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ALKA-SELTZER LAB
Introduction
Alka-Seltzer is an antacid and pain reliever that contains three active ingredients: aspirin, sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous citric acid (Netdoctor, 2019). It was first introduced in the 1930s and used as
medication for pain-related issues such as headaches, as well as stomach-related complaints such as indigestion and heartburn (de Abajo et al, 2009). The sodium bicarbonate is considered to have 3 roles: to neutralize stomach acid (which is how the tablet relieves heartburn), to increase the absorption speed of aspirin (which works as a pain reliever), and to react with citric sodium to produce carbon dioxide (de Abajo et al, 2009). Because of its versatility, it was once considered to be a cure all, but studies have shown that it can have adverse side effects including dizziness/passing out, kidney problems and liver problems if taken often. Because of this the drug has been mostly depopularized though it is still accessible over the counter (Netdoctor, 2019). When the tablets a immersed in water, which is how they are usually taken, the carbon dioxide that is released from sodium bicarbonate bubbles out of the liquid. The carbon dioxide lost can be measured and the amount of sodium bicarbonate originally present in the tablet can be determine. In this lab, we will be evaluating the consistency of the percentage of sodium bicarbonate in the tablets.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
4 Alka-Seltzer tablets were obtained and each tablet was weighed and had its mass recorded. One clean,
dry 250mL glass beaker was weighed as well and the mass recorded. After this, 25mL of vinegar was added to the 250mL beaker using a 25mL graduated cylinder. The beaker containing 25mL vinegar was
then weighed and recorded. One tablet was then added to the beaker with the vinegar. About 3-4 minutes after the fixing stopped, the beaker was gently tilted from side to side in a circular motion to react any still powdered Alka-Seltzer that may have been on the sides of the beaker. This was done for the remaining 3 tablets as well. Between trials, the beaker was rinsed out, dried, and reweighed. The RESULTS
Table 1.1
Trial
Mass of Tablet (g)
Mass of beaker (g)
Mass of beaker
& vinegar
Mass of beaker, vinegar and tablet (g)
Mass after bubbling ceases (g)
Mass of CO2 lost (g)
I
3.2505
121.0862
144.3075
147.558
146.5376
1.0204
II
3.3517
121.0787
144.0439
147.2956
146.2947
1.0009
III
3.2780
120.1985
144.2555
147.8330
146.1369
1.6961
IV
3.2879
121.0886
144.9527
148.2406
147.1245
1.1161
Table 1.2
Trial
Mass CO2 lost (g)
Mass of
NaHCO3 (g)
Mass of Tablet (g)
%NaHCO3 in Tablet
I
1.0204
1.9480
3.2505
59.93
II
1.0009
1.9108
3.2517
58.76
III
1.6961
3.2380
3.2780
98.78
IV
1.1161
2.1307
3.2879
64.81
Average
1.2084
2.3069
3.2670
70.57
Standard
Deviation
0.3290
0.6281
0.0188
18.99
Table 1.3
Trial
Mass CO2 lost (g)
Mass of NaHCO3 (g)
Mass of Tablet (g)
%NaHCO3 in Tablet
I
1.0204
1.9480
3.2505
59.93
II
1.0009
1.9108
3.2517
58.76
IV
1.1161
2.1307
3.2879
64.81
Average
1.0458
1.9965
3.2634
61.17
Standard
Deviation
0.0617
0.1177
0.0213
3.205
The data collected for this experiment was recorded in Table 1.1 and Table 1.2. The mass of NaHCO
3 in each tablet was calculated using the equation:
mass of CO
2 lost x molar massNaHCO
3
molar massCO
2
= mass NaHCO
3 in tablet
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The percentage NaHCO
3 present was calculated again using the equation:
% NaHCO
3 = mass NaHCO
3
original massof tablet
x 100
DISCUSSION
The goal of this lab was to evaluate the consistency of the percentage of sodium bicarbonate in a few Alka-Seltzer tablets. The experiment went well and yielded expected results, with only one possible error for Trial III which yielded a 98.78% of NaHCO
3
, which was much higher than the rest of trials. This could have been caused by an incomplete reaction between the tablet and the water upon weighing. Basing on Trials I, II and IV (Table 1.3) which were more precise, we found that the percentage of sodium
bicarbonate was not exactly consistent but did fall in the same range which was 59-65%. The standard deviation was fairly low (3.205), indicating that our results were clustered around the mean of 61.17%. The results of the experiment could have been better if the Alka-Seltzer tablets were left in the water for
a longer period of time to ensure that all of the powdered Alka-Seltzer reacted before weighing. The lab could have also been more informative if more than four trials were taken.
CONCLUSION
The percentage of sodium bicarbonate in a few Alka-Seltzer tablets is not consistent but varies per tablet. However, the variations seem to be clustered around a mean value.
REFERENCES
de Abajo, F.,J., & García Rodríguez, L.,A. (2009). The continuing unacceptable marketing of alka-seltzer [trademark] containing aspirin for stomach-related disorders: An international journal of medical toxicology and drug experience.
Drug Safety, 32
(7), 619-21. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002018-200932070-00008 Netdoctor (2019, June 17). Alka-Seltzer Original
. Netdoctor. Retrieved November 12, 2021, from https://www.netdoctor.co.uk/medicines/aches-pains/a8379/alka-seltzer-original/.
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