2PHGY216_AppliedPhysiology

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Queens University *

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216

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Biology

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Apr 3, 2024

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pdf

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2

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2 490 7 493 12 483 17 276 22 468 27 500 3 500 8 510 13 479 18 255 23 492 28 496 4 478 9 483 14 488 19 277 24 493 29 488 5 486 10 492 15 491 20 379 25 487 30 489 Questions 1. Exploring LF’s lung function: a. Use the provided spirometry test results in Table 1 to calculate the change in pre- vs postbronchodilator function for FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC ratio. Present your results both as values in litres and as percent-change. (These values are to be presented in a Table that does not count towards the word count of this question.) b. What do the above values tell you about LF’s condition? c. Using your knowledge of respiratory physiology, describe how use of a bronchodilator explains the test results observed. 2. Once LF is stable, you find out he was born prematurely. Prematurity is often associated with surfactant deficiency. How might a lack of surfactant impact on pulmonary function? 3. Use the values in Table 3 to graph the following two graphs: a. LF’s lung function trajectory over 30 days. Use the figure caption to briefly describe any trends you observe. b. Calculate and graph LF’s ‘weekly average’ PEFR values ( where ‘week’ in this context means 5 days ). Use the figure caption to briefly describe any trends you observe. c. then briefly speculate on one plausible explanation for the trends you are observing (i.e., what is something that might have caused what you are seeing?) 4. Based on the case values provided, describe the acid-base milieu that LF is experiencing (a) at the start of his hospital admission and (b) at the end of the 12-h period provided, if different from the milieu at the start. What methods of compensation would be possible for this milieu and how would these happen? Justify and describe your reasoning by applying your knowledge. 5. Using the “MDRD” ( Modification of Diet in Renal Disease ) equation for estimating glomerular filtration, provided below, and the data available in Table 3, calculate LF’s estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at admission and 12h after admission. MDRD GFR Equation (mL/min/1.73 m 2 ) = 175 × (S cr ) -1.154 × (Age) -0.203 × (0.742 if female) × (1.212 if African American) Based on your calculated values, state whether LF’s function is normal or abnormal?
Previous research suggests that patients with asthma have an increased risk for chronic kidney disease, but the mechanisms underlying this increased risk are poorly understood. Integrate your knowledge of renal function as gleaned from your module to propose one potential mechanism by which asthma might impair kidney function, and discuss how this dysfunction may impair the body’s ability to respond to the acid-base disturbance you have identified in Question 4. Points Allocation: Question 1 (15 pts) a) b) 2 pts/calculated answer = 6 pts 9 points written response Question 2 (15 pts) 15 pts Question 3 (20 pts) a) b) Graph 1: 6 pts Graph 2: 9 pts c) Written response: 5 pts Question 4 (15 pts) 10 pts to describe/justify milieu 5 pts to justify type of compensation available Question 5 (15 pts) a) 3 pts/calculated answer = 6 pts b) 9 pts for proposal Formatting, writing, referencing (20 pts) 20 pts
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