03_ReactionRates_PostLab_Spring 24
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Reaction Rates
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Reaction Rates
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CHM 116 POST-LAB
Reaction Rates: Determining Order of Reactants and Rate Law
1.
Insert ONE picture of yourself in full PPE here (
include the 24 -Well plate) in your PPE picture
). **Remember to (1) show your full body
so that we see you are wearing shoes; (2) wear your
safety glasses, long sleeves shirt and gloves; (3) cover your lower legs, including ankles (socks are required, even in Arizona); (4) tie back long hair in a ponytail or a bun; (5) remove jewelry.
Insert Picture Here
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Reaction Rates
Page 3 of 12
2.
Insert a picture HERE of all the materials you will be using for this experiment (do NOT use the picture provided in the Procedure). Include a numbered figure legend below the picture.
Materials
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Reaction Rates
Page 4 of 12
Determining Rate Law
This reaction rate data is analyzed and used to determine the rate law for the reaction between HCl and Na
2
S
2
O
3
.
2HCl(aq) + Na
2
S
2
O
3
(aq) → S(s) + SO
2
(aq) + H
2
O(l) + 2NaCl(aq)
The general form for the rate law for the above reaction between HCl and Na
2
S
2
O
3
is written as:
Rate = k[
HCl
]
x
[
Na
2
S
2
O
3
]
y
When the concentration of one chemical is changed, the other chemical’s concentration
is held constant. When testing for the order of [HCl], [Na
2
S
2
O
3
]
is held constant. When testing for [Na
2
S
2
O
3
], [HCl] is held constant. This means that any change in reaction rate between experiments can be attributed to the change in just one of the reactants (the other is held constant).
In doing so, the variables m and n can be separately computed via a ratio.
Part 1: Determining Order for HCL
3.
Data Table 1: Varying the concentration of HCl while keeping the concentration of Na
2
S
2
O
3
constant.
Table 1: Varying the concentration of HCl
Number of drops
Concentrations (M)
Reaction Time(sec)
Reaction Rate
Well #
HCl
Water
Na
2
S
2
O
3
HCl
initial
Na
2
S
2
O
3
initial
HCl
final
Na
2
S
2
O
3
final
Trial
1
Trial
2
Average
Sec
-1
C1, D1
12
0
8
1M
0.3 M
0.6 M
0.12 M
23.9
23.4
23.65
0.42
C2, D2
6
6
8
0.5 M
0.3 M
0.3 M
0.21 M
31.4
28.6
30.0
.033
C3, D3
4
8
8
0.33 M
0.3M
34.6 M
32.6 M
34.6
32.6
33.6
.029
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Reaction Rates
Page 5 of 12
4.
Show your work for the following calculations:
Determine the concentration (in molarity) of HCl and the concentration (in molarity) of Na
2
S
2
O
3
for each experiment in Part 1. These are just dilution calculations.
5.
Show your work for the following calculations:
Determine the initial reaction rate for each experiment in Part 1.
Calculated [HCl] for
:
Wells C1 and D1:
Wells C2 and D2:
Wells C3 and D3:
Calculated [
Na
2
S
2
O
3
] for all wells (C1, D1, C2, D2, C3, D3)
:
Average Reaction Times
:
Wells C1 and D1:
Wells C2 and D2:
Wells C3 and D3:
Initial Reaction Rates:
Wells C1 and D1:
Wells C2 and D2:
Wells C3 and D3:
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Related Questions
0
State what rate law you would expect from this mechanism (Rate = k[Acetone]"[H*]"[[₂]')
• Compare the expected rate law from the mechanism to the rate law you got from the Method of Initial rates
and the Method of Isolation. If they are different, suggest 1-2 valid, specific, experimental reasons why they
might be different.
(fast, equilibrium)
CH3
ソース
H3C
ག་
CH3
+ H* =
H3C
H3C
H.
+ H
(slow)
CH3
H3C
CH2
+ ↳2
Т
+ HI
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used to evaluate the quality of fit. The best fit of the data will have an R² value
closest or equal to zero (0).
closest or equal to one (1).
equal to the rate of the reaction occurring.
equal to the rate constant of the reaction occurring.
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A + 2B -> C (rate constant = k1, rA = -k1[A][B]2)
C -> A + 2B (rate constant = k-1, rA = k-1[C])
C + 2A -> 2D (rate constant = k2, rA = -k2[C][A]2)
reaction rate constant and the rate for A of each elementary reaction are shown in the parentheses after each reaction. Calculate the overall reaction rate for A in terms of [A], [B], k1, k-1, and k2 assuming c is psuedo-state-concentration
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Part A
In this task, you'll observe a chemical reaction between baking soda and vinegar. How do
temperature of the reactants and the rate of reaction are related? Write a hypothesis to predict the
relationship between the two parameters.
you
think the
в I
U x² X2
15px
E E E E E E r
A
A higher temperature of vinegar will make the reaction faster.
