Alka-Seltzer_Lab_Report
docx
School
Dartmouth College *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
6
Subject
Chemistry
Date
Apr 3, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
5
Uploaded by DeaconSquid4226
ALKA-SELTZER LAB
Introduction
Alka-Seltzer is an antacid and pain reliever that contains three active ingredients: aspirin, sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous citric acid (Netdoctor, 2019). It was first introduced in the 1930s and used as
medication for pain-related issues such as headaches, as well as stomach-related complaints such as indigestion and heartburn (de Abajo et al, 2009). The sodium bicarbonate is considered to have 3 roles: to neutralize stomach acid (which is how the tablet relieves heartburn), to increase the absorption speed of aspirin (which works as a pain reliever), and to react with citric sodium to produce carbon dioxide (de Abajo et al, 2009). Because of its versatility, it was once considered to be a cure all, but studies have shown that it can have adverse side effects including dizziness/passing out, kidney problems and liver problems if taken often. Because of this the drug has been mostly depopularized though it is still accessible over the counter (Netdoctor, 2019). When the tablets a immersed in water, which is how they are usually taken, the carbon dioxide that is released from sodium bicarbonate bubbles out of the liquid. The carbon dioxide lost can be measured and the amount of sodium bicarbonate originally present in the tablet can be determine. In this lab, we will be evaluating the consistency of the percentage of sodium bicarbonate in the tablets.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
4 Alka-Seltzer tablets were obtained and each tablet was weighed and had its mass recorded. One clean,
dry 250mL glass beaker was weighed as well and the mass recorded. After this, 25mL of vinegar was added to the 250mL beaker using a 25mL graduated cylinder. The beaker containing 25mL vinegar was
then weighed and recorded. One tablet was then added to the beaker with the vinegar. About 3-4 minutes after the fixing stopped, the beaker was gently tilted from side to side in a circular motion to react any still powdered Alka-Seltzer that may have been on the sides of the beaker. This was done for the remaining 3 tablets as well. Between trials, the beaker was rinsed out, dried, and reweighed. The RESULTS
Table 1.1
Trial
Mass of Tablet (g)
Mass of beaker (g)
Mass of beaker
& vinegar
Mass of beaker, vinegar and tablet (g)
Mass after bubbling ceases (g)
Mass of CO2 lost (g)
I
3.2505
121.0862
144.3075
147.558
146.5376
1.0204
II
3.3517
121.0787
144.0439
147.2956
146.2947
1.0009
III
3.2780
120.1985
144.2555
147.8330
146.1369
1.6961
IV
3.2879
121.0886
144.9527
148.2406
147.1245
1.1161
Table 1.2
Trial
Mass CO2 lost (g)
Mass of
NaHCO3 (g)
Mass of Tablet (g)
%NaHCO3 in Tablet
I
1.0204
1.9480
3.2505
59.93
II
1.0009
1.9108
3.2517
58.76
III
1.6961
3.2380
3.2780
98.78
IV
1.1161
2.1307
3.2879
64.81
Average
1.2084
2.3069
3.2670
70.57
Standard
Deviation
0.3290
0.6281
0.0188
18.99
Table 1.3
Trial
Mass CO2 lost (g)
Mass of NaHCO3 (g)
Mass of Tablet (g)
%NaHCO3 in Tablet
I
1.0204
1.9480
3.2505
59.93
II
1.0009
1.9108
3.2517
58.76
IV
1.1161
2.1307
3.2879
64.81
Average
1.0458
1.9965
3.2634
61.17
Standard
Deviation
0.0617
0.1177
0.0213
3.205
The data collected for this experiment was recorded in Table 1.1 and Table 1.2. The mass of NaHCO
3 in each tablet was calculated using the equation:
mass of CO
2 lost x molar massNaHCO
3
molar massCO
2
= mass NaHCO
3 in tablet
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
The percentage NaHCO
3 present was calculated again using the equation:
% NaHCO
3 = mass NaHCO
3
original massof tablet
x 100
DISCUSSION
The goal of this lab was to evaluate the consistency of the percentage of sodium bicarbonate in a few Alka-Seltzer tablets. The experiment went well and yielded expected results, with only one possible error for Trial III which yielded a 98.78% of NaHCO
3
, which was much higher than the rest of trials. This could have been caused by an incomplete reaction between the tablet and the water upon weighing. Basing on Trials I, II and IV (Table 1.3) which were more precise, we found that the percentage of sodium
bicarbonate was not exactly consistent but did fall in the same range which was 59-65%. The standard deviation was fairly low (3.205), indicating that our results were clustered around the mean of 61.17%. The results of the experiment could have been better if the Alka-Seltzer tablets were left in the water for
a longer period of time to ensure that all of the powdered Alka-Seltzer reacted before weighing. The lab could have also been more informative if more than four trials were taken.
