Module 1 Lab A^0P
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Metropolitan Community College, Kansas City *
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MISC
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Biology
Date
Jan 9, 2024
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Part 1: The Microscope
This exercise is meant to teach you how to use the microscopes properly. Learning how to use a microscope efficiently is not easy. It takes time and patience!! As you go through the following exercises you should gain experience and skills that will help you throughout the semester. Every time
you use the microscopes remember to clean the oculars, close down the diaphragm by moving the lever to the right, and start with the lowest power objective.
A. Basic care and use of the microscope.
1.
Obtain a microscope. Carry the microscope by the arm and the base. Use two hands and do not try to carry anything else at the same time.
2.
Obtain a few sheets of lens paper and a bottle of lens cleaner (two bottles per bench is fine).
3.
Plug in your microscope and use Figure 1 to become familiar with the parts of the microscope. 4.
Turn on the light and rotate the nosepiece until the 4X objective is pointing down. Clean the oculars with lens paper moistened with lens cleaner.
5.
Obtain a slide of skeletal (striated) muscle tissue
. Clean the slide (both sides) with lens paper by rubbing the slide between your thumb and index finger. Place the slide on the stage. Use the lever to open and close the clip that holds the slide in place.
6.
Use the mechanical stage control knobs to move the slide and position the slide directly below the 4X objective.
7.
Look through the oculars. You may need to adjust the amount of space between the oculars - gently pull them apart or push together until you can see through both. Most microscopes have diopter adjustments for one or both oculars. Begin use with no adjustment (set both oculars to the same setting or no adjustment). Make adjustments as needed, if you have difficulty focusing both eyes on the slide in the next step. 8.
Use the coarse adjustment knob to bring the slide into focus. You should see dark red cells that are long and skinny and run parallel to each other. You may need to move the slide up or down to find the cells. If you do not see the cells, notify the instructor.
9.
Rotate the nosepiece until the 10X objective clicks into place. Use the fine adjustment knob to bring the muscle cells into focus.
10.
Rotate the nosepiece until the 40X objective is in place. Use the fine adjustment knob to bring the cells into focus. Notice how close the objective is to the slide. This is the reason for using the fine adjustment knob when working with the 40X or higher objectives. 11.
Rotate the nosepiece until the 4X objective is in place and remove the muscle tissue slide.
1
B. Orientation of the image.
Obtain a slide with the letter e
mounted on the surface. Place the slide on the stage and bring the e
into focus. 1.
Compare the orientation of the e
on the slide to the image of the
e
that you see through the microscope. How is it different?
The image of e
on the slide is upside down compared to how it looks through the oculars.
2.
Use the control knobs to move the slide to the right while watching through the microscope. In which direction does the image move?
The image moves left.
Questions:
1.
Why should we never use the coarse adjustment knob with anything but the low (4X) power objective?
It adjusts the stage too much, too quickly. It makes it MUCH harder to find your specimen again.
2.
What are the two things we have to do to make sure the image we have found under low power is still visible when we switch to medium or high power?
If it is center and if it is in focus.
E. Practice
1
. Obtain a slide of intestine
. Start at 4X power. Work your way up to 40X. Find the center of the intestine where you are able to see open air space and focus on the cells lining the intestine. This is the epithelial layer. Move the slide to focus on the cells that wrap around the intestine. This is smooth muscle.
2
. Obtain a slide of skin
. Find cells lining the surface. You will be able to see hair emerging through the surface. Scan down below the surface layer and look for different types of cells. Think of the functions of the different types of cells. 3. Obtain a slide of lung tissue
. Look around on the slide at different magnifications. (Always start at 4X power.) You will see open air space between very thin cells, and you will also see blood vessels and bronchioles and maybe some cartilage.
F. Clean up.
1.
Lower the stage. Rotate the 4X objective into place. Use moistened lens paper to clean the oculars. Turn off the light switch and unplug the microscope. 2.
Fold/secure the cord in a way appropriate for the microscope, under the stage, around attached bracket, or under the plug-in power supply. Carry the microscope back to the cabinet. Check the number on the microscope and place it in the corresponding location in the cabinet.
2
Objective
X
Ocular
=
Total Magnification
4x
X
10x
=
40x
10x
X
10x
=
100x
40x
X
10x
=
400x
100x
X
10x
=
1000x
3
Part 2: Cellular Metabolism
Directions: Complete the following Virtual Labs in McGraw-Hill Connect and record your observations in the space provided
.
A.
Scientific Method*
The pill bugs were attracted to the cornstarch. All ten of the insects ended on the side with the cornstarch.
B.
Chemical Composition of Cells – Test for Proteins
Pepsin and Albumin both turned purple or pink, meaning they had proteins in them. The pepsin was the darker of the two, and thus had more proteins.
C.
DNA – Gel Electrophoresis
The DNA underwent four different types of mutations. The first mutation was missense: substitution and affected one amino acid. The second was frameshift: insertion and affected 3. The third was nonsense: substitution and affected two. The final was a silent substitution and affected no amino acids.
D.
Enzyme Function – Effect of pH
The reaction rate is fastest near an even 7 pH. If the mixture is too basic or too acidic, it will have a slow reaction rate.
