Signal transduction

VEGFR-2) with high affinity (K¬d ~ 1-10 pM and Kd ~ 10-100 pM, respectively) on the extracellular surface of endothelial cells.5,7 Activation of VGFR, a tyrosine kinase receptor, prompts receptor dimerization and autophosphorylation that initiates signal transduction

Dose of drug administered ABSORPTION DISTRIBUTION Drug in tissues Drug in systemic circulation Pharmacokinetics Drug metabolized or excreted ELIMINATION Drug at site of action Pharmacologic effect Pharmacodynamics Toxicity Efficacy PHARMACOLOGY Pharmacodynamics Actions of drug on the body  Specific to a drug/ class of drugs • Interaction with target sites (receptors/enzymes) • Effects at site of action • Dose-response relationship • Reduction in symptoms • Modification

implicate Dscam in self-avoidance and demonstrate this role at the level of interactions between individual branches. Mechanism: • identical Dscam ectodomains on the surfaces of isoneuronal dendrites recognize each other and induce a subsequent repulsive signal that is mediated by domains in the cytoplasmic tail. • How: o First, identical Dscam isoforms expressed in two cell populations in vitro induced their aggregation in an isoform-specific manner, showing that Dscam provides cells with the ability to

My research interests lie in cell signaling, and more broadly, in sensory processing. My interest in cell signaling has evolved from early studies I conducted on the human A1 adenosine receptor (hA1AR). In this first exposure to G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling, I aided in determining those amino acid residues within the fifth transmembrane-spanning region of the hA1AR that were accessible from the ligand-binding crevice using the substituted-cysteine accessibility method (SCAM). Utilization

Based on the supramolecular architecture of rhodopsin captured by the AFM image and available crystallographic data, in 2003 the first model of higher order organization of a GPCR in its native membrane was derived implicating involvement of transmembrane domains in contact formation between neighboring rhodopsin molecules within the dimer as well as between distinct rows of dimers (Liang et al., 2003). This model suggested that the intradimeric contacts defining primary dimer interface involve transmembrane

Table 1: Transgenic mice models involved in biological processes influenced by cholesterol and their associated effects on male fertility. Process influenced by cholesterol Gene product and gene Phenotype Reference Cholesterol efflux and RCT ATP binding cassette Abca1 Lipid accumulation in Sertoli cells Fertility reduced 21% (Selva et al., 2004) Cholesterol efflux Niemann-Pick C1 Npc1 Abnormal sperm morphology Failed zona pellucida penetration Decreased sperm count Defects in epididymal maturation

Hepatitis B virus x protein (HBx) is one of four encoded proteins in the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome. HBx is encoded by the smallest open reading frame of mammalian hepadnaviruses which produces a 154-amino acid protein with a molecular mass of 17.5 kDa. HBx has defied high-resolution crystallization and nuclear magnetic resonance so little is known of HBx three-dimensional structure (an implication that HBx is unstructured). HBx also lacks homology with any other known protein so there is poor

DJ-1 protects against mtDNA damage, mitophagy and cell death. DJ-1 is a multifunctional protein that protects cells from oxidative stress via several molecular processes including regulating gene transcription, mediating cell signal transduction pathways, stabilizing cytoprotective proteins and scavenging ROS (3). DJ-1 is expressed in human primary alveolar type II cells (preliminary data) and we have recently postulated that plays a role in the antioxidant defense system in the lung (REF). The importance

ABSTRACT: The disclosure of the vascular endothelial development component (VEGF) relatives VEGF, VEGF-B, placental development variable (PlGF),VEGF-C and VEGF-D and their receptors VEGFR-1, - 2 and - 3 has given devices to contemplating the vascular framework being developed and additionally in illnesses going from ischemic coronary illness to malignancy. VEGF has been built up as the prime angiogenic particle amid advancement, grown-up physiology and pathology. VEGF-C and VEGF-D are basically lymphangiogenic

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Diabetes is one the most critical medical issues of our time. According to the Center of Disease Control and Prevention nearly 26 million Americans (approximately 8% of all Americans) have diabetes and an estimated of 79 million adults are pre-diabetes. Approximately $200 billion per year is lost due to diabetes because of medical treatments and lost wages. Insulin resistance and the dysfunction of beta cells are the two pathogenic hallmarks of the development and