Prostate-specific antigen

A normal prostate is composed of glandular epithelial and fibromuscular stroma section. The glandular portion is contains a large peripheral zone and small central zone, making up the majority of the gland. The rest of it is composed of the transition zone and the peri-uerthral glands, where mainly benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The cancerous forms occur most in the peripheral zone (~60-70%) and in the transition zone (10-20%), but rarely in the transition zone (5-10%).9 Prostatic intraepithelial

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the significance of Prostate cancer, anatomy and physiology systems affected by Prostate cancer, the disease pathology, and how the disease is being controlled. Within the significance of Prostate cancer there is incidence rate and prevalence of the disease, there are national trends that are by age, gender, race, and geographic region. In the anatomy and physiology systems that are affected by Prostate cancer, there is which bodily system that the disease affects

of difficulty in starting to urinate and a poor urinary stream. His GP performed a DRE, which revealed masses in both lobes of the prostate (clinical stage T2C) His GP took a serum sample for PSA and referred him to a urologist. PART A Question 1: Comment on the patient’s presenting symptoms. The patient’s symptoms indicate signs of advanced prostate cancer, “prostate cancer seldom produces signs and symptoms until it is advanced. Signs of advanced disease include a slow urinary stream…urinary hesitancy

physical examination, and laboratory test to determine the appropriate treatment. Buttaro et al. (2013) point out that urinalysis is important to rule out infection and hematuria. Creatinine level is essential to assess renal function. Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and digital rectal examination (DRE) are also done to determine hyperplasia. Lower abdominal ultrasound is obtained to

Method The method of S1 was a literature search utilizing the Pubmed database for studies that contained subheadings of diet, antioxidants, and prostatic neoplasms. The references of selected studies was reviewed to identify additional articles. Studies that only examined plasma levels were excluded. Selected were 12 intervention studies and 32 observational studies. Results S1 reported on 16 studies concerning vitamin E and vitamin E components: two case-control, six prospective and four intervention

To the best of my understanding, the review article ‘Watchful waiting for prostate cancer’ discusses early detection and treatment of prostate cancer whilst questioning the efficacy of aggressive treatment in comparison to other methods such as watchful waiting (or delayed, conservative therapy). “Watchful waiting is an approach to a medical problem in which time is allowed to pass before medical intervention or therapy is used. During this time repeated medical testing may be performed”. The rationalization

Prostate cancer is the fifth deadliest cancer around the world and the second-leading cause of cancer related death in men. The prostate is a small gland that produces the seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm. After researching prostate cancer many studies have discovered that the mitochondria ( double membrane-bound organelle) plays an important role in initiating and promoting cancer. The mitochondria provides cellular energy by creating adenosine triphosphate, which is used as energy

this and put the cell into a permanent G0 nondividing phase, or cause the cell to kill itself through the process of apoptosis. However, if cancer is not detected, it will grow uncontrollably. Common places for cancer to grow are in the lungs, the prostate in males, and the breasts in females. This can be very harmful as it can impair organ function. When cancer is localized, it is relatively easy to treat it with chemotherapy, which is chemicals that target fast-growing cells and kill them, and radiation

Direct effects of Estrogenic Chemicals on Human Prostate Stem and Progenitor Cells To directly assess the actions of estrogens on prostate stem and progenitor cells and to evaluate the relevance of these findings in the human prostate gland, we recently derived in vitro and in vivo systems utilizing primary cells cultured from prostates of young, disease-free organ donors. Adult prostate stem cells were enriched by FACS (CD49fhi, Trop2hi) or 3-D matrigel culture to form prostaspheres (PS). In the

Introduction Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in men. According to the American Cancer Society, “there are nearly 3 million prostate cancer survivors in the United States today and this number is expected to increase to almost 4.2 million by 2024. Most prostate cancers (93%) are diagnosed at the local or regional stage, before the cancer has spread to surrounding organs. Treatment at these early stages is often very successful, and the 5-year relative survival rate approaches