Module 1 Density of Solids
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Module 1; Density of Solids
Directions: Answer all questions in this text document. Submit your document to be graded. You may print out this document, then hand write and scan. OR you can word process directly on this document. Introduction
Density is the mass of an object per unit volume. It is calculated by dividing the mass of an object by its volume:
density (d) =
mass (m)
volume (V)
A large density means that lots of material is packed into a small space. The metals known as “heavy metals” are actually just more dense than other metals. For example, the density of gold at 25°C is 19.32 g/cm
3
, while that of copper is 8.96 g/cm
3
. In other words, a 1 cm
3
block of gold (one of the heavy metals) weighs 19.32 g, while a 1 cm
3
block of copper weighs 8.96 g.
Every substance has a characteristic density, so density can be used to determine identify substances or establish purity. Density is constant at a given temperature; hence, the need to report temperature when you report density. Some densities are given in Table 2.1.
Density can also be used to determine measurements that are too difficult to make directly. For example, in order to measure the thickness of a thin piece of foil, you need a special instrument. However, you can also determine thickness by measuring the mass, length, and width of the foil. Using the mass of the foil and the density, you can determine the volume of the foil. V = mass /density. Then you can determine the thickness (height) since the volume, V = length x width x height.
[And thus, height = V/(lengthXwidth)]
Pre-Laboratory Exercise
Complete the following exercises paying attention to units and significant figures. All answers should have three sig.figs since the data provided has three sig.figs. Use one of the following formulas in each case:
D = M/V
M = D X V
V = M/D
1.
If the mass of an unknown piece of metal is 58.0 grams and it occupies a volume of 12.9 ml, what is the density of the metal? As always when doing a calculation, first write down the formula and then plug in the numbers with the units
. Write down the answer with all sig.figs. Then round it off and write your answer with three sig.figs (since the measurements have three sig.figs.)
Mass= 58.0 g D=M/V
Volume= 12.9 ml D= 58.0 g/12.9 ml
D=? D= 4.496124031 g/ml D= 4.50 g/ml
2.
Using your answer in #1 and the information in the table below, identify the metal in question #1: Densities of some common metals at 25°C
Metal
Density (g/cm
3
)
Metal
Density (g/cm
3
)
Magnesium
1.74
Nickel
8.91
Aluminum
2.70
Copper
8.95
Titanium
4.50
Silver
10.49
Zinc
7.14
Gold
19.32
Iron
7.87
Tungsten
19.3
3.
A 105 g slab of metal is dropped into a cylinder which has 69.9 mL of water in it. The water goes up to 83.3 mL with the metal slab in it. What is the density of the metal? First calculate the volume considering the water displacement data provided. Then to solve for density: write down the formula and then plug in the numbers with the units
. Write your answer with three sig.figs. M= 105g D= M/V
V= 83.3 ml – 69.9 ml D= 105g/13.4 ml
V= 13.4 ml D= 7.8358208955 g/ml
D= 7.84 g/ml
4.
Using your answer and the information in the table above, identify the metal:
5.
If the slab of metal above was actually a cylinder with a 0.600 cm radius, how tall is the cylinder? To calculate this, consider the volume you calculated in the first part of #3. Since 1 mL=1cm
3
, you can use the volume you calculated in #3 with cm
3
as its units so that units will cancel out correctly.
Use the formula V = π r
2 h which rearranges to h = V / (π r
2
). Round your final answer to three sig.figs. to match the measurements. h = V / (π r
2
) h=13.4 cm
3 / π x .0036 cm
2
h= 13.4 cm
3 / π ( 0.0600 cm)
2 h= 13.4/.0113097 = 1,184.8236469579 cm= 118 cm
Titanium
Iron
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Related Questions
3. Plot the mass and volume data in your Data Table 1 to graphically determine the
density of water using total mass (on the y-axis, in grams) vs. total volume (on the x-
axis, in milliliters). You may elect to complete this graph by hand using the graph
paper provided, or using a graphing program such as Microsoft Excel.
Draw one "best fit" straight line through all your plotted points. Make sure to label
both axes, and properly title the graph.
Calculate slope of the line
(Show actual calculations directly on graph, and clearly label the two points on the
line used for your slope calculation)
slope =______
The density of water as determined graphically is:
_g/mL
(Since the slope of the line indicates change in mass over change in volume, the slope
of your line is the density of the water.)
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4. When you get your 5th correct answer, you will get a certificate that you can share with your
teacher letting your teacher know how you did. Please provide a screenshot of your certificate
showing you got this completed.
DATA
Part B: Measuring the Mass of Materials
Top Loading Balance
Mass
Empty Beaker (g)
Mass of Beaker + Paper Clips (g)
Mass of Paper Clips (g)
Analytical Balance
Mass of Empty Beaker (g)
Mass of Beaker + Paper Clips (g)
Mass of Paper Clips (g)
DATA ANALYSIS:
1. Show your calculation for the mass of paper clips using the top-loading and analytical balances.
2. Which of the balances, top-loading or analytical, has the most uncertainty per measurement?
Explain.
