lab manual_reproductive female_a+p
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Med Academy *
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201-1
Subject
Biology
Date
Jan 9, 2024
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28
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PRE-LAB EXERCISES
A. Go to Module 47.3 Female Reproductive Anatomy.
External genitalia
Uterus
Right ovary
Cervix
Vagina
Left Fallopian tube
Internal female reproductive anatomy consists of glands that produce ova (unfertilized eggs) and hormones, and structures that support the developing embryo. Using the list in Module 47.3, find the internal female reproductive structures by selecting the following terms. Read the definitions for each structure by choosing the book icon at the top, and answer the following questions:
1. Ovaries
. a. What kind of gametes are produced by ovaries? b. Female gametes contribute ______________________________ the genetic instructions necessary for the development of an embryo after fertilization.
c. Ovaries produce the endocrine hormones ____________________ and ____________________. d. Ovum is a term for an unfertilized egg. The plural of ovum is ____________________.
3
e. An unfertilized egg is released from an ovary by a process called ______________________________. f. After leaving the ovary, the egg enters the ______________________________ tube.
2. Uterine tubes
.
a. Each uterine tube consists of three coats: an external ______________________________ coat, a middle ______________________________ coat, and an internal ______________________________ coat.
b. The uterine tubes are divided into three sections: the ______________________________, which connects to, and is continuous with, the uterus; the ______________________________, which curves over the ovary; and the ______________________________, which is open to the abdomen and surrounds the ovary.
c. The finger-like projections of the uterine tube that extend over the ovary are called ______________________________. d. Fertilization (the fusion of egg and sperm) usually occurs in the ______________________________ of the uterine tube.
3. Uterus
.
a. Fertilized eggs that reach the uterus embed (implant) in the uterine ______________________________ and remain there, throughout development, as an embryo and then a fetus, until birth.
4. Cervix
.
a. The cervix connects the uterus to the vagina and serves as a passageway for ______________________________, ______________________________, and ______________________________.
5. Vagina
.
a. The vagina extends from the cervix to the vestibule (the external opening of the female reproductive tract). The vaginal wall consists of layers of muscle and is lined with a ______________________________ membrane.
4
b. The vagina carries menstrual flow outside the body, receives the male penis during intercourse, and serves as the ______________________________ during labor.
6. Select External genitalia
and note where the vagina opens to the outside.
5
IN-LAB EXERCISES
Use the following modules in Visible Body’s Anatomy & Physiology app to guide your exploration of the reproductive system. You can manipulate the images to see different views and isolate each structure. Be sure to select the book icon under the structure name to read information specific to that structure. You are responsible for the identification of all bolded terms
.
A. Go to Module 49.2 Pelvic Ligaments.
Right posterior sacroiliac ligament
Left cardinal ligament
Right sacrospinous ligament
Right endopelvic fascia
Left uterosacral ligament
Left iliolumbar ligament
Perineal membrane
Left obturator membrane
Left inguinal ligament
Left pubocervical fascia
Anterior sacroiliac ligament
1. Select the term Pelvic ligaments at the top of the left-side menu. The reproductive organs
and the developing fetus are supported by ligaments in the pelvis. Locate the following ligaments:
• Anterior sacroiliac ligaments
• Posterior sacroiliac ligaments
• Sacrotuberous ligaments
• Sacrospinous ligaments
• Iliolumbar ligaments
• Endopelvic fascia
Which of these is the only one that is not paired?
• Cardinal ligaments
• Pubocervical fascia
• Uterosacral ligaments
• Obturator membranes
• Inguinal ligaments
• Perineal membrane
6
B. Go to Module 49.3 Ovaries. Explore the model and read the definitions.
Uterus
Right ovary
Vagina
Left ovary
1. Review the term for ovaries
. The ovaries are the female primary sex organs
or ______________________________.
2. Look at the way the ovaries are connected to the uterus
. The ovaries are connected to the uterus by the ______________________________ ligament.
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Related Questions
What's More
BC
Activity 1
Directions: Match the concepts about menstruation in Column A with the terms in
Column B. Write the letter of your answer.
a. endometrium
b. ovulation
c. menstruation
1. This hormone stimulates your ovaries
to produce around 5 to 20 small
sacs called follicles.
