_1SB Acetaminophen Lab Report

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Arizona State University, Tempe *

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Course

235

Subject

Chemistry

Date

Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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8

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BHATT1 Acetaminophen Lab Report CHM 235: Wednesday, 7:30-10:20am, Room H 336; Hood 8 March, 31st, 2023 TA – Margaret Madsen Arizona State University SHREYA BHATT
BHATT 2 Abstract Acetaminophen, also known as paracetamol, is a widely used pain reliever and fever reducer. This lab report describes the synthesis of acetaminophen from p-aminophenol using acetic anhydride as the acetylating agent and phosphoric acid as the catalyst. The reaction was carried out at room temperature and the product was isolated by vacuum filtration and purified by recrystallization. The purity of the final product was confirmed by measuring its melting point and analyzing its IR spectrum. Melting points for crude and pure products were obtained, as well as percent yields of 159% and 71.22%, respectively. The IR spectrum showed bond vibrations similar to a spectrum of pure acetaminophen, which was another way of characterizing the sample. The IR spectrum showed characteristic peaks for the acetaminophen molecule, confirming the success of the synthesis. Introduction Acetaminophen, also known as paracetamol, is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug. It is a widely used over-the-counter medication for the relief of pain and fever. It is classified as an analgesic and antipyretic drug and is typically used to treat headaches, muscle aches, and fever. The chemical name of acetaminophen is N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide and its molecular formula is C8H9NO2. It is a derivative of p-aminophenol and is synthesized through the reaction with acetic anhydride and a catalyst, typically phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid. The reaction is below:-
BHATT 3 The synthesized product is typically a mixture of acetaminophen and unreacted p-aminophenol. Therefore, it is necessary to purify the product through recrystallization. Recrystallization is a common purification technique that involves dissolving the crude product in a suitable solvent and then cooling the solution to allow the crystals to form. The crystals can then be collected through filtration and dried to obtain a pure product. Experimental To synthesize acetaminophen, 0.149 g of p-aminophenol was mixed with 0.3 mL of acetic anhydride, 0.5 ml of water and 2 drops of phosphoric acid in a round-bottom flask. A magnetic stir bar was put into the mixture, and an air condenser was attached. The mixture was heated and stirred using a heat plate and the refluxing technique until all solids were dissolved. After 15 minutes, the flask was cooled so that it’s easy to touch , and the spin vane and air condenser were removed. The mixture was then cooled in an ice bath until crystals formed. Once the crystals were formed, the crystals were filtered using a Hirsch funnel and rinsed with cold water. The crystals were then weighed, crushed, and used for recrystallization, with a small sample collected for obtaining the melting point. The remaining crystals were dissolved in a 50:50 methanol-water solution and cooled to room temperature. The product was filtered again, and the recrystallized product was weighed. Once, the weighing was done the crystals were crushed, and used for obtaining the melting point and then was used for recording the IR spectrum.
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