annotated-Peer%20activity%207

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Indiana University, Bloomington *

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P120

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Chemistry

Date

Apr 3, 2024

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pdf

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5

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Peer activity 7 Shricha Santosh Introduction In this exercise, we determined the heating requirements for a small 2000-square-foot home in Bloomington, taking the coldest day into account (-10 F). We calculated the required heating power and energy consumption, analyzed the cost of five various heating sources, and calculated the environmental impact of their carbon emissions. Part 1 - Heating your house 1. Heat Loss through Walls: 2. Area = 1820 sq.ft. 3. Temperature Difference = 80°F (70°F inside - (-10°F) outside) 4. R-value = 13.10 Heat Loss = (Area * Temperature Difference) / R-value Heat Loss = (1820 * 80) / 13.10 11,186 BTU/hr 1. Heat Loss through Doors: 2. Area = 63 sq.ft. 3. Temperature Difference = 80°F 4. R-value = 0.81 Heat Loss = (Area * Temperature Difference) / R-value Heat Loss = (63 * 80) / 0.81 6,218 BTU/hr 1. Heat Loss through Windows: 2. Area = 132 sq.ft. 3. Temperature Difference = 80°F 4. R-value = 1.72 Heat Loss = (Area * Temperature Difference) / R-value Heat Loss = (132 * 80) / 1.72 6,143 BTU/hr 1. Heat Loss through Ceiling: 2. Area = 1980 sq.ft. 3. Temperature Difference = 80°F 4. R-value = 19 Heat Loss = (Area * Temperature Difference) / R-value Heat Loss = (1980 * 80) / 19 8,336 BTU/hr 1. Heat Loss through Infiltration:
2. Volume = 20,000 cu.ft. 3. Temperature Difference = 80°F 4. Air Changes per Hour = 0.5 (one air exchange every two hours) Heat Loss = 0.018 * Volume * Temperature Difference * Air Changes per Hour Heat Loss = 0.018 * 20,000 * 80 * 0.5 14,400 BTU/hr Total Heat Loss: 11,186 (walls) + 6,218 (doors) + 6,143 (windows) + 8,336 (ceiling) + 14,400 (infiltration) 46,283 BTU/hr Part 2 – Furnaces We will use the total heat loss (46,283 BTU/hr) to calculate the cost to heat the house for one day (24 hours): 1. Electricity: 2. Cost per unit: $0.16 per kWh 3. Unit of energy: 3,412 BTU/kWh 4. Cost per BTU = $0.16 / 3,412 = $0.0000469 per BTU Cost to heat house for one day = (46,283 BTU/hr * 24 hr) * $0.0000469 per BTU $84.90 1. Natural Gas: 2. Cost per unit: $10 per MCF 3. Unit of energy: 1,000,000 BTU/MCF 4. Cost per BTU = $10 / 1,000,000 = $0.0000100 per BTU Cost to heat house for one day = (46,283 BTU/hr * 24 hr) * $0.0000100 per BTU $18.01 1. Propane: 2. Cost per unit: $2.50 per gal Heat Loss Source Area (sq.ft.) Temperature Difference (F) R- value Heat Loss (BTU/ hr) Walls 1820 80 13.10 11,186 Doors 63 80 0.81 6,218 Windows 132 80 1.72 6,143 Ceiling 1980 80 R-19 8,336 Infiltration - (20,000 cu.ft.) 80 - 14,400
3. Unit of energy: 91,500 BTU/gal 4. Cost per BTU = $2.50 / 91,500 = $0.0000273 per BTU Cost to heat house for one day = (46,283 BTU/hr * 24 hr) * $0.0000273 per BTU $49.1 1. Heating Oil: 2. Cost per unit: $3.00 per gal 3. Unit of energy: 138,690 BTU/gal 4. Cost per BTU = $3.00 / 138,690 = $0.0000216 per BTU Cost to heat house for one day = (46,283 BTU/hr * 24 hr) * $0.0000216 per BTU $34.44 1. Oak: 2. Cost per unit: $250 per cord 3. Unit of energy: 20,000,000 BTU/cord 4. Cost per BTU = $250 / 20,000,000 = $0.0000125 per BTU Cost to heat house for one day = (46,283 BTU/hr * 24 hr) * $0.0000125 per BTU $22.10 Part 3 – Carbon Impact Electricity: CO2 per unit: 1.559 lbs CO2/kWh Unit of energy: 3,412 BTU/kWh CO2 per million BTU of energy = (1,559 lbs CO2/kWh * 1,000,000 BTU) / (3,412 BTU/ kWh) = 456.97 lbs CO2/million BTU Fuel Cost per unit Unit of energy Cost per BTU Cost to heat house for one day Electricity $0.16 kWh 3,412 BTU/kWh $0.00004693 $84.90 Natural Gas $10 MCF 1,000,000 BTU/ MCF $0.00001000 $18.01 Propane $2.50 gal 91,500 BTU/gal $0.00002732 $49.18 Heating Oil $3.00 gal 138,690 BTU/gal $0.00002165 $34.44 Oak $250 cord 20,000,000 BTU/ cord $0.00001250 $22.10
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