Chapter 9

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Jan 9, 2024

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CHAPTER 9 PLANT ASSETS, NATURAL RESOURCES, AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS Cost of Plant Assets Example 1: On March 1, 2021, Westmorlan Company acquired real estate on which it planned to construct a small office building. The company paid $75,000 in cash. An old warehouse on the property was razed at a cost of $8,600; the salvaged materials were sold for $1,700. Additional expenditures before construction began included $1,100 attorney's fee for work concerning the land purchase, $5,000 real estate broker's fee, $7,800 architect's fee, and $14,000 to put in driveways and a parking lot. What is the cost of the land? Example 2: Lofton Company purchased a delivery truck. The total cash payment was $27,900, including the following items. Negotiated purchase price $24,000 Installation of special shelving 1,100 Painting and lettering 900 Motor vehicle license 100 Annual insurance policy 500 Sales tax 1,300 Total paid $27,900 What is the cost of truck? Prepare the journal entry to record the purchase. 1
Depreciation Three methods of recognizing depreciation are (a) straight-line, (b) units-of-activity, and (c) declining-balance. Straight-Line Method The formula for computing annual depreciation expense is: (Cost-Salvage Value) ÷ Useful Life (in years) = Depreciation Expense Example 3: Benson Company purchased a delivery truck for $11,000 on January 1 with an estimated salvage value of $1,000 at the end of its four-year service life. Calculate the annual depreciation. Annual depreciation is $2,500 [($11,000 – $1,000 ÷ 4)]. Units-of-Activity Method The formulas for computing depreciation expense are: Depreciable Cost ÷ Total Units of Activity = Depreciable Cost per Unit Depreciable Cost per Unit X Units of Activity during the Year = Depreciation Expense Example 4: Yello Bus Lines uses the units-of-activity method in depreciating its buses. One bus was purchased on January 1, 2022, at a cost of $148,000. Over its 4-year useful life, the bus is expected to be driven 100,000 miles. Salvage value is expected to be $8,000. Prepare a depreciation schedule assuming actual mileage was: 2022, 26,000; 2023, 32,000; 2024, 25,000; and 2025, 17,000. Declining-Balance Method The formula for computing depreciation expense is: Book Value at Beginning of Year X Declining-Balance Rate = Depreciation Expense Book Value at Beginning of Year × ( 2/useful life in years) = Depreciation Expense Book Value at Beginning of Year – Salvage Value =Last Year Depreciation Expense Example 5: Corales Company acquires a delivery truck at a cost of $38,000. The truck is expected to have a salvage value of $2,000 at the end of its 4-year useful life. Assuming the declining-balance depreciation rate is double the straight-line rate, compute annual depreciation for the first and second years under the declining- balance method. 2
Example 6: Rottino Company purchased a new machine on October 1, 2021, at a cost of $150,000. The company estimated that the machine will have a salvage value of $12,000. The machine is expected to be used for 10,000 working hours during its 5-year life. Compute the depreciation expense under the following methods for the year indicated. (a)  Straight-line for 2021. (b)  Units-of-activity for 2021, assuming machine usage was 1,700 hours. (c)  Declining-balance using double the straight-line rate for 2021 and 2022. Example 7: Linton Company purchased a delivery truck for $34,000 on January 1, 2021. The truck has an expected salvage value of $2,000, and is expected to be driven 100,000 miles over its estimated useful life of 8 years. Actual miles driven were 15,000 in 2021 and 12,000 in 2022. Instructions: (a)  Compute depreciation expense for 2021 and 2022 using (1) the straight-line method, (2) the units-of- activity method, and (3) the double-declining-balance method. (b)  Assume that Linton uses the straight-line method. 1. Prepare the journal entry to record 2021 depreciation. 2. Show how the truck would be reported in the December 31, 2021, balance sheet. A) 2021 2022 Stream line 34k-2k/8=4k 4k UOA Depreciable cost per unit: 34k-2k/100k=.32 .32*15k=4800 .32*12k=3840 Double Declining B 2/8x(34k-0)=8500 2/8x(34k-8500)=6375 B) 12/31/2021 Depreciation Exp 4k Accumulated Dep 4k Equipment 34k Less accumulated Dep 4k Book value 30k 3
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