Page 10 of 14
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O MEASUREMENT AND MATTER
W start Page
Predicting the units of the solution to a basic quantitative...
A student sets up the following equation to solve a problem in solution stoichiometry.
(The ? stands for a number the student is going to calculate.)
Enter the units of the student's answer.
1 mL
0.59
mL
- 3
10
x10
108.39
mol
II
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How will each of the following experimental errors influence the results of your calculated densities you reported? State whether the error will tend to make your density results too large, too small or unchanged. Explain why this would occur by identifying which measurements would be affected (high or low) and how this would affect the calculated density.
Use the followingIn method 2, the metal cylinder you used had a number of air bubbles on its when immersed in the water
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1) State your interpretation of the meaning of the slope for the first graph you prepared of Volume of Steel Nuts (mL) versus Number of Steel Nuts.
Hint: Understanding the meaning of a slope involves several factors: the units which are a ratio of the y axis units over the x axis units, the interpretation of the slope as “number of the y axis units for every one of the x axis units” and the concept that constructing the best line or curve that follows the trend in the data is a sort of averaging of the random error throughout the data.
arrow_forward
In this section you should record any visual observations you make for denisty (colors,appearances of water, physical states, etc).You should also record any numeric observations (masses, volumes, concentrations).Make sure they are clearly organized and labeled so it is clear what the observation this is(meaning don’t just put 9.012g but tell what that mass is of)
Using a 10-mL graduated cylinder, measure the following volumes of water 3 different traile:a. 6.0 mL- 1) 6.1 mL, 2) 6.2 mL, and 3) 6.0 mLb. 70.0 mL (note: you will have to refill the graduated cylinder 7 times to obtainthe 70.0 mL)- 1)68.0 mL, 2)69.9 mL, 3) 71.5 mLRepeat parts a and b using a 100-mL graduated cylinder. Part a) 1) 6.9 mL, 6.1 mL, 3) 5.9 mL and Part b) 1)70.0 mL, 2)71.0 mL, 3)69.0Required Calculations:- Determine the percent error for each volume.
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11 of 11
I Review | Constants Periodic Table
Suppose that you want to find the equation for a line that passes through the two points
(0,3) and (4, 9). What is the slope of this line?
Express your answer numerically.
> View Available Hint(s)
Πνα ΑΣΦ
?
m =
Submit
rt C Complete previous part(s)
9:41 PM
36%
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I. Multiple Choices. Use the attached google form as your answer sheet for
this part of the exam.
1. A chemist needs to accurately transfer 0.100 mL of liquid from one
container to another. Which of the following devices should be used?
(a) A transfer pipette (b) A measuring pipette
(c) A micropipette
(d) Graduated cylinder
2. Which of the following do not belong together?
(a) mortar and pestle
(b) hygroscopic and water
(c) meniscus and tare
(d) None of the choices.
3. Which of these laboratory glasswares has an approximate volume
calibration?
(a) 10ml. delivery test
(b) 25ml. acid burst
(c) 100mL volumetric flask
(d) 250mL Erlenmeyer flask
4. Which of the following reagent would distinguished primary, secondary,
and tertiary alcohol?
a. NAHCO, reagent
b. Lucas reagent
c. Fehling's reagent
d. sulfuric acid
5. What are the three essential attributes of a laboratory notebook?
(a) 1. Record what you did; 2. Write in complete sentences; 3. The
notebook should be understandable by a…
arrow_forward
(a) Calculate the number of oxygen molecules and the number of oxygen atoms in 41.1 g of O2-
oxygen molecules=
x 10
%3D
oxygen atoms =
x 10
Enter your answers in scientific notation.
(b) Calculate the mass of8.01 x 10 SO, molecules.
x 10
es
Euter your answer in scientific notation.
arrow_forward
Please don't provide handwritten solution ....
arrow_forward
What is the maximum mass of pure titanium that could be extracted from 3.0 kg of ilmenite, a titanium ore with the chemical formula FeTiO,?
Be sure your answer has a unit symbol, if necessary, and is rounded to the correct number of significant digits.
x10
arrow_forward
Please answer this question as fast as you can please and tahnk you. I will afterwards write an wonderful review on solving the question. Thank you.
You determined experimentally the density of a solution in triplicate. Considering the results what is the %RSD of results? Answer your question with the correct number of significant figures. Please enter answer as a % not in decimal form.
Trial 1: 1.014 g/mL
Trial 2: 0.914 g/mL
Trial 3: 1.190 g/mL
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Give detailed Solution
arrow_forward
Please don't provide handwritten solution ....
Determine the volume of aluminum metal (d=2.702 g/cm3) that has the same mass as 100.0 cm3 of platinum (d=21.45 g/cm3). Show your calculations.
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4
In a universe far, far away, there exists an alien world where they have a different periodic table, as shown below. Elements behave just like they do here, there are just less of them, and they have different names. You can calculate molar mass and other things from this periodic table just like you would from the periodic table on our world.
Please calculate the molar mass of R4Jx2 in units of g/mol. Be sure to follow significant figure rules for addition.
Atomic Number
Symbol
Name
Atomic mass