Anatomy Review Lab report - Juliana Janis

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Florida Institute of Technology *

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471

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Anatomy

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Dec 6, 2023

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7

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ANATOMY REVIEW Knowing the body region where a structure or organ is located can be helpful in assisting you with identifying the structure or organ at test time. Sort the following bones into body region chart on the next page: Acetabulum Carpal bones Cervical vertebra Clavicle Coccygeal vertebra Costal cartilage Ethmoid bone Femur Fibula Frontal bone Humerus Ilium Ischium Lacrimal bone Lumbar vertebra Mandible Maxilla Metacarpals Metatarsals Nasal bone Occipital bone Parietal bone Patella Phalanges (2) Pubis Radius Ribs Sacrum Scapula Sinuses Sphenoid bone Sternum Tarsal bones Temporal bone Thoracic vertebra Tibia Ulna Zygomatic bone Sort the following muscles into body region chart on the next page: Abdominal obliques Achilles tendon Adductor group Biceps brachii Deltoid Frontalis Gastrocnemius Gluteus maximus Hamstring group Intercostal muscles Latissimus dorsi Masseter Orbicularis oculi Orbicularis oris Pectoralis major Quadriceps group Rectus abdominus Risorius Serratus anterior Sternocleidomastoi d Temporalis Tibialis anterior Trapezius Triceps brachii Zygomaticus major Sort the following nervous tissue into body region chart on the next page: Brachial plexus Cervical plexus Femoral nerve Intercostal nerves Lumbar plexus Median nerve Olfactory nerve Optic nerve Radial nerve Sacral plexus Sciatic nerve Ulnar nerve
Head/neck Torso Arms Legs BONES Frontal bone Parietal bone Sphenoid bone Temporal bone Occipital bone Mandible Maxilla Zygomatic bone Nasal bone Ethmoid bone Lacrimal bone Sinuses MUSCLES Frontalis Temporalis Masseter Orbicularis oculi Orbicularis oris Zygomaticus major Risorius Sternocleidomastoid TISSUES Cervical plexus Brachial plexus Olfactory nerve Optic nerve BONES Sternum Ribs Cervical vertebra Thoracic vertebra Lumbar vertebra Coccygeal vertebrae Costal cartilage MUSCLES Trapezius (neck+torso) Latissimus dorsi Pectoralis major Rectus Abdominis Abdominal Obliques Serratus anterior Intercostal Muscles TISSUES Intercostal nerves Lumbar plexus Sacral plexus BONES Clavicle Scapula Humerus Radius Ulna Carpal bones Metacarpals Phalanges MUSCLES Deltoid Biceps brachii Triceps brachii TISSUES Median nerve Ulnar nerve Radial nerve BONES Sacrum Ilium Pubis Ischium Femur Fibula Patella Tibia Tarsal bones Metatarsals Phalanges Acetabulum MUSCLES Gluteus maximus Adductor group Hamstring group Gastrocnemius Achilles tendon Quadriceps group Tibialis anterior TISSUES Sciatic nerve Femoral nerve
Sort the following digestive organs into body region chart on the next page: Anus Appendix Ascending colon Cardiac sphincter Cecum Descending colon Duodenum Esophagus Gallbladder Hard palate Ileocecal valve Ileum Jejunum Liver Pancreas Pharynx Pyloric sphincter Rectum Salivary glands Sigmoid colon Soft palate Stomach Teeth Tongue Transverse colon Sort the following lymphatic organs into body region chart on the next page: Spleen Thymus Tonsils Sort the following respiratory organs into body region chart on the next page: Bronchus Diaphragm Epiglottis Larynx Lung Nasal cavity Nasal septum Nostril Paranasal sinuses Pharynx Trachea Sort the following urinary organs into body region chart on the next page: Kidney Ureter Urethra Urinary bladder Sort the following endocrine organs into body region chart on the next page: Adrenal gland Hypothalamus Pancreas Pituitary gland Thymus Thyroid Sort the following reproductive organs into body region chart on the next page: Female Cervix Fallopian tube/oviduct Ovary Uterus Vagina Male Bulbourethral gland Epididymis
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Prostate Seminal vesicle Testis/testicle
Head/neck Thoracic Cavity Abdominal Cavity Pelvic Cavity/Region DIGESTIVE Teeth Tongue Soft palate Hard palate Esophagus Pharynx Salivary glands LYMPHATIC Tonsils RESPIRATORY Paranasal sinuses Nostril Nasal cavity Nasal septum Pharynx Larynx Epiglottis ENDOCRINE Hypothalamus Pituitary gland Thyroid DIGESTIVE Cardiac sphincter LYMPHATIC Thymus RESPIRATORY Trachea Lung Bronchus Diaphragm ENDOCRINE Thymus DIGESTIVE Stomach Liver Gallbladder Appendix Ascending colon Cecum Descending colon Duodenum Ileum Jejunum Pancreas Pyloric sphincter Sigmoid colon Transverse colon Ileocecal valve LYMPHATIC Spleen URINARY Kidney Ureter ENDOCRINE Adrenal gland Pancreas REPRODUCTIVE Fallopian tube/oviduct DIGESTIVE Anus Rectum URINARY Urethra Urinary bladder REPRODUCTIVE Testis/testicle (outside of abdominal cavity) Epididymis Prostate Bulbourethral gland Seminal vesicle Cervix Ovary Uterus Vagina
Applying What You Have Learned Organ dysfunction most often occurs when an organ is injured or fails, but sometimes organs can have function issues due to problems associated with another organ or structure in the same body region. For each of the following, EXPLAIN WHY the disruption has occurred. 1. Older males often develop prostatic hyperplasia – a disease condition in which the prostate enlarges, sometimes to twice the normal size. Explain why this might cause the following: a. For most males, this will cause problems with urination. When the prostate becomes enlarged, it can put pressure on the bladder and pinches the urethra. This makes the bladder wall thicker, making it difficult to empty the bladder completely. b. Some males experience difficulty passing feces. When the bladder has too much pressure on it, it can be pushed to the colon. This leads to difficulty passing a bowel movement. 2. During pregnancy, the uterus grows up to 10 times its normal size as the baby develops. Explain why this might cause the following: a. Most women find that they must urinate much more often than normal, especially during the first trimester. When pregnant, you begin to produce more fluids than you would regularly produce. The swelling of the uterus also puts more pressure on the bladder, also causing frequent urination. b. Many women during the last trimester find eating large meals to be a challenge and often will be eating many small meals (snacking) throughout the day instead. During the last trimester women will be hungrier than ever before. These are the moments you need the most nutrients and energy. Pregnant
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women will feel full more quickly though, so eating small meals frequently is the best way to feed themselves and the growing baby. c. Towards the end of pregnancy, women often experience difficulty breathing – unable to take deep breaths. The size of the baby and or the position it is in the woman’s stomach can make it very difficult to breathe.