peak at 402 nm in UV spectroscopy which is attributed to the π-π* transition of the atomic C=C ring and n-π* transition of C=O bond. 2-Azomethine-4’-triphenyl

energy which is directly related to if PPV has electron withdrawing or donating groups. For example, BEH-PPV, which emits orange-red light, has two -OR groups (which is an electron donating group) attached to it thus creating lower energy and higher wavelength values. On the other hand, BuEH-PPV , a compound that emits a yellow-green light, has two carbon chains attached to it, which although is still an electron donating group, is much weaker than -OR so the wavelength value is less than BEH-PPV, so the

INTRODUCTION Hydrazones1-3 were reported to possess various biological activities. In the present communication we report the synthesis of new phenyl hydrazones. These hydrazones were synthesized by using different aromatic aldehydes which react with phenyl hydrazine in presence of alkali to undergo condensation by removal of one mole of water molecule. It is the simplest reaction to form reactive phenyl hydrazones. The synthesized compounds after purification were characterized by

Lewis-Acid Catalyzed electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions of thionyl chloride, and benzene. Introduction: Organic sulfoxides, especially diphenyl sulfoxide (Ph2SO), are useful synthetic reagents (Kaczorowska et al., p. 8315). Diphenyl sulfoxide has been used in catalytic oxidation of alkyl sulfides to sulfoxides (Arterburn & Nelson, p.2260). They also play an important role as therapeutic agents. Examples include anti-ulcer, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-therosclerotic, anthelmintic, antihypertensive