Characters used: p2/ 15000
Part B
Next, you'll test your hypothesis from part A by examining the reaction times of vinegar and baking soda
in water at four different temperatures. You'll carry out the reaction using water at room temperature
(about 25°C), 40°C, 60°C, and 80°C. Make sure that you use the same amounts of vinegar and baking soda
for all three three trials.
Gather all the materials, and perform these steps for each trial:
1. Heat at least cup (60 milliliters) of water to the required temperature (refer to the data table).
Water may be heated on a stove, on a hot plate, or in a microwave oven.
Measure and red
he actual temnerature…
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show-all-working-explaining-detailly-each-step
Answer should be typewritten using a computer keyboard.
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rate and the initial concentration, units on k, etc.) are you looking for. Imagine that you are writing to a classmate who
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The following mechanism has been proposed for the formation of N₂ and H₂O from H₂ and nitrogen monoxide
Step 1
Step 2
2 NO
N₂0₂
N₂0₂ (fast, equilibrium) This is reversible
N₂0 H₂0 (fast, equilibrium) This is reversible
Step 3
N₂ + H₂O (slow, RDS) This is not reversible
a. What is the overall reaction for this mechanism? Answer this question within the test and not on the scratch paper
b. What are the intermediates if my exist? Answer this question within the test and not on scratch paper.
c. Write a rate law for sach step of the mechanism and list the molecularity of each step. Be sure to include any reversible steps as well.
Answer this question on the scratch paper clearly labeled
d. What is the predicted rate low for this reaction? Be sure to show all your work to receive credit. Arswer this question on the scratch
paper clearly labeled.
e. What are the expected units for k given the time in units of seconds. Answer this question within the test and not on the scratch paper,
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Plz do as soon as possible ....!
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2. Bubbles were produced at faster rate in the test tube with hydrogen peroxide mix with manganese dioxide.
3. Japanese/crepe paper changes color with higher bleach solution.
4. Moderna vaccines require -70 to -80 degrees Celsius to maintain its efficacy rate.
5. Fever suspension medicines mix well with warm water.
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15-1.
Correct!
Calculate the reaction rate (in mol L1s1). Reaction rate =
3.65
mol L-1s1.
eTextbook and Media
Hint
Attempts: 1 of 3 used
Your Answer
Correct Answer (Used)
Calculate the rate at which N205 is consumed (in mol L1s1). d[N2O5]/dt =
-7.30
mol L1s-1.
Calculate the rate at which NO2 is formed (in mol L-s1). d[NO2]/dt = i
mol L15-1.
Save for Later
Attempts: 0 of 3 used
Submit Answer
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Main Content
-Man
Energy
Reaction Progress
RxnDiag21. Consider the reaction energy diagram provided. Which step in this reaction requires the least
amount of activation energy?
step one
step two
step three
step four
There is not enough information to determine this answer.
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writing True or False.
_1. Rate law states that overall order of reaction can be determined by adding
the reaction orders of the reactants.
_2. Second order of reaction is the fastest.
_3. All reactions proceed at the same rate.
_4. The balance equation can be used to determine the rate of reaction.
_5. The slow reactive or unreactive species in a reaction can be identified using
rate law.
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Please answer everything asap, I really need help.
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Final Reactant Concentrations and Reaction Rates
[I-]
[BrO3-]
[H+]
Reaction Time
Rate of Reaction 2.8 x 10-5/time
Expt. #
M
M
M
sec.
M/sec
1
0.00166
0.0066
0.0166
258
2
0.0033
0.0666
0.0166
135
3
0.00166
0.0133
0.0166
132
4
0.00166
0.0066
0.033
78
FIND THE RATE?
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Please show steps to solution with clear explanation.
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of B → C is rate-determining.
●
• Question 9: Write a rate equation for each reaction, given the indicated
mechanism.
a. CH3CH₂-Br + + OH
b. (CH3)3C-Br
slow
(CH3)3C+
+ Br
CH,=CH, + H2O + Br
-OH
fast
(CH3)2C=CH₂ + H₂O
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Chemistry
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50
Concentration (mol/L)
es Notes.pdf
Reaction Rates
Reaction rates are measured in units of
which is = to
0.10
rate =
Dnpoid
0.08-
1) Determine the average rate of product
formation between 50 and 150 seconds.
H90'0
0.04
2) Is the tangential slope positive or negative for:
0.02-
- Product?
reactant
Reactant?
150
00,
250
Time (s)
The
at a single time is the
rate.
The slope over a range of time is the
rate.
Connection to Mathematics & Physics
Slope is the rate of change. The symbol
(delta) means
"for a range (average rate of change).
Example: A car decreases speed from 35 m/s to 15 m/s over a period of 5 seconds.
What is the car's acceleration (average rate of change for velocity)?
Example: The concentration of CHaF product increases from 0.20 mol/L to 0.80 mol/L
over 12 seconds of reaction time. Determine the average reaction rate for this time.
CH4 + F2 CH3F + HF
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Cc.43.