Part 3: Cell Division - Mitosis
Mitosis
Mitosis is the division of one cell into two daughter cells. The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the original cells. Mitosis is necessary for growth, repair and replacement of your cells. Prior to mitosis a cell duplicates its chromosomes and organelles during interphase. Mitosis begins when a cell enters prophase.
A. Models
4
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Related Questions
CALA
Learning Task 2: Copy the chart below in your answer aheet. Identify the parts of
the microscope listed inside the box. Group them according to their basic
function.
base
body
eye piece
tube
arm
course adjustment
mirror
diaphragm
fine adjustment knob
objective lens
nosepiece
stage
Magnifying
luminating
Mechanical
PIVOT 4A CALABARZON Science G7
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I need help about the microscope's chart and I don't understand this question. Can you help me, please?
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Please help with above
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Using the microscope Answer the following questions as you work through this exercise:
1. How is the letter “e” on the slide oriented when you see it with the naked eye as you mount it on the stage (i.e., is it right side up or upside down)?
2. How is the letter “e” on the slide oriented when you see it under low or high power magnification?
3. What effect, if any, does the compound light microscope have on the orientation of the image?
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Hi I hope you're doing fine.
I need help with these questions, please!
thank you!
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I don't understand this problem. Can you help me to explain to me? I'm lost and i have a hard time.
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Using the provided materials and the microscope itself, review the parts of the microscope including the name, where it is located, its function and the appropriate times to use.
Record your observations and notes as vou will require this information when writing yourlab report
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Question 3
When carrying a microscope, what two part or parts should you be holding?
Base
O Coarse Adjustment Knob
O Ocular Lens
O Arm
O Objective lens
Stage
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Please answer fast
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Can you help me please
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Question Completion Status:
A Moving to another question will save this response.
Question 13
Total Magnification of a microscope is
O 1. Product of Ocular Lens and objective lens magnification
O 2. Sum of the ocular lens and objective lens magnification
O 3 Magnification of ocular lens minus magnification of objective lens
O 4. None of above
Moving to another question will save this response.
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Using a Light Microscope to Determine an Object's SIZE
PRE-LAB QUESTIONS
Fill in the diagram of the microscope with the term or description that matches, the microscope
part.
Eye Plece
Body Tube
Contains lens to increase
magnification usually 10x
Revolves to allow changing
various objectives
Arm
Objectives
Moves stage up and down
approximately to correct
distance
Hold slides in place
Stage
Permits finer focusing by
moving the stage in
smaller increments
Regulates the amount of
light going through the stage
Base
Light Source
Copyright © 2012 Laying the Foundation®, Ic., Dallas, Texas. All rights reserved. Visit us online at www.lftralning.org.
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Please help me understand this question
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Hi, there! Just subscribed to Bartleby! So excited to be here, and thanks for your help! Can you assist me in answering this? (This is not graded but, rather, an excersise conducive to acquisition).
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Skill-Building Exercises
(Question numbers refer to the numbered steps in the actual lab.)
Finding the object
1. Letter "e" as it appears to unaided eye:
3. Letter "e" as it appears in microscope (total magnification 40 x)
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RESULTS for Exercise 4: Microscopic Measurements
Name
Date
Calibration of Microscope:
PART A
1 Division on the Ocular Micrometer
corresponds to:
Objective
Scanning
Low Power
μη
High Dry
um
Oil Immersion
um
Show calculations for each objective:
Exercise 4 Microscopic Measurements 35
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I have a hard time with this picture and I don't know which I put the right label on this picture. Can you help me?
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Label the microscope
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List the learning goals that was listed from the picture
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USING & FOCUSING THE MICROSCOPE:
1. List the following items into their correct order for proper set-up & use of the microscope:
set scanning lens (4x), set low power lens (10x), turn on power, place slide on stage,
set light to medium, look through eyepiece (= oculars), fine adjustment focus, coarse
adjustment focus, center specimen
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
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PART C: CALCULATING THE DIAMETER OF THE FIELD OF VIEW (FOV)_
The field of view (FOV) is the circular area you can see when you look through the microscope. The
diameter of the field of view is different depending on which objective lens you are using. For example,
you are using the medium-power objective lens, then the area you can see is actually smaller than if you
were using the low-power objective lens. Knowing The diameter of the field of view can help you estimate
actual size of objects / cells seen through the microscope.
When the revolving nose piece is turned to the low power objective lens, a dear plastic ruler can be placed on the microscope stage (see figure 1).
Then, the coarse adjustment knob can be used to focus on the millimeter marks of the ruler making sure that one of the milimeter marks is at the left
edge of the field of view (see figure 2).
NOTE:
Slage cip
I-1000
Objects in the FOV are usually
measured in micrometers (um).
To convert, a FOV in mm, times
it by 1000…
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What's New
Great job! You made it! In the previous activity, you were able to familiarize a
parts as well as to describe the functions of the microscope which is an important the
in learning science. Furthermore, it is necessary for you to recognize the rolao
microscopes in studying tiny objects and organisms and enable you to understand of
itself.
