2020_transcribed_NV_scibowl_finals

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Jan 9, 2024

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NSB PRACTICE SETS TOSS-UP 1) Energy Multiple Choice SLAC National Accelerator Lab scientists are studying the electrocyclic reactions that C 6 H 8 can undergo. Which of the following could NOT be the identity of this molecule? W) 1,3-cyclohexadiene X) 1,4-cyclohexadiene Y) 1,3,5-cyclohexatriene Z) Hex-3-ene-1-yne ANSWER: Y) 1,3,5-CYCLOHEXATRIENE BONUS 1) Energy Short Answer Department of Energy-supported researchers are studying nitrogenase enzymes. What two metals are most commonly used to allow these enzymes to function? ANSWER: MOLYBDENUM AND IRON ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ TOSS-UP 2) Physics Short Answer Consider two parallel current-carrying wires that are exerting a magnetic force on one another. If the current in each wire were tripled, by what factor would the force be multiplied? ANSWER: 9 BONUS 2) Physics Short Answer Vince is flying in his spaceship when he notices a 15-kilogram probe experiencing an apparent 30-newton force in the same direction that he's traveling. He then notices that his ship's thrusters are on, causing his spaceship to accelerate forward at 3 meters per second squared. In newtons, what's the magnitude of the true net force acting upon the probe? ANSWER: 75 NSB practice sets Page 1
TOSS-UP 3) Math Multiple Choice Consider the polynomial equation: . 12𝑥 3 − 11𝑥 2 + 18 = 0 According to the rational root theorem, which of the following is NOT a possible rational root of this equation: W) -9 X) 1/9 Y) 9 Z) -9/2 ANSWER: X) 1/9 BONUS 3) Math Short Answer The perimeters of two squares differ by 16 inches, and their areas differ by 92 square inches. What's the perimeter in inches of the larger square? ANSWER: 54 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ TOSS-UP 4) Biology Short Answer What type of enzyme facilitates joining of DNA fragments whose phosphodiester bonds have been broken by nucleases? ANSWER: DNA LIGASE BONUS 4) Biology Short Answer Identify all of the following three statements that are true of temperate phages: 1) They can replicate via the lytic cycle; 2) They can replicate via the lysogenic cycle; 3) They can form a prophage. ANSWER: ALL OF THEM NSB practice sets Page 2
TOSS-UP 5) Chemistry Short Answer A sample of an ideal gas has a volume of one liter when its pressure is 10 atmospheres. What will its volume be in liters when the pressure is reduced to 4 atmospheres? ANSWER: 2.5 BONUS 5) Chemistry Multiple Choice Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding lattice energy? W) Lattice energy is a measure of the energy contained in the crystal lattice of a compound X) Lattice energy can be represented using a modified form of Coulomb’s law Y) Lattice energy of a compound can be found by measuring the energy change involved in the synthesis of the compound from gaseous ions of the component elements Z) Sodium fluoride has a greater lattice energy than magnesium oxide ANSWER: Z) SODIUM FLUORIDE HAS A GREATER LATTICE ENERGY THAN MAGNESIUM OXIDE ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ TOSS-UP 6) Earth and Space Short Answer To two significant figures, if a star's magnitude decreases by one unit, by what number has its brightness been multiplied? ANSWER: 2.5 BONUS 6) Earth and Space Short Answer Identify all of the following 3 minerals that are tectosilicates, or framework silicates: 1) Quartz; 2) Amphibole; 3) Garnet. ANSWER: 1 ONLY NSB practice sets Page 3
TOSS-UP 7) Energy Short Answer Researchers at Brookhaven National Lab are using the STAR detector to track particles in collisions of heavy nuclei. What phase of matter involving particles of subunit charge is formed when these nuclei collide at high energies? ANSWER: QUARK-GLUON PLASMA BONUS 7) Physics Short Answer What effect is observed when a potential difference across a conductor causes a current flow perpendicular to the direction of an applied magnetic field, resulting in an induced electric field? ANSWER: HALL EFFECT ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ TOSS-UP 8) Math Short Answer A pair of 12-sided dice, each with the numbers 1 through 12 printed on the faces, is rolled. What's the probability that the two numbers rolled are different? ANSWER: 11/12 BONUS 8) Math Short Answer In the expansion of the cube of the binomial: 2A - 3B, what is the coefficient of the A squared B term? ANSWER: -36 NSB practice sets Page 4
TOSS-UP 9) Earth and Space Multiple Choice Which of the following rock composition changes could not describe a magma that is cooling and undergoing differentiation? W) Peridotite to gabbro X) Peridotite to diorite Y) Granite to gabbro Z) Diorite to granite ANSWER: Y) GRANITE TO GABBRO BONUS 9) Earth and Space Short Answer In the Norwegian cyclone model, cold-type and warm-type are classes of what type of front? ANSWER: OCCLUDED ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ TOSS-UP 10) Biology Short Answer Aside from ATP, what other high-energy intermediate is produced through glycolysis? ANSWER: NADH BONUS 10) Biology Multiple Choice Jan is choosing a type of microscopy to resolve objects in her sample that are 0.2 nanometers apart. Which of the following types of microscopes should she use? W) Differential interference contrast X) Fluorescence Y) Transmission electron Z) Super-resolution ANSWER: Y) TRANSMISSION ELECTRON NSB practice sets Page 5
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