2. The first occurrence of menstruation.
3. This occurs when fertilization
does not take place.
d. menarche
e. Follicle - Stimulating Hormone
is the lining of the uterus that
becomes thicker in preparation
for implantation of the fertilized egg.
S. At this stage, the process of fertilization
may take place.
4. This
Activity 2
Directions: Identify what phase of menstrual cycle is described in each number,
The lining of the uterus becomes thin after menstruation. An egg in the ovary
continues to mature. Just before the mid-cycle, the mature egg moves to the
surface of the ovary.
The lining of the uterus called endometrium becomes thicker in preparation for
implantation of the fertilized egg. If…
arrow_forward
explain all point with step by step and type the answer.
arrow_forward
II. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH. Make sure to provide your references. Use CBE or APA format.
A. Make a table showing the differences of amphibian and mammalian ovaries and oogenesis.
Ovary
Structure
● Function
Oogenesis
Oogonia
● Ooocyte
●
● Zona pellucida
Antrum
● Menstrual Cycle
Amphibia
Mammalia
B. How do the eggs ovulated into the abdominal cavity find their way out of the frog body?
C. What are the exact roles of the theca interna and the follicle cells in the estrogen production?
D. The corpus luteum regresses in about 9 days. Why does it regress? Briefly discuss the process of
regression.
E. Provide the roles of two sex hormones produced by the female vertebrate body.
F. Briefly discuss the events that lead to only one or few oocytes being ovulated despite the many
oogenic cells that attempt to mature.
arrow_forward
Learning Task 6: Essay .Explain why there is a high level of estrogen and progesterone once in every 28-day
uterine cycle of a female, Refer your answer on Fig.2 Negative Feedback Mechanisms in Menstrual cycię,
Day 4: Nervous System Working Together with Endocrine System to Maintain Homeostasis
Learning Task 7: Read and answer the given questions after the lesson.
Homeostasis is the state reached when each part of the body functions in equilibrium with other parts.
This is attained through the regulation of the bodily functions by the endocrine and nervous systems.
Most body system maintain homeostasis by using feedback mechanisms. When the brain reçeives
messages from the body about an internal change in one of its systems, it works to restore the system to its
normal state. The levels of hormones in the body are controlled by feedback. It is important that the amount of
homeostasis in our body is kept at the right level. To achieve homeostasis, the nervous and endocrine systems…
arrow_forward
please help draw and color and label it correctly
arrow_forward
Directions: Rearrange the statements based on how a menstrual cycle occurs by writing numbers
1-40 before the item.
The process of fertilization may take place.
A new egg cell starts to mature within the ovary
The living of the uterus becomes thin after bieeding.
The mature egA
Uterine lining begin to break down and bleeding results
An egg in the ovary continues to mature
The endometrium or lining of the uterus become thicker in preparation for the
Implantation of the fertilized egg.
The mature egg is released.
The mature egg moves to the surface of the aivary just before the mid-cycle.
The next menstrual cycle is about to begin
Directions Match the concepts about menstruation in column A. with the terms in column 8.
write the letter of your answer.
Column- A
travels from the ovary to the uterus.
1. The hormone stimulates your ovarles to produce a round
5 to 20 smale sacs called follicies.
2. The first accurrence of menstruation
3. This occurs when fertilization does not take place.
4.…
arrow_forward
Post Assessment
Easily sign with your fingers in PDF
Sign
Activity 3
Multiple Choice: Identify what is asked in the given question. Circle the letter
of your answer.
1. The
system of an organism is also known as the genital
system.
a) reproductive
b) respiratory
c) muscular
d) skeletal
2. The
specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants.
system is a biological system consisting
a) respiratory
b) reproductive
c) muscular
d) skeletal
3. The
coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and
from different parts of its body.
system is a highly complex part of an animal that
a) skeletal
b) nervous
c) muscular
d) endocrine
4. This involves the breakdown of food into smaller and smaller components,
until they can be absorbed and assimilated into the body.
