Alka-Seltzer_Lab_Report
.docx
keyboard_arrow_up
School
Dartmouth College *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
6
Subject
Chemistry
Date
Apr 3, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
5
Uploaded by DeaconSquid4226
ALKA-SELTZER LAB
Introduction
Alka-Seltzer is an antacid and pain reliever that contains three active ingredients: aspirin, sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous citric acid (Netdoctor, 2019). It was first introduced in the 1930s and used as
medication for pain-related issues such as headaches, as well as stomach-related complaints such as indigestion and heartburn (de Abajo et al, 2009). The sodium bicarbonate is considered to have 3 roles: to neutralize stomach acid (which is how the tablet relieves heartburn), to increase the absorption speed of aspirin (which works as a pain reliever), and to react with citric sodium to produce carbon dioxide (de Abajo et al, 2009). Because of its versatility, it was once considered to be a cure all, but studies have shown that it can have adverse side effects including dizziness/passing out, kidney problems and liver problems if taken often. Because of this the drug has been mostly depopularized though it is still accessible over the counter (Netdoctor, 2019). When the tablets a immersed in water, which is how they are usually taken, the carbon dioxide that is released from sodium bicarbonate bubbles out of the liquid. The carbon dioxide lost can be measured and the amount of sodium bicarbonate originally present in the tablet can be determine. In this lab, we will be evaluating the consistency of the percentage of sodium bicarbonate in the tablets.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
4 Alka-Seltzer tablets were obtained and each tablet was weighed and had its mass recorded. One clean,
dry 250mL glass beaker was weighed as well and the mass recorded. After this, 25mL of vinegar was added to the 250mL beaker using a 25mL graduated cylinder. The beaker containing 25mL vinegar was
then weighed and recorded. One tablet was then added to the beaker with the vinegar. About 3-4 minutes after the fixing stopped, the beaker was gently tilted from side to side in a circular motion to react any still powdered Alka-Seltzer that may have been on the sides of the beaker. This was done for the remaining 3 tablets as well. Between trials, the beaker was rinsed out, dried, and reweighed. The RESULTS
Table 1.1
Trial
Mass of Tablet (g)
Mass of beaker (g)
Mass of beaker
& vinegar
Mass of beaker, vinegar and tablet (g)
Mass after bubbling ceases (g)
Mass of CO2 lost (g)
I
3.2505
121.0862
144.3075
147.558
146.5376
1.0204
II
3.3517
121.0787
144.0439
147.2956
146.2947
1.0009
III
3.2780
120.1985
144.2555
147.8330
146.1369
1.6961
IV
3.2879
121.0886
144.9527
148.2406
147.1245
1.1161
Table 1.2
Trial
Mass CO2 lost (g)
Mass of
NaHCO3 (g)
Mass of Tablet (g)
%NaHCO3 in Tablet
I
1.0204
1.9480
3.2505
59.93
II
1.0009
1.9108
3.2517
58.76
III
1.6961
3.2380
3.2780
98.78
IV
1.1161
2.1307
3.2879
64.81
Average
1.2084
2.3069
3.2670
70.57
Standard
Deviation
0.3290
0.6281
0.0188
18.99
Table 1.3
Trial
Mass CO2 lost (g)
Mass of NaHCO3 (g)
Mass of Tablet (g)
%NaHCO3 in Tablet
I
1.0204
1.9480
3.2505
59.93
II
1.0009
1.9108
3.2517
58.76
IV
1.1161
2.1307
3.2879
64.81
Average
1.0458
1.9965
3.2634
61.17
Standard
Deviation
0.0617
0.1177
0.0213
3.205
The data collected for this experiment was recorded in Table 1.1 and Table 1.2. The mass of NaHCO
3 in each tablet was calculated using the equation:
mass of CO
2 lost x molar massNaHCO
3
molar massCO
2
= mass NaHCO
3 in tablet
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
Related Questions
Alkaloids are basic nitrogen-containing compounds of plant origin, many of which are physiologically active when administered to humans. Ingestion of coniine, isolated from water hemlock, can cause weakness, labored respiration, paralysis, and eventually death. Coniine is the toxic substance in the “poison hemlock” used in the death of Socrates. In small doses, nicotine is an addictive stimulant. In larger doses, it causes depression, nausea, and vomiting. In still larger doses, it is a deadly poison. Solutions of nicotine in water are used as insecticides. Cocaine is a central nervous system stimulant obtained from the leaves of the coca plant.Classify each amino group in these alkaloids according to type (primary, secondary, tertiary, aliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic).
arrow_forward
THIS CAN NOT BE HAND DRAWN!
arrow_forward
Estrogens are female sex hormones, the most potent of which is B-estradiol.
