dry lab

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Coastline Community College *

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110

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Chemistry

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Apr 3, 2024

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pdf

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6

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Vanessa Madrigal Professor Mohammad Shahin Chemistry 110 March 12, 2024 Dry Activity/ Experiment: Density and Buoyancy Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to look at different techniques to measure volume. The first technique is the dimensional calculation and the second technique is water displacement. Another purpose is to calculate and record densities (for solids and liquids) as well as using density to differentiate samples. Methodology Part one: I will choose a cylindrical object (stir rod)and record the mass in grams. Then, I will measure the height and the diameter. After I have my measurements, I will calculate the volume, surface area and density of the cylindrical object. Then I will choose a second cylindrical object and repeat all these steps to find the measurements and calculations. Part two: One the web, I will open a link that will take me to a simulation lab. In this simulation lab, I will measure 5 random objects. I will first weigh the objects individually on a balance to find the mass. Then I will find the volume of each object by placing each one in a pool, but first I must read the volume of the water in the pool before placing the object inside. Then I will determine the change in water height by using volume displacement. Lastly, I will calculate the density for each object. Part three: First I must obtain rubbing alcohol, table salt, and water. Then I will take a 10mL graduated cylinder and record the weight on an electronic balance in grams. Next, I will prepare 0.50g of table salt. Once prepared, I will take the table salt and add it to the graduated cylinder. After that I will add 5m; of water to the graduated cylinder and I will record the volume. Then I will swirl the cylinder to mix the solution. Then I will record the mass of the cylinder with the salt solution in grams on the balance. Once I finish, I will clean the graduated cylinder and repeat these steps for water and rubbing alcohol. I will record the volume and mass with 5mL of rubbing alcohol in the graduated cylinder. Lastly, I will measure the mass and volume with 5mL of water also. To achieve the experiments purpose:
I will practice using the different techniques to measure volume in both part one and part two of the lab. I will be using dimensional calculations for two objects that I choose. I will also calculate the density for the objects. In part two, I will practice water displacement by recording the initial volume and final volume. I will also practice how to calculate density in part two. I will also measure different plastic samples in this experiment. Pre-lab Questions: 1.Two different liquids, X and Y, have densities of 0.781 g/mL and 0.127 g/mL respectively. When the liquids are combined, one liquid floats atop the other. Which liquid is the top layer? - Liquids with a higher density will sink to the bottom, so since liquid X has a higher density, liquid Y will form the top layer. 2.Why must the level of liquid in a graduated cylinder be measured by viewing it parallel to the liquid level? - If you view it from the top, the measurement may appear lower and viewing it from the bottom may make the measurement seem higher, so viewing it from parallel to the liquid will avoid this error. 3.What is the mass of an 18 cm cube of iron if the density of iron is 7.87 g/cm3? Given: Density of iron = 7.87 g/cm^3 18 cm cube Step 1: Volume of a cube = a^3 Volume of iron cube =18 cm ^ 3 = 5832 cm^3 Step 2: Density = mass/volume 7.87 g/cm^3 / 5832 cm^3 = 45897.8 grams 4.An empty graduated cylinder has a mass of 30.760 g. 50.0 mL of an unknown liquid are added and the mass increases to 72.810 g. What is the density of the unknown liquid? Given: Empty cylinder = 30.760 g 50.0 mL added to cylinder Mass increased to 72.810 Step 1: mass of liquid = total mass
mass of empty cylinder 71.810 g 30.760 g = 42.050 g Step 2: density of liquid = mass/volume 42.050 g / 50.0 mL = 0.841 g/mL 5. A. Under Hazardous Identification, what are the red words directly listed after Warning? - Summarize the “Warning” paragraph.The red words are flammable liquid and vapor. This means that if you inhale IPA it can cause dizziness. It can also irritate your eyes and lungs and damage your lungs if it is inhaled. If used on the skin too frequently it can cause irritation cracking and dryness. B. What are the target organs that IPA effects? - IPA targets the central nervous system, respiratory system, the eyes and the skin. C. Under First Aid Measures, what should you do if you get IPA in your eyes? - If you get IPA in your eyes, you must flush out your eyes with lots of water for at least 15 mins and seek medical aid. D. Under Exposure Controls, Personal Protection, what is the appropriate PPE when working with IPA? - When working with IPA, you must wear goggles for the eyes, protective gloves for the skin to prevent skin exposure, and appropriate clothing to prevent skin exposure. E. Under Handling and Storage, under Storage, where should you store IPA? - You should store IPA away from ignition, in a tight closed container. Also, keep it away from any oxidizing material and store it somewhere cool and dry. F. Under Physical and Chemical Properties, what is the Boiling point, appearance, molecular weight, and Specific Gravity/Density of IPA? - The Boiling point of IPA is 82 degrees Celsius. The appearance is colorless. The molecular weight is 60.69. The specific gravity/density is 0.785 Results
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