a) reproductive
b) lymphatic
c) endocrine
d) digestive
system, or lymphoid system is an organ system in
5. The
vertebrates that is part of the circulatory system and the immune…
arrow_forward
asap please
arrow_forward
Marielle, 18 year old, Gravida 1 Para 0, 40 weeks AOG is in the labor and delivery unit. Eight minutes after a normal delivery under pudendal anesthesiaMarielle has not completed the third stage of labor. The uterus is discoid and firm; no bleeding is evident. What should the nurse do?a. Gently massage the uterus and waitb. Pull steadily but with greater traction on the cordc. Perform Crede's maneuver the contractions with intramuscular (IM) methergined. Manually remove the placenta
arrow_forward
TOPIC: "Human Reproductive System"
PLEASE ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS 1 AND 2. THANK YOU!
1. Identify, in order, the structures a sperm cell must pass through as it leaves the testis. Describe each structure briefly.
2. Explain how the female hormones GnRH, FSH, LH, and estrogen interact during the menstrual cycle to induce ovulation and, subsequently, the formation of the corpus luteum.
arrow_forward
Ultrasound Case Studies: Review the 4 case studies and determine the approximate gestational age of each fetus.
Exam: OB UltrasoundHistory: A 29 year old femalerequests for size and date ofpregnancyFindings:Crown- to-RumpMeasurement: 20 mm to 30mmLength 0.9 to 1.2 inchWeight 2 g(0.070z)Webbed bands and feetCartilage and bones begin toform.Upper lip and nose tip is beingformed.Tongue begins to develop andthe larynx is developingOptic vessels visible butremain closed for severalmonths.Heartbeat detected
Case #1: what is the approximate gestational age of this fetus?
#2
Exam: OB UltrasoundHistory: A 28 year old femalerequests for size and date of pregancy. Findings:Crown to-heel measurement: 46CmWeight: 2400 gramsLength: 18 inchesSkull bones are pretty flexible andnot completely joinedFat accuumulations plumps up thearms and legs.Eyes open when awake and closewhen sleeping.Fingernails are completely formedImmune System is strengtlhening
Case #2: what is the approximate gestational age of…
arrow_forward
Before assessing the postpartum client's uterus for firmness and position in relation to the umbilicus and midline , which of the following should the nurse do first ?
a. Assist her to urinate
b. Administer analgesia
c. Assess the vital signs
d. Ambulate her in the hall
arrow_forward
Assessment
Directions: Arrange the following in sequence from 1 to 5 with reference to Hormonal
actions during menstrual cycle. Do it on a separate sheet of paper
A. As estrogen and progesterone levels are too low to inhibit the anterior
pituitary, the cycle can now begin again.
_B. If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum eventually degenerates
(forming a corpus albicans after ~ 2 weeks).
_C. Estrogen and progesterone also inhibit secretion of FSH and LH, preventing
any follicles from developing.
_D. LH causes the dominant follicle to rupture and release an egg (secondary
oocyte) – this is called ovulation.
_E. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is secreted from the anterior pituitary
and stimulates growth of ovarian follicles.
arrow_forward
EMBRYOLOGY LAB NOTES
A. Syngamy:
1. Of the
of sperm that are ejaculated into the vagina, only a few
thousand make it all the way out into the
Most sperm
survive for
hours inside the female, and the ovulated oocyte is viable for
hours. For fertilization to occur, coitus must occur no more than
days prior to ovulation and no later than
hours after.
2. The ovulated secondary oocyte is encapsulated by two walls, the
and the deeper
Hundreds of sperm
must release their acrosomal enzymes before theses barriers are breached, and
sperm fuses with the oocyte's membrane.
3. As this sperm loses its
and its nucleus is pulled into the oocyte cytoplasm,
changes occur in the oocyte membrane, thus preventing other sperm from entering (and
ensuring
in humans).
4. The secondary oocyte is now able to complete meiosis II, forming and ovum and a second
The sperm nucleus swells to form the male pronucleus
chromosomes); the ovum nucleus also swells to become the
chromosomes). The true moment of
.two pronuclei…
arrow_forward
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect when assessing a client,
12 weeks’ gestation, with gestational trophoblastic disease (hydatidiform mole)?
A. Protracted pain.
B. Variable fetal heart decelerations.
C. The uterus tends to expand faster than normally thus causes the uterus to
reach its landmarks (just over the symphysis brim at 12 weeks, at the umbilicus
at 20 to 24 weeks) before the usual time.