OH
AYA
Но
B-Estradiol
In recent years, chemists have focused on designing and synthesizing molecules that
bind to estrogen receptors. One target of this research has been nonsteroidal estrogen
antagonists, compounds that interact with estrogen receptors and block the effects of
both endogenous and exogenous estrogens. A feature common to one type of nonste-
roidal estrogen antagonist is the presence of a 1,2-diphenylethylene with one of the
benzene rings bearing a dialkylaminoethoxyl substituent. The first nonsteroidal estrogen
antagonist of this type to achieve clinical importance was tamoxifen, now an important
drug in the treatment of breast cancer. Tamoxifen has the Z configuration shown here.
NMeg
A
B
NMeg ?
ОН
Tamoxifen
Propose reagents for the conversion of A to tamoxifen. Note: The final step in this
synthesis gives a mixture of E and Z isomers.
arrow_forward
2. What quantity should be dispensed when 50 mg of amitryptyline has been prescribed two times per
day for 2 weeks, if the medication shown below is all that is available?
Amitriptyline HCI
Tablets, USP
25 mg
1000 TABLETS
R only
0781-1487-10 6
Each tablet contains: Amitriptyline HCI, USP
Usual Dosage: See package insert.
Store at controlled room temperature 150-30°C (59⁰.
86°F). Dispense in a tight, light-resistant container.
KEEP THIS AND ALL DRUGS OUT OF THE REACH
OF CHILDREN.
Rev. 09-2001M
Manufactured By
Geneva Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Broomfield, CO 80020
25 mg
Geneva SPECIMEN
PHARMACEUTICALS
arrow_forward
please help me with this... will give helpful rating later.
arrow_forward
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, often referred to as NSAIDS, are
commonly used to treat minor aches and pains. Four of the most common
NSAIDS are:
CH3
H
нн
H
H.
H3C.
OH
CH3
HO.
H
H
CH3
Acetylsalicylic acid
(aspirin)
Ibuprofen
(Advil, Nuprin, Motrin)
H
H.
H
H.
ОН
H3C
Н.
H.
HO.
H.
H
H
CH3
H
H3C
Naproxen
(Naprosyn, Aleve)
Acetaminophen
(Tylenol)
(a) How many sp3-hybridized carbons are present in aspirin?
(b) How many sp2-hybridized carbons are present in naproxen?
(c) What is the molecular formula of acetaminophen?
(d) Aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen are all believed to target the
same enzyme, cyclooxygenase, which produces substances called
prostaglandins, that mediate inflammation. Discuss
in the structures of these drugs.
any
similarities
arrow_forward
The compounds Se2S6 and Se2S4 have been shown to be antidandruff agents. What are their names?
Se2S6
Se2S4
eTextbook and Media
Hint
Save for Later
Attempts: 2 of 15 used
19
étv N
MacBook Air
arrow_forward
Show the solution properly. Thank you.
arrow_forward
Which of the following compounds has a different classification according to their solubility?
ac
NH₂
НО.
HS
OH
OH
OH
NH₂
F
arrow_forward
Balance the following redox reactions, to their simplest form, by supplying the correct coefficients before
each compound for #s 1-15. The unknown coefficients of the compounds should be whole numbers.
Note: The reactions below are not yet balanced.
arrow_forward
could i get help with questions 4-5 please
arrow_forward
1
arrow_forward
What metabolic reaction is illustrated by the image below? *
СООН
СООН
-OCOCH3
CH,COOH
он
+
Ester hydrolysis
Decarboxylation
Nitro- reduction
Deamination
Azo reduction
arrow_forward
Refer to the following information to answer questions 1 to 9:
As a biotechnologist working for a pharmaceutical company, you as tasked with preparing the cardiac antiarrhythmic
agent Amelfolide from p-nitrobenzyl chloride and 2,6-dimethyl aniline (Figure 2.1). You are provided the starting
materials and asked to prepare 7.50g of pure material. No other instructions are given to you.
