Humus

Slater Investigation Report on the distribution of slaters in different level of soil pH Introduction There are many different shades of grey, that slaters come in. They range from light to dark shades of grey; through when they are speckled or spotted their colours are usually green and yellow. Slaters vary in colour and pattern between individual, in the same species. Slaters in New Zealand range from 17mm in length to 2cm. Their bodies are divided into three sections: head, thorax and abdomen

The hypothesis was supported because the density of soils with the presence of earthworms had decreased and the pH of the soil changed, becoming increasingly neutral. It was hypothesized that if earthworms are placed into a container of soil, then the pH of the soil will become increasingly neutral and the density of the soil will decrease because the digestive tracts in the worm produce molecules that are natural buffers and because worms aerate the soil, leaving pockets of air in the soil, increasing

6. URANIUM IN MUDROCKS - BLACK SHALES It has been broadly recognized that black shales can be hosts of a significant amount of Uranium when compared to other sedimentary rocks (Swanson, 1961). The black shales are very attractive because these typically contain good quantities of organic matter, and therefore, are potential stratigraphic intervals for source of hydrocarbons (Peters and Cassa, 1994). The generated hydrocarbons (oil and natural gas) from these shales are derived directly from the thermal

E. fetida and A. caliginosa species are reported by numerous studies and described as species with high ability to survive in environment polluted by heavy metal in general (Hobbelen et al., 2006; Lev et al., 2010; Zigmontienė and Liberytė, 2014) and Cd in particular (Du et al., 2014). E. fetida particular can resist even at high concentrations of Cd up to 1000 mg/Kg (Aghababaei et al., 2014a; Zhou et al., 2016). Result in this study (table1) has shown that more than 93% and 86% of E. fetida and

Gravel and stone mulches can be very effective, especially in gardens where organic mulches would be too expensive or impractical. They are generally better at retaining heat in cold climates, along with keeping valuable moisture in the garden soil. The disadvantages of using stone-based mulch is that it is heavy and difficult to remove, can be quite costly, and usually requires professional assistance to install the mulch in your garden. Here are a few tips on working with gravel or stone garden

Location Epping Forest Epping Forest is between Essex and the north east of London. The name of the river in Epping forest is Debden brook.The river Debden Brook is situated in the north east of epping forest. This river is 4 km long.This means it was convenient for us as we do not need to walk a long way to get results. It is a tributary to the river Roding which is a tributary to the Thames.. The drainage basin in Epping forest has three main layers. The first layer is on the ridge of high land

Through the years, our planet has been negatively affected by anthropogenic activities. The Anthropocene has been thought of as a geological period where human activity has negatively impacted ecological systems on the planet. These harmful activities have led to, air pollution, soil degradation, and soil contamination in urban and suburban areas, by dangerous pollutants like heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Kumar & Hundal, 2016). Soil and air pollution and other environmental issues

Remarkably, earthworms have the ability to regenerate lost segments. () They play a key role in regenerating and displacing soil. Earthworm activities changes both physical and chemical characteristic of soil. They help convert organic matter to humus. Additionally, they ingest other particles (sand grains) and when it is digested and excreted, it is accessible for plants to take advantage of its minerals and nutrients. Physically, the earthworm creates tunnels for air and water to navigate the

Tundra is one of the most widespread biomes on the globe. Covering large regions at high latitudes and high altitudes, tundra accounts for five to ten percent of the world’s land surface (1). Studying the ecology of tundra ecosystems is particularly important regarding the subject of climate change. Since climate is changing fastest at high latitudes and altitudes, the tundra ecosystem is currently experiencing rapid changes in its natural environment (2). In addition, tundra acts as a carbon sink

Enzymatic and biochemical constraints on the utilization of terrestrially derived carbon The problem with using terrestrial derived carbon is not its energy content per se, but rather the accessibility of the energy contained within this material and the suitability of the biochemical composition of the resource for synthesis of new biomass in animals. Biological recalcitrance is due to kinetic, not thermodynamic, limitations. For example, a variety of terrestrial plants have average energy contents