D. Suicidal ideations
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Please answer both questions. Thank you!
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The nurse is reviewing the report on fertility testing for a male patient who is 28 years of age. report designates the cause of infertility as a low sperm count with no other identified physiological disorders. Which type of infertility does the nurse recognize?
1. Pretesticular
2. Testicular
3 Posttesticular
4. Hormonal
asap please
arrow_forward
A nurse explains that the efficiency of the basal body temperature method of contraception depends on fluctuation of the basal body temperature. What factor will alter its effectiveness?
1. Presence of stress
2. Length of abstinence
3. Age of those involved
4. Frequency of intercourse
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- What's More BC Activity 1 Directions: Match the concepts about menstruation in Column A with the terms in Column B. Write the letter of your answer. a. endometrium b. ovulation c. menstruation 1. This hormone stimulates your ovaries to produce around 5 to 20 small sacs called follicles. 2. The first occurrence of menstruation. 3. This occurs when fertilization does not take place. d. menarche e. Follicle - Stimulating Hormone is the lining of the uterus that becomes thicker in preparation for implantation of the fertilized egg. S. At this stage, the process of fertilization may take place. 4. This Activity 2 Directions: Identify what phase of menstrual cycle is described in each number, The lining of the uterus becomes thin after menstruation. An egg in the ovary continues to mature. Just before the mid-cycle, the mature egg moves to the surface of the ovary. The lining of the uterus called endometrium becomes thicker in preparation for implantation of the fertilized egg. If…arrow_forwardexplain all point with step by step and type the answer.arrow_forwardII. QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH. Make sure to provide your references. Use CBE or APA format. A. Make a table showing the differences of amphibian and mammalian ovaries and oogenesis. Ovary Structure ● Function Oogenesis Oogonia ● Ooocyte ● ● Zona pellucida Antrum ● Menstrual Cycle Amphibia Mammalia B. How do the eggs ovulated into the abdominal cavity find their way out of the frog body? C. What are the exact roles of the theca interna and the follicle cells in the estrogen production? D. The corpus luteum regresses in about 9 days. Why does it regress? Briefly discuss the process of regression. E. Provide the roles of two sex hormones produced by the female vertebrate body. F. Briefly discuss the events that lead to only one or few oocytes being ovulated despite the many oogenic cells that attempt to mature.arrow_forward
- Learning Task 6: Essay .Explain why there is a high level of estrogen and progesterone once in every 28-day uterine cycle of a female, Refer your answer on Fig.2 Negative Feedback Mechanisms in Menstrual cycię, Day 4: Nervous System Working Together with Endocrine System to Maintain Homeostasis Learning Task 7: Read and answer the given questions after the lesson. Homeostasis is the state reached when each part of the body functions in equilibrium with other parts. This is attained through the regulation of the bodily functions by the endocrine and nervous systems. Most body system maintain homeostasis by using feedback mechanisms. When the brain reçeives messages from the body about an internal change in one of its systems, it works to restore the system to its normal state. The levels of hormones in the body are controlled by feedback. It is important that the amount of homeostasis in our body is kept at the right level. To achieve homeostasis, the nervous and endocrine systems…arrow_forwardplease help draw and color and label it correctlyarrow_forwardDirections: Rearrange the statements based on how a menstrual cycle occurs by writing numbers 1-40 before the item. The process of fertilization may take place. A new egg cell starts to mature within the ovary The living of the uterus becomes thin after bieeding. The mature egA Uterine lining begin to break down and bleeding results An egg in the ovary continues to mature The endometrium or lining of the uterus become thicker in preparation for the Implantation of the fertilized egg. The mature egg is released. The mature egg moves to the surface of the aivary just before the mid-cycle. The next menstrual cycle is about to begin Directions Match the concepts about menstruation in column A. with the terms in column 8. write the letter of your answer. Column- A travels from the ovary to the uterus. 1. The hormone stimulates your ovarles to produce a round 5 to 20 smale sacs called follicies. 2. The first accurrence of menstruation 3. This occurs when fertilization does not take place. 4.…arrow_forward
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