MW 2,6-dimethylaniline = 121.18 g/mol
MW p-nitrobenzyl chloride = 185.56 g/mol
MW Amelfoliode = 270.29 g/mol
%3D
NH2
CI
O2N
O2N
When developing a synthetic scheme, the first thing to do is check the scientific literature to see if someone has done
this reaction before you. Upon performing a literature search, you identify a publication where a group from Japan has
performed the same reaction you are tasked with completing. The paper is in Japanese and you cannot read the
details of the procedure, however, you can make out that the reaction is performed using DCM as the solvent and
proceeds with a yield of…
arrow_forward
( asap in detail plz )
arrow_forward
OPh
OPh
D
CI
Br
N
E
N
Но
o-SiMeg
OH
OPh
OPh
F
NH2
Но
N
Но
OH
OH
A
V ( Choose ]
Bu4N+ F-
МСРВА (Ваyer villager)
Mg, then CO2 (Kobe!!!!)
NH3 (SNAR)
H2S04, Heat (Fisher esterification)
03, DMS (ozonalysis)
Choose
(Choose )
E
[ Choose )
F
[ Choose )
B.
arrow_forward
assign the acid its appropriate pKa
arrow_forward
Please refer to the image attached below and answer the following question. Thanks
What referrals would you give to her and in what order?
arrow_forward
N5
arrow_forward
Part A
The chemical 5-amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione, better known
as luminol, is used by forensic scientists in analyzing crime scenes for
the presence of washed-away blood. Luminol is so sensitive that it can
detect blood that has been diluted 10,000 times. A basic solution of
luminol is often sprayed onto surfaces that are suspected of containing
minute amounts of blood.
The forensic technician at a crime scene has just prepared a luminol stock solution by adding 15.0 g of luminol into a total volume of 75.0 mL of H2O.
What is the molarity of the stock solution of luminol?
Express your answer with the appropriate units.
Luminol has a molecular weight of 177 g/mol.
• View Available Hint(s)
HẢ
molarity of luminol solution =
Value
Units
Submit
Part B
Before investigating the scene, the technician must dilute the luminol solution to a concentration of 6.00x10-2 M. The diluted solution is then placed in a spray bottle
for application on the desired surfaces.
How many moles of…
arrow_forward
Hi, I need help with this step-by-step please thank you.
arrow_forward
Resources
Old Mo odle أنظمة التعم الإلكترولى إدماج التعلم الإلكترولی
Cour
The order from high to low of ointment bases in terms of affinity to water:
Select one:
O a.
water removable > water soluble > absorption base > oleaginous
O b. water soluble > water removable > absorption > oleaginous
O c. Absorption base > oleaginous > water soluble > water removable
O d. oleaginous > absorption > water soluble > water removable
arrow_forward
Match set A (common active ingredients of insect repellants) to set B (known
properties). Then, match set B to set C (structure). Then, match set C to set A.
Set A
Set B
1. Citriodiol
a. Considered as biopesticide
b. Lemon eucalyptus oil
c. Gold standard repellant
2. Picaridin
3. DEET
4. Citronellol and Geraniol
5. IR-3535
d. Citronella oil
e. Repellant of choice
for malarial prevention
Set C
CH3
а.
d.
CH3
HO
OH
H3C
CH3
H3C
CH3
b.
е.
с.
OH
OH
arrow_forward
Name:
IDENTIFYING CONTROLS & VARIABLES
Krusty Krabs Breath Mints
Mr. Krabs created a secret ingredient for a breath mint that he thinks will "cure"
the bad breath people get from eating crabby patties at the Krusty Krab. He
asked 100 customers with a history of bad breath to try his new breath mint. He
had 50 customers (Group A) eat a breath mint after they finished eating a crabby
patty. The other 50 (Group B) also received a breath mint after they finished the
crabby patty; however, it was just a regular breath mint and did not have the
secret ingredient. Both groups were told that they were getting
breath mint that would cure their bad breath.
