Artists of Change Final Project Script-Final - Redone (1)

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Artists of Change Final Project Script Ohio University Fall 2023 MUS 1210-1002 Introduction to World Music Dr. Hannah Geerlings 12-4-2023

The artist I have chosen is Bob Marley (Robert Nesta Marley). He was born February 6, 1945, at Nine Miles, St. Ann, Jamaica (White, 2023). He died May 11, 1981, in Miami, Florida of cancer. Bob Marley was a Jamaican singer-songwriter known as one of the pioneers of reggae. He is celebrated for his empowering social and political lyrics that encouraged social change (Manuel et al., 2016). Bob Marley’s parents were a biracial couple. He was the son of a white mostly absent father and teenage black mother. Being the child of an interracial couple, it gave him a unique perspective of both worlds. Marley moved from the country to the slums of Trench Town, Kingston in his teens. In the early 1960’s, Marley started writing music that was influenced by the beautiful countryside of Jamicia and the Kingston slums after being inspired by a friend (Gilmore, 2005). Bob Marley vocally and lyrically criticized the Jamaican government for its unjust treatment of the poor. Marley wanted his music to reflect the challenges and violence that confronted the Jamaican poor and inner-city youths because he had lived that reality. The purpose of his songs was to initiate social changes that would transform the Jamaican justice system. He wanted the killings to end and government corruption to be addressed, ensuring peace and prosperity for the island people (Meeks, 2021). Marley formed a vocal group in Trench Town with his two friends in 1963. Peter Tosh (Winston Hubert MacIntosh) who played keyboard, percussion drums (membranophone), violin (chordophone) and guitar (chordophone). Bunny Wailer (Neville O’Reilly Livingstone) who played bongos (membranophone), drums (membranophone), congas (membranophone) and tambourine (membranophone). The trio named itself the Wailers (Bio Editors, 2022). Bob Marley’s band was known for its improvised Reggae style in combination with his electric guitar

(chordophone). Marley’s one of a kind vocal style and his narratives about oppression, poverty and violence addressed the issues that plagued the island people. Marley’s vocal messages succeeded in bringing the island nation together and giving them a new sense of identity (White, 2020). “Get Up, Stand Up” is the title of the song written by Bob Marley and Peter Tosh that I will be analyzing. It was first released by The Wailers in 1973. Marley sang this song in his reedy tenor, his songs were an outward expression of his personal truths (White, 2020). “Get Up, Stand Up” was thought to be written in response to a visit to Haiti, when Bob saw the poverty of the island’s people. In the song “Get Up, Stand Up” he tells people to get up and fight for their rights (Eesuola, 1970). I will be exploring the three musical elements rhythm, timbre and tempo of this iconic song. The rhythm has to do with timing. The rhythm or timing of Reggae, has its roots in ska, is known for its offbeat rhythmic patterns. "Get Up, Stand Up" features the classic reggae rhythm, commonly known as the "skank," which emphasizes the second and fourth beats of each measure ( Barnard, S. (2022). This Reggae rhythm contributes to its danceable quality (Bakan, 2019). The timbre is the quality sound. Timbre is sometimes referred to as the color of sound (Bakan, 2019). It is a crucial element in "Get Up, Stand Up." Marley's passionate vocal timbre is sincere and evokes an emotional response to this protest song. Bob Marley's vocal style is iconic and carries a unique timbral style. His timbre is soulful and expressive characterized by a raspy but smooth sounding voice. Marley’s key instrument, his electric guitar, majorly contributes to his distinctive timbral reggae sound (Manuel, 2016).

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