CONCLUSION
The percentage of sodium bicarbonate in a few Alka-Seltzer tablets is not consistent but varies per tablet. However, the variations seem to be clustered around a mean value.
REFERENCES
de Abajo, F.,J., & García Rodríguez, L.,A. (2009). The continuing unacceptable marketing of alka-seltzer [trademark] containing aspirin for stomach-related disorders: An international journal of medical toxicology and drug experience.
Drug Safety, 32
(7), 619-21. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002018-200932070-00008 Netdoctor (2019, June 17). Alka-Seltzer Original
. Netdoctor. Retrieved November 12, 2021, from https://www.netdoctor.co.uk/medicines/aches-pains/a8379/alka-seltzer-original/.
Related Documents
Related Questions
Chemistry
You are the only doctor in a clinic that is cut off from the outside world by violent storms and landslides.
A 30-year-old woman suffering from tachycardia is brought in. You can see she is likely to die without
treatment, and although you have very few drugs, you have propranolol, a beta blocker, in injectable
vials. You decide to give the woman intravenous propranolol. The pharmacokinetics of
propranolol include a clearance of 50L/hour and a half-life of 3 hours.
If an intravenous infusion of propranolol is started at a rate of 0.5mg/minute, approximately how long
would it take to reach 93.75% of the final steady-state concentration?
3 hours
50 minutes
It would depend on the dosage
12 hours
arrow_forward
THIS CAN NOT BE HAND DRAWN!
arrow_forward
Dangerous Paint Stripper Jessica has a summer job working for the
city parks program. She has been using a cleaner called “Graffiti Gone” to
remove graffiti from the bathrooms. She has to take a lot of breaks, because
the chemical makes her throat burn. It also makes her feel dizzy sometimes,
especially when the bathrooms don’t have very many windows. On the label, she
sees that the cleaner has methylene chloride in it. She feels like she’s
managing to get the work done, but she is worried about feeling dizzy. She
wants to find out more about this chemical, what harm it can cause, and
whether there are safer ways to do this work.
Questions for following story.
1. What went right in this situation?
2. What went wrong in this situation?
3. What steps should be taken in this workplace to make sure employees are
better protected and prepared the next time?
arrow_forward
Estrogens are female sex hormones, the most potent of which is B-estradiol.
OH
AYA
Но
B-Estradiol
In recent years, chemists have focused on designing and synthesizing molecules that
bind to estrogen receptors. One target of this research has been nonsteroidal estrogen
antagonists, compounds that interact with estrogen receptors and block the effects of
both endogenous and exogenous estrogens. A feature common to one type of nonste-
roidal estrogen antagonist is the presence of a 1,2-diphenylethylene with one of the
benzene rings bearing a dialkylaminoethoxyl substituent. The first nonsteroidal estrogen
antagonist of this type to achieve clinical importance was tamoxifen, now an important
drug in the treatment of breast cancer. Tamoxifen has the Z configuration shown here.
NMeg
A
B
NMeg ?
ОН
Tamoxifen
Propose reagents for the conversion of A to tamoxifen. Note: The final step in this
synthesis gives a mixture of E and Z isomers.
arrow_forward
Calculus Preface (?)
Brytwave Blackboard
Quizlet
Clutch
E Knowledge Check
Question 9
Black Forest Biologicals, a biotech startup, has a promising Alzheimer's drug candidate Compound SLT-88 entering Phase I trials this year. SLT-88 is the only
product formed by the reaction of two precursor compounds A and B, both of which are quite expensive. The chief medicinal chemist of Black Forest is trying
out different reaction conditions to minimize the cost of manufacturing SLT-88.
In the table below are listed the initial and final amounts of A and B used under two different trial conditions, and also the actual amount of SLT-88 recovered in
each case. Complete the table by calculating the theoretical yield of SLT-88 and the percent yield of SLT-88. Round your amounts to the nearest milligram and
your percentages to the nearest whole percent.
amount of A
amount of B
yield of SLT-88
Trial
initial
final
initial
final
theoretical
actual
1000. mg
0 mg
550. mg
286. mg
999. mg
150. mg
0 mg
1000. mg…
arrow_forward
The compounds Se2S6 and Se2S4 have been shown to be antidandruff agents. What are their names?
Se2S6
Se2S4
eTextbook and Media
Hint
Save for Later
Attempts: 2 of 15 used
19
étv N
MacBook Air
arrow_forward
I am getting confused on how to solve this problem.
arrow_forward
could i get help with questions 4-5 please
arrow_forward
1
arrow_forward
Search for Life Transfer Task 2 - Salt Substitute
The American Heart Association says that
at greater risk for high blood pressure as a result of eating salt.
