Stull_Lab#4

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Eastern Kentucky University *

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101

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Chemistry

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Feb 20, 2024

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docx

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11

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Lab 4-Chemical Reactions Lab Write up: 30 points Photos: 5 points (upload photos to the end of your lab write-up) Total: 35 points Purpose: (1 point) Of Exp#4: To experience chemical reactions through different chemicals. Both exercises allow you to see a chemical change in appearance and color, also allowing you to see the chemical effect on foil after a period of time. Tecahes you how to create a chemical equation through different chemicals As it relates to CHE 101: In CHE 101 Your supposed to learn the difference between a chemical reaction and what makes a chemical reaction. Also, you need to know how to make a chemical equation balanced and through this experiment you can learn about creating chemical equations. Exercise 1: Reactivity of Metals Data Table 1. Observations of Chemical Reactions with Aluminum Foil. (6 points) Chemical Start Time Initial Appearance of Chemical Initial Appearance of Foil Observations after 5 Minutes Observations after 3 hours Appearance of Foil after Rinsing AgNO 3 4:17 Clear Liquid Milky with black spots forming It’s now black and brown. It looks like it Dried, solid, light brown with black The water didn’t wash away much. 1 Nam e Hayden Stull
would be sticky dots. The color of the solution on the foil stayed the same but it looks as if the solution ate through the foil. CuSO 4 4:20 Aqua blue tint Bubbles forming, turning black It is brown with dried bubbles. It looks to be solid Brown, solid with dried bubbles The water also did not wash away all the solution. Holes have formed in the spot of the CuSO4 CaCl 2 4:22 Clear, odorless Clear with a few bubbles at the bottom it’s clear and still in a liquid state. The bubbles that formed initially are still present Clear, solid with dried bubbles. This solution pretty much completely washed away leaving just a faint outline Pb(NO 3 ) 2 4:24 Clear, odorless Milky white color It dried white with a few black spots. The white portion almost looks crystalized. Gray, solid with dried bubbles The water did not wash away the solution and it left holes through the foil. Questions A. Which of the reactants in Data Table 1 showed evidence of a chemical reaction with the aluminum foil? Use your observations to explain your answer. (2 points) The reactants that have shown chemical reactions with the aluminum foil are AgNO3, CuSO4 and Pb(NO3)2. They all changed colors and states in the process. In order to be a chemical reaction they need to change states/ colors and the only one that doesn’t is CaCl2. 2
B. List the metals found in each of the four reactants in Data Table 1 . Indicate the metal or metals that are more reactive than aluminum. (See Figure 2 for the activity series.) (2 points) The metals found in the four reactants are Cu(Copper), Ca(Calcium) and Pb(Lead). The only metal That is more reactive than aluminum is Ca(Calcium). C. What are the of potential sources error that might cause disagreement between the activity series’ prediction of reactions and your observations of reactions? (2 points) A potential error that might cause disagreement is not leaving all of the chemicals the same amount of time or starting at different times. Also, another possible source of error could be not properly cleaning the aluminum foil. Another could be not applying enough salt water to the aluminum foil. D. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between silver nitrate and aluminum . What type of reaction is this? (2 points) 3AgNO3+ Al to 3Ag + Al(NO3)3 This is a single replacement. Exercise 2: Reactions in Solution Data Table 2. Reaction Observations. (8 points) Reaction # Reactants Initial Observations of Reactants Well ID Immediate Observations after Mixing Observations after 1 Hour Conclusion: Evidence of Reaction? 3
Y/N 1 NaHCO 3 + HCl NaHCO 3 -clear, colorless liquid HCl-clear, colorless liquid A1 Bubbles in a clear, colorless solution Clear and bubble-less N 2 HCl + Blue Dye Blue Dye Dark, blue liquid HCl clear, colorless Liquid A2 Blue Dye has more of a greenish look when mixed with HCl Blue, clear and bubble- less Y 3 Blue Dye + NaOCl + HCl Blue Dye Dark, blue liquid NaOCl clear, colorless liquid HCl clear, colorless liquid A3 Blue Dye also turned green but faster than reaction #2 Blue, Clear and bubble- less Y 4 NaOCl + KI + Starch NaOCl-clear, colorless liquid Kl- Clear, colorless liquid Startch- Opaque colorless liquid A4 Clear, Colorless solution No bubbles Clear and bubble-less Y 5 KI + Pb(NO 3 ) 2 Kl- clear, colorless liquid Pb(NO3)2-Clear, colorless liquid A5 Yellow Milky, Opaque solution Yellow. Heterogenous , clearly seperating Y 6 Pb(NO 3 ) 2 + CaCl 2 Pb(NO3)2-clear, colorless liquid CaCl2- clear colorless liquid A6 White, milky, opaque solution White heterogeneou s, clearly separating Y 7 CaCl 2 + NaHSO 4 CaCL2-clear colorless liquid NaHSO4-clear colorless liquid B1 White, milky, opaque solution White, glue- like solution Y 8 NaHSO 4 + Na 2 CO 3 NaHSO4- clear colorless liquid NA2CO3- clear colorless liquid B2 Bubbles formed, clear, colorless liquid Clear and bubble-less N 9 Na 2 CO 3 + Phenolpht halein Na2CO3- clear colorless liquid Phenolphthalein- clear colorless liquid B3 Magenta, clear liquid Magenta, clear and bubbles in the middle Y 10 Phenolpht Phenolphthalein B4 Magenta, clear Magenta, Y 4
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