Two hours after eating the crabby patties, 30 customers in Group A and 10 customers in Group B reported
having better breath than they normally had after eating crabby patties.
1. Which people are in the control group?
2. What is the independent variable? nreath ma
3. What is the dependent variable? bed breath
4. What should Mr. Krabs'…
arrow_forward
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305580350
Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Related Questions
- Alkaloids are basic nitrogen-containing compounds of plant origin, many of which are physiologically active when administered to humans. Ingestion of coniine, isolated from water hemlock, can cause weakness, labored respiration, paralysis, and eventually death. Coniine is the toxic substance in the “poison hemlock” used in the death of Socrates. In small doses, nicotine is an addictive stimulant. In larger doses, it causes depression, nausea, and vomiting. In still larger doses, it is a deadly poison. Solutions of nicotine in water are used as insecticides. Cocaine is a central nervous system stimulant obtained from the leaves of the coca plant.Classify each amino group in these alkaloids according to type (primary, secondary, tertiary, aliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic).arrow_forwardTHIS CAN NOT BE HAND DRAWN!arrow_forwardEstrogens are female sex hormones, the most potent of which is B-estradiol. OH AYA Но B-Estradiol In recent years, chemists have focused on designing and synthesizing molecules that bind to estrogen receptors. One target of this research has been nonsteroidal estrogen antagonists, compounds that interact with estrogen receptors and block the effects of both endogenous and exogenous estrogens. A feature common to one type of nonste- roidal estrogen antagonist is the presence of a 1,2-diphenylethylene with one of the benzene rings bearing a dialkylaminoethoxyl substituent. The first nonsteroidal estrogen antagonist of this type to achieve clinical importance was tamoxifen, now an important drug in the treatment of breast cancer. Tamoxifen has the Z configuration shown here. NMeg A B NMeg ? ОН Tamoxifen Propose reagents for the conversion of A to tamoxifen. Note: The final step in this synthesis gives a mixture of E and Z isomers.arrow_forward
- 2. What quantity should be dispensed when 50 mg of amitryptyline has been prescribed two times per day for 2 weeks, if the medication shown below is all that is available? Amitriptyline HCI Tablets, USP 25 mg 1000 TABLETS R only 0781-1487-10 6 Each tablet contains: Amitriptyline HCI, USP Usual Dosage: See package insert. Store at controlled room temperature 150-30°C (59⁰. 86°F). Dispense in a tight, light-resistant container. KEEP THIS AND ALL DRUGS OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. Rev. 09-2001M Manufactured By Geneva Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Broomfield, CO 80020 25 mg Geneva SPECIMEN PHARMACEUTICALSarrow_forwardplease help me with this... will give helpful rating later.arrow_forwardNonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, often referred to as NSAIDS, are commonly used to treat minor aches and pains. Four of the most common NSAIDS are: CH3 H нн H H. H3C. OH CH3 HO. H H CH3 Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) Ibuprofen (Advil, Nuprin, Motrin) H H. H H. ОН H3C Н. H. HO. H. H H CH3 H H3C Naproxen (Naprosyn, Aleve) Acetaminophen (Tylenol) (a) How many sp3-hybridized carbons are present in aspirin? (b) How many sp2-hybridized carbons are present in naproxen? (c) What is the molecular formula of acetaminophen? (d) Aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen are all believed to target the same enzyme, cyclooxygenase, which produces substances called prostaglandins, that mediate inflammation. Discuss in the structures of these drugs. any similaritiesarrow_forward
- The compounds Se2S6 and Se2S4 have been shown to be antidandruff agents. What are their names? Se2S6 Se2S4 eTextbook and Media Hint Save for Later Attempts: 2 of 15 used 19 étv N MacBook Airarrow_forwardShow the solution properly. Thank you.arrow_forwardWhich of the following compounds has a different classification according to their solubility? ac NH₂ НО. HS OH OH OH NH₂ Farrow_forward
- Balance the following redox reactions, to their simplest form, by supplying the correct coefficients before each compound for #s 1-15. The unknown coefficients of the compounds should be whole numbers. Note: The reactions below are not yet balanced.arrow_forwardcould i get help with questions 4-5 pleasearrow_forward1arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305580350
Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
Publisher:Cengage Learning