According to their website, "as little as one extra gram (half a
teaspoon) of table salt could raise blood pressure as much as 5 mm
Hg" compared to people who do not have this gene (heart.org,
2021). Table salt is made from Na & Cl ions, and there may be
substitutes for it to be used in cooking that do not contain sodium.
Sodium (Na) is the damaging part of table salt.
Americans may be
Nu
Sait
TSUESTTUTE
Answer the prompts below to address the following question:
What could be a substitute for sodium in table salt?
1. Which of the following questions could help you determine which
element could be used as a substitute for sodium in table salt? (choose all that apply
A. Do some elements have the same number of valence electrons as sodium?
B. Are some elements more common on Earth than sodium?
C. Do some elements combine to form…
arrow_forward
Benzoic acid and water were added to the test tube labeled "b.a." After stirring the
mixture, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) vas added until the solid disappeared. Finally,
hydrochloric acid was added drop by drop until blue litmus paper turned red. The
solid present in the test tube after the addition of HCI is most likely:
benzoic acid
benzyl acetate
O benzyl chloride
sodium benzoate
arrow_forward
1) Hydrolysis of Methyl Salicylate: Methyl Salicylate (C8H8O3) + sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) -> sodium Salicylate (
NaC7H5O3) + Methanol (CH3OH) 2) Acidification of Sodium Salicylate: Sodium salicylate (NaC7H5O3) + HCL ->
Salicylic acid (C7H603) + sodium chloride (NaCL) Could you find the theoretical yield for me? 2.15g of methyl salicylate was used. 25ml of sodium hydroxide (2m solution) was used for hydrolysis and 2ml of hydrochloric acid was
used for the acidification. This produced a yield of 1.53g of salicylic acid.
arrow_forward
>
1
arrow_forward
Please refer to the image attached below and answer the following question. Thanks
What referrals would you give to her and in what order?
arrow_forward
Please answer fast
arrow_forward
Resources
Old Mo odle أنظمة التعم الإلكترولى إدماج التعلم الإلكترولی
Cour
The order from high to low of ointment bases in terms of affinity to water:
Select one:
O a.
water removable > water soluble > absorption base > oleaginous
O b. water soluble > water removable > absorption > oleaginous
O c. Absorption base > oleaginous > water soluble > water removable
O d. oleaginous > absorption > water soluble > water removable
arrow_forward
For part B, it is not 4.98 x 10-41. I put it in and it was wrong. It is looking for P1.
arrow_forward
How can we solve these parts ?
arrow_forward
Please help me with these chemistry worksheets
arrow_forward
السلم
Br
HO
1. NaBH4 (0.25 eq.), H₂O
2.
1.
1.
MgBr (1 eq.),
CH3CH₂OCH₂CH3
MgBr (xs), Et₂O
2. DCI, D₂O
Br
.
Mgº (1 eq.)
2. CH₂CH₂OCH₂CH3
MgBr (excess)
CH3CH₂OCH₂CH3
arrow_forward
20) 0,5 M H2S çözeltisindeki S2-(suda) derişimi nedir?
H2S(suda) + H2O (s)
HS (suda) + H2O (s)
H3O+ (suda) + HS (suda)
H3O+ (suda) + S²- (suda)
Ka,1 = 1,0 x 10-7
Ka,2 = 1,0 x 10-19
A) 1,5 x 10-5 M
B) 2,2 × 10-4 M
C) 1,0 x 10-19 M
D) 2,3 x 10-10 M
E) 1,7 × 10-7 M
arrow_forward
Procaine (its hydrochloride is marketed as Novocain) was one of the first local anesthet-
ics for infiltration and regional anesthesia. See "Chemical Connections: From Cocaine
to Procaine and Beyond."According to the following retrosynthetic scheme, procaine
can be synthesized from 4-aminobenzoic acid, ethylene oxide, and diethylamine as
sources of carbon atoms.
HO.
+ HO
NEt,
H,N
H,N'
Procaine
4-Aminobenzoic acid
Et,NH
Ethylene oxide Diethylamine
Provide reagents and experimental conditions to carry out the synthesis of procaine
from these three compounds.