As a budding scientist, you should be able to develop the skill in manipulating
the microscope, calculating how much objects are magnified under the microscope, and
proper use and care of the microscope. Moreover, this is an expensive instrument. It neede
to be handled carefully and properly. There are ways on how to useit. Tosee the image properly
it should be used appropriately. Are you ready to learn the next essential thing? Bring it
on!
Direct
1. Anto
micr
A. E
Directions: Read and understand carefully the procedures in handling and using the microscope
properly. Fill in the blank with the correct word from the given choices.
В.
C.
1.…
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(ChooseI
| Choose
Where the slide sits on
Holds the slide in place
Used for making small adjustments to focus
Condenses light before it goes through the sample
The whole microscope sits upon this
Used for moving around the stage and slide
Used for making large adjustments to focus
Does most of the magnification. These are close to the slide
Provides light
Magnifies the image, It is what you put your cycs near
(Choose
Choose
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Please answer question 1
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Shown below are several micrographs (images from microscopes) that were taken using different microscopy techniques. Write down what method of microscopy was used and why you thought so. Choices for microscopy techniques are: Transmitted Light Microscopy (techniques of brightfield, phase-contrast, darkfield, DIC all fall under this), Fluorescence Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Transmission Electron Microscopy.
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I need help with a microbiology question comparison of the 3 types of microscopy including which shows more detail, which is clearer, and explain which would be preferred when observing paramecium.
The three types of microscopy that were used to view paramecium were brightfield,darkfield, and phase-contrast microscopes.
Thank you!
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What 3 simple ways of preparing microscope slides for light microscopy.
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When carrying a microscope you should always have one hand on the base and the other
on the arm.
True
False
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3.
Please number these steps, in the order they should be completed when using a microscope.
Remove specimen, lower stage, wrap cord, and return covered microscope to numbered shelf.
Move to other objective lenses to increase magnification.
Rotate lowest-magnification objective lens into position (probably 4x or 10x).
Clean all lenses with lens paper.
Place specimen on stage.
Adjust chair to a comfortable height.
Use coarse focus knob to adjust stage until an image is visible.
Be careful to use only the fine focus knob with the longest objective lenses.
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Answer the following questions and uploa
assignment.
1. What is the difference between a zoom knob and focus knob?
2. What is another name for the ocular lens?
3. Define working distance.
4. When would you use top illumination vs. bottom illumination?
5. What two parts of the microscope should you touch when carrying it?
MacBook Air
吕0
F3
F4
F5
F6
F7
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help!!
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Analysis: Write your answers on the space provided. 1. How does the letter “e” as seen through the microscope differ from the way an “e” normally appears? 2. When you move the slide to the left, in what direction does the letter “e” appear to move? When you move it to the right? Up? Down? 3. How does the ink appear under the microscope compared to normal view? 4. Why does a specimen placed under the microscope have to be thin?
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SBI 3C1
VIRTUAL LAB: THE MICROSCOPE
INSTRUCTIONS: Go to the following link: https://virtuallabs.nmsu.edu/micro.php. Click the continue tab and follow the
instructions on how to properly use a microscope. When you are complete, answer the questions below.
PART A: MAGNIFICATION OF THE MICROSCOPE - How much biggerl enlarged is the specimen?
TOTAL MAGNIFICATIION (eyepiece (ocular) magnification) X (objective lens magnification)
Calculate the total magnification for each lens below for a simple COMPOUND LIGHT MICROSCOPE
ОBJECTIVE
LENS
POWER
OCULAR
MAGNIFICATION
OBJECTIVE LENS
MAGNIFICATION
TOTAL MAGNIFICATION
MAG (X) = Ocular X Objective
LOW
LP MAG =
MEDIUM
MP MAG=
HIGH
HP MAG-
Complete the following chart by calculating the missing lens or total magnification [2]
TOTAL MAGNIFICATION
OBJECTIVE LENS MAGNIR
AR (EYEPIECE)
MAGNIFICATION
5X
80X
10X
40X
10X
100X
500X
50X
PART B: HOW TO USE THE COMPOUND MICROSCOPE TO VIEW SLIDES
Access the Virtual Microscope at…
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- Can you help me pleasearrow_forwardQuestion Completion Status: A Moving to another question will save this response. Question 13 Total Magnification of a microscope is O 1. Product of Ocular Lens and objective lens magnification O 2. Sum of the ocular lens and objective lens magnification O 3 Magnification of ocular lens minus magnification of objective lens O 4. None of above Moving to another question will save this response.arrow_forwardUsing a Light Microscope to Determine an Object's SIZE PRE-LAB QUESTIONS Fill in the diagram of the microscope with the term or description that matches, the microscope part. Eye Plece Body Tube Contains lens to increase magnification usually 10x Revolves to allow changing various objectives Arm Objectives Moves stage up and down approximately to correct distance Hold slides in place Stage Permits finer focusing by moving the stage in smaller increments Regulates the amount of light going through the stage Base Light Source Copyright © 2012 Laying the Foundation®, Ic., Dallas, Texas. All rights reserved. Visit us online at www.lftralning.org.arrow_forward
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