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III. Measuring the Rate of a Reaction
Table GP.3: Reaction Rate Data
Time (min)
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
Concentration of Phenyl Acetate (M)
0.54
0.44
0.32
0.22
0.16
0.12
0.082
a. Using Excel, prepare a graph of concentration vs. time using the data above. Make sure to show the best fit line for the
data, the equation for the line, and the R2 value. Upload a picture or screen shot of your graph here.
You can save your chart as a picture by right clicking on the chart and selecting "Save as picture". Do NOT upload an xls or
xlsx file here.
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(0
Erase
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8. (Show your work) Derive the integrated rate law for a zero-order reaction.
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Related Questions
- 0 State what rate law you would expect from this mechanism (Rate = k[Acetone]"[H*]"[[₂]') • Compare the expected rate law from the mechanism to the rate law you got from the Method of Initial rates and the Method of Isolation. If they are different, suggest 1-2 valid, specific, experimental reasons why they might be different. (fast, equilibrium) CH3 ソース H3C ག་ CH3 + H* = H3C H3C H. + H (slow) CH3 H3C CH2 + ↳2 Т + HIarrow_forwardWhen fitting data to a best fit line, a correlation coefficient (R2) is determined and used to evaluate the quality of fit. The best fit of the data will have an R² value closest or equal to zero (0). closest or equal to one (1). equal to the rate of the reaction occurring. equal to the rate constant of the reaction occurring.arrow_forwardA + 2B -> C (rate constant = k1, rA = -k1[A][B]2) C -> A + 2B (rate constant = k-1, rA = k-1[C]) C + 2A -> 2D (rate constant = k2, rA = -k2[C][A]2) reaction rate constant and the rate for A of each elementary reaction are shown in the parentheses after each reaction. Calculate the overall reaction rate for A in terms of [A], [B], k1, k-1, and k2 assuming c is psuedo-state-concentration overall chemical rxn is 3A+2B->2Darrow_forward
- Part A In this task, you'll observe a chemical reaction between baking soda and vinegar. How do temperature of the reactants and the rate of reaction are related? Write a hypothesis to predict the relationship between the two parameters. you think the в I U x² X2 15px E E E E E E r A A higher temperature of vinegar will make the reaction faster. Characters used: p2/ 15000 Part B Next, you'll test your hypothesis from part A by examining the reaction times of vinegar and baking soda in water at four different temperatures. You'll carry out the reaction using water at room temperature (about 25°C), 40°C, 60°C, and 80°C. Make sure that you use the same amounts of vinegar and baking soda for all three three trials. Gather all the materials, and perform these steps for each trial: 1. Heat at least cup (60 milliliters) of water to the required temperature (refer to the data table). Water may be heated on a stove, on a hot plate, or in a microwave oven. Measure and red he actual temnerature…arrow_forwardAnswer 35 & 36 show-all-working-explaining-detailly-each-step Answer should be typewritten using a computer keyboard.arrow_forwardYour Task: Demonstrate how to determine the correct order of a reaction using your flowchart by explaining the path through the flowchart for one of the reaction orders (i.e. what are this queue or events (i.e. the relationship between the rate and the initial concentration, units on k, etc.) are you looking for. Imagine that you are writing to a classmate who doesn't yet understand the chemical kinetics. Thus, your microtheme will be judged not simply on whether or not your figure out the correct answer, but also on whether or not you can write clearly enough to teach a fellow classmate.arrow_forward
- Use your experiment rate law and the average value for k to predict how long (in seconds)it would take for the acetone iodination reaction to finish for the initial conditions givenbelow. Note that you are solving for Δt in the average reaction rate.initial concentrations: [acetone] = 0.850 M[H+] = 0.320 M[I2] = 0.00150 Mreaction time (seconds): ______________How precise were the experimental measurements of the reaction time for each reactionmixture? How precise were the measurements of the value of the rate constant, k? Explain your answers.arrow_forwardPlease don't handwrite solution.arrow_forwardplease help me answer a & barrow_forward
- The following mechanism has been proposed for the formation of N₂ and H₂O from H₂ and nitrogen monoxide Step 1 Step 2 2 NO N₂0₂ N₂0₂ (fast, equilibrium) This is reversible N₂0 H₂0 (fast, equilibrium) This is reversible Step 3 N₂ + H₂O (slow, RDS) This is not reversible a. What is the overall reaction for this mechanism? Answer this question within the test and not on the scratch paper b. What are the intermediates if my exist? Answer this question within the test and not on scratch paper. c. Write a rate law for sach step of the mechanism and list the molecularity of each step. Be sure to include any reversible steps as well. Answer this question on the scratch paper clearly labeled d. What is the predicted rate low for this reaction? Be sure to show all your work to receive credit. Arswer this question on the scratch paper clearly labeled. e. What are the expected units for k given the time in units of seconds. Answer this question within the test and not on the scratch paper,arrow_forwardExplain how the honeycomb structure affects the rate of the reaction at the molecular level. Use mini-CER format (3 sentences). Claim, evidence, reasoning.arrow_forwardhi, can you help me with a, b and c?arrow_forward
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- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
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ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning