Lab Report C

Topic: Role of Molecular Biology in Evolutionary Classification How does the recently developed DNA technology help scientists establish a more accurate classification scheme?

Topic: Role of Molecular Biology in Evolutionary Classification How does the recently developed DNA technology help scientists establish a more accurate classification scheme? Information on DNA can often indicate relatedness between organisms and even provide data on how long they have been evolving separately. Discuss the influence of DNA and molecular biology on the future of evolutionary classification.

I need the answer as soon as possible

Given the tree able as well as the phylogenetic tree, which organisms are more closely related? Use the data given below to support your answer.

Sequence data from OTUs are provided in the table below with values provided as (percentage distance x 1000) measurements. Determine the phylogenetic tree from the data in the table below using the UPGMA procedure mentioned in class. Berenstain Bear Berentstain Bear Care Bear Gummi Bear Paddington Bear Care Bear 160 Gummi Bear 150 40 Paddington Bear 80 130 120 Place each OTU in the correct box on the appropriate tree below. Do not label the incorrect tree. Care Bear Gummi Bear Berenstain Bear Paddington Bear

Please create a phylogenetic (evolutionary) tree given this criteria and follow all points! There are three domains of life - Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Start by drawing these three main branches. Then add branches for plants, animals, fungi, and protists. When adding all these branches, don't just add them randomly. The branching pattern reflects evolutionary relationships. You should use the relationships/branching patterns. Then add additional branches for • three species of bacteria • three species of archaea three species of plants three species of animals • three species of fungi • three species of protists (single-celled eukaryotes) You can pick any species you want. For each species, be sure to add 1 synapomorphy (shared derived character) that defines the species or group. • Finally, label the tree with all the terms (parts of a tree, not phylogenetic groups) when describing a phylogenetic tree.

Would a protein encoded on the core genome or one encoded only on the pan-genome be best to use in constructing a phylogenetic tree? Explain your answer

Worksheet Check the box next to the tree that is that is most parsimonious Instructions: Consider the following information and complete the three possible phylogenetic trees. Then decide which of the trees is the most likely based on parsimony. A Tree #1 Tree #2 Tree #3 Spots Jaw visible Body color B Head color Ancestor Tree #1 C Phylogenetic Trees Jaw visible Antenna Body color Body shape Body shape Body color Head color Antenna Jaw visible Spots B C ancestor round orange white yes no yes Ancestor Tree #2 A species A round yellow black yes yes no A BIOL R122 species B species C round oval yellow white no yes yes orange black yes no yes C Ancestor Tree #3 B

Study the sequences below. Construct a molecular cladogram from the different amino acid sequences given. Assume that the sequences are already compared between species and have been aligned as shown. Species 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ACT G G C G AT C G 1 2 3 4 5 A C A G ACT G C G C G C T T C G T T C G T C G C A T C G T A C G A C G A C T G C C G T T C G C A T C G T A C G A C T G GAA C G GATC GA C G A T C G C A T C G т A C G

a- What is Phylogenetics? b- What are the types of Phylogenetics trees? c- What ere the differences between Rooted and Unrooted Phylogenetics trees? d- Using Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (LPGMA) construct the phylogenetic tree for the given data G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G10 10 12 8 7 0 4 4 14 0 6 16 G2 G3 G4 G5 0 12 TOP

Generate a present (1) or absent (0) code of each character. Afterward, draw the overall phylogenetic tree with the corresponding characters splitting the tree.

All the information you need is provided.

Discuss the problems in developing an accurate phylogenetic tree. Do you think it is possible to create a completely accurate universal phylogenetic tree? Explain your answer.

This is a review question please help me understand by explaining.

Discuss how the principle of parsimony can be used in a cladistics approach to constructing a phylogenetic tree.

The universal phylogenetic tree of life shows the divergence of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Studies of Lokiarchaeota help to elucidate these relationships, but the first universal tree of life was constructed by Carl Woese using ribosomal RNA sequences. There are advantages to using different types of nucleic acid for different types of analyses. What is a specific advantage of using small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequences for phylogenetic analysis compared with DNA sequences? ▸ View Available Hint(s) SSU rRNA sequences accumulate mutations more rapidly than protein-encoding DNA. SSU rRNA is frequently transferred through horizontal gene transfer, whereas DNA sequences are not. Primers are required in DNA sequence analysis, but not for SSU rRNA sequence analysis. Although PCR products can be visualized with SSU rRNA, this is not the case with other forms of nucleic acids. DNA sequences are too highly conserved to work well for sequence analysis; individual species are…

Which specific type of character state is most useful in constructing a phylogenetic tree?   options:   shared derived state   ancestral state   uniquely derived state   derived state

I was given this and made a character matrix from it but I need help creating the most parsimonious phylogenetic tree for it.

Answer all this questions very CAREFULLY and CORRECTLY.

With two specific examples, explain why phylogenetics is a useful scientific tool for studying Organismal biology?

In the table below is a short gene sequence in 4 closely related taxa and an outgroup. Based on comparisons of this DNA sequence, determine the placement of these four taxa in the phylogenetic tree below. Clearly identify the taxon (P, Q, R, or S) that corresponds to each branch tip (1, 2, 3, or 4). Based on your constructed tree, is Species P more closely related to Species Q or Species S? Justify your answer.

c- What are the differences between Rooted and Unrooted Phylogenetics trees? d- Using Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) construct the phylogenetic tree for the given data G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G10 |10 0 4 4 14 G3 12 8 7 G2 06 16 G4 ㅇ 0 12 G5

Which of the following best explains why coalescent-based phylogenetic inference is important in the age of phylogenomics?     A) Coalescent-based methods directly model gene tree histories independently to infer the species tree in a summary-based manner, which is important for phylogenomic analysis were hundreds to thousands of gene histories are analyzed.     B) Coalescent-based methods have the most advanced evolutionary models of molecular evolution, which is important for phylogenomic analysis were hundreds to thousands of gene histories are analyzed.     C) Coalescent-based methods are no more important than other types of phylogenetic inference, even for phylogenomic analyses.     D) None of the above.

for the cactus (eukarotic) and the e coli bacteria (prokarotic) i want you to: Classify them based on modern taxonomy, and write their scientific name in three different ways based on Linnaeus. Describe their dichotomous key and show how far they are in their taxonomyfrom each other and describe how they interact together in the ecosystem basedon what you studied. what is thier location on the phylogenetic tree as well as the clade for both

Geneticists have determined the amount of DNA, the number of different genes, and the size of the cell/nucleus in a wide variety of model organisms. as we move up the phylogenetic scale, the amount of DNA/cell increases much more rapidly than does the volume in which that DNA must be packaged. How do higher organisms package their DNA in the interphase cell?

Practice bio question: Define the term unikont and explain the current taxonomic interpretation of where unikonts arose on the phylogenetic tree of life.