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476
Subject
Chemistry
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
Pages
4
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1
Assignment 4
Due:
Thursday, 30 November 2023, 23:59 pm
Use Hysys to simulate a vacuum crude column in oil refinery. Stream Vacuum Feed is the
bottom stream from an Atmospheric Crude Column (not part of this simulation). It is
pumped by the pump P-101 and heated in a fired furnace FH-100. To account for the
formation of the cracking gas and liquid in the furnace, as well as air leaks to the column,
calculations of the flow rates of cracking gas, liquids, and leaks is performed in the block
Feed Cracking. Stream S-4 is fed to the vacuum column (Figure 1). This column has the
following products: VC-Ovhd, LVGO (Light Vacuum Gas Oil), HVGO (Heavy Vacuum Gas Oil),
and VC Resid.
Figure 1.
Part of the oil refinery with vacuum furnace and vacuum crude column.
Specifications
Vacuum Feed Assay (adjusted to 1atm)
TBP Distillation Assay
Liq Vol %
T (
°
F)
1
540.4
2
580.8
5
642.8
10
697.0
30
831.8
50
935.7
70
1097.8
90
1298.0
98
1485.4
Cut the assay into individual components using AutoCut. Define a blend and install the
stream Vacuum Feed.
Vacuum Feed:
F
= 41,560 bbld (std id liq vol flow),
T
= 630
◦
F,
P
= 31 psia.
P-101:
Centrifugal Pump. Outlet pressure 140 psia, Adiabatic efficiency 75%.
CHBE 476 Modeling and Optimization in Chemical Engineering
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
The University of British Columbia
Tutorial 1
Monday, 9 September 2019, 4–5:45 pm
Bulk Properties
Bulk density
18 API_60
Molecular Weight
460
2
Furnace FH-100:
Use fired heater. Radiant Zone Inlet: S-1. Radiant Zone Outlet: S-3. Fuel
Streams: Natural Gas. Air Feed in SS Mode: Air. Combustion Product: S-2. Model Selection.
Steady State Model: Simple Fired Heater. Efficiency = 70%.
Natural Gas:
T
= 100
◦
F,
P
= 70 psia, initial flow rate = 3,000 lb/hr. Composition: methane
90 mol%, ethane 10 mol%. Once the simulation converges, adjust the flow rate of this
stream such that the temperature of the stream S-3 = 745
◦
F. Report the flow rate of Natural
Gas required to achieve this temperature.
Air:
T
= 100
◦
F,
P
= 70 psia, initial flow rate = 70,000 lb/hr. Composition: nitrogen 79 mol%,
oxygen 21 mol%. Once the simulation converges, adjust the flow rate of this stream so that
the mole fraction of O2 in S-2 = 0.04. Report the air flow rate needed to achieve this.
The preheated feed composition (stream S-3) is adjusted for cracking in the furnace.
Cracking Corrections and Leaks flow rate:
These calculations are performed in the
calculation block Feed Cracking using the following heuristics:
Cracking gas flow rate:
࠵?
!"#$%&’( *#+
(lb/hr) =
࠵?
,#$--. /001
(barrel/hr)
24 (hr/day)
∙ 0.6
Cracking gas composition (mol/mol): C2 = 0.75, C3 = 0.25
Cracking liquid flow rate:
࠵?
!"#$%&’( 2&3-&1
(lb/hr) =
࠵?
,#$--. /001
(barrel/hr)
1000
∙ 30
Cracking liquid composition (mol/mol): assume n-C11 = 0.5, n-C12 = 0.5 for simplicity.
Leaks flow rate – to account for air leaks to the vacuum column the following formula is
used:
࠵?
20#%+
(lb/hr) = 6
7
࠵?
,#$--. /001
(barrel/hr)
1000
For simplicity, use the Leaks composition (mol/mol) as N2 = 1. Perform the calculation of
the leaks flow rate in the block Feed Cracking, which is also used for the cracking
corrections.
Note
: The mass balance must be preserved—the mass flow rates of streams S-3 and S-4
should be the same (as well as their temperatures). To account for the pressure drop in the
furnace, specify the pressure of the stream S-4 = 4 psia.
Vacuum Column
Absorber (no condenser, no reboiler). Number of stages = 8.
Pressures:
P
top
= 0.155 psia,
P
bottom = 0.425 psia.
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