arrow_forward
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you

Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305580350
Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Principles of Modern Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079113
Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285869759
Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Related Questions
- Chemistry You are the only doctor in a clinic that is cut off from the outside world by violent storms and landslides. A 30-year-old woman suffering from tachycardia is brought in. You can see she is likely to die without treatment, and although you have very few drugs, you have propranolol, a beta blocker, in injectable vials. You decide to give the woman intravenous propranolol. The pharmacokinetics of propranolol include a clearance of 50L/hour and a half-life of 3 hours. If an intravenous infusion of propranolol is started at a rate of 0.5mg/minute, approximately how long would it take to reach 93.75% of the final steady-state concentration? 3 hours 50 minutes It would depend on the dosage 12 hoursarrow_forwardTHIS CAN NOT BE HAND DRAWN!arrow_forwardDangerous Paint Stripper Jessica has a summer job working for the city parks program. She has been using a cleaner called “Graffiti Gone” to remove graffiti from the bathrooms. She has to take a lot of breaks, because the chemical makes her throat burn. It also makes her feel dizzy sometimes, especially when the bathrooms don’t have very many windows. On the label, she sees that the cleaner has methylene chloride in it. She feels like she’s managing to get the work done, but she is worried about feeling dizzy. She wants to find out more about this chemical, what harm it can cause, and whether there are safer ways to do this work. Questions for following story. 1. What went right in this situation? 2. What went wrong in this situation? 3. What steps should be taken in this workplace to make sure employees are better protected and prepared the next time?arrow_forward
- Estrogens are female sex hormones, the most potent of which is B-estradiol. OH AYA Но B-Estradiol In recent years, chemists have focused on designing and synthesizing molecules that bind to estrogen receptors. One target of this research has been nonsteroidal estrogen antagonists, compounds that interact with estrogen receptors and block the effects of both endogenous and exogenous estrogens. A feature common to one type of nonste- roidal estrogen antagonist is the presence of a 1,2-diphenylethylene with one of the benzene rings bearing a dialkylaminoethoxyl substituent. The first nonsteroidal estrogen antagonist of this type to achieve clinical importance was tamoxifen, now an important drug in the treatment of breast cancer. Tamoxifen has the Z configuration shown here. NMeg A B NMeg ? ОН Tamoxifen Propose reagents for the conversion of A to tamoxifen. Note: The final step in this synthesis gives a mixture of E and Z isomers.arrow_forwardCalculus Preface (?) Brytwave Blackboard Quizlet Clutch E Knowledge Check Question 9 Black Forest Biologicals, a biotech startup, has a promising Alzheimer's drug candidate Compound SLT-88 entering Phase I trials this year. SLT-88 is the only product formed by the reaction of two precursor compounds A and B, both of which are quite expensive. The chief medicinal chemist of Black Forest is trying out different reaction conditions to minimize the cost of manufacturing SLT-88. In the table below are listed the initial and final amounts of A and B used under two different trial conditions, and also the actual amount of SLT-88 recovered in each case. Complete the table by calculating the theoretical yield of SLT-88 and the percent yield of SLT-88. Round your amounts to the nearest milligram and your percentages to the nearest whole percent. amount of A amount of B yield of SLT-88 Trial initial final initial final theoretical actual 1000. mg 0 mg 550. mg 286. mg 999. mg 150. mg 0 mg 1000. mg…arrow_forwardThe compounds Se2S6 and Se2S4 have been shown to be antidandruff agents. What are their names? Se2S6 Se2S4 eTextbook and Media Hint Save for Later Attempts: 2 of 15 used 19 étv N MacBook Airarrow_forward
- Search for Life Transfer Task 2 - Salt Substitute The American Heart Association says that at greater risk for high blood pressure as a result of eating salt. According to their website, "as little as one extra gram (half a teaspoon) of table salt could raise blood pressure as much as 5 mm Hg" compared to people who do not have this gene (heart.org, 2021). Table salt is made from Na & Cl ions, and there may be substitutes for it to be used in cooking that do not contain sodium. Sodium (Na) is the damaging part of table salt. Americans may be Nu Sait TSUESTTUTE Answer the prompts below to address the following question: What could be a substitute for sodium in table salt? 1. Which of the following questions could help you determine which element could be used as a substitute for sodium in table salt? (choose all that apply A. Do some elements have the same number of valence electrons as sodium? B. Are some elements more common on Earth than sodium? C. Do some elements combine to form…arrow_forwardBenzoic acid and water were added to the test tube labeled "b.a." After stirring the mixture, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) vas added until the solid disappeared. Finally, hydrochloric acid was added drop by drop until blue litmus paper turned red. The solid present in the test tube after the addition of HCI is most likely: benzoic acid benzyl acetate O benzyl chloride sodium benzoatearrow_forward1) Hydrolysis of Methyl Salicylate: Methyl Salicylate (C8H8O3) + sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) -> sodium Salicylate ( NaC7H5O3) + Methanol (CH3OH) 2) Acidification of Sodium Salicylate: Sodium salicylate (NaC7H5O3) + HCL -> Salicylic acid (C7H603) + sodium chloride (NaCL) Could you find the theoretical yield for me? 2.15g of methyl salicylate was used. 25ml of sodium hydroxide (2m solution) was used for hydrolysis and 2ml of hydrochloric acid was used for the acidification. This produced a yield of 1.53g of salicylic acid.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning

Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305580350
Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Principles of Modern Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079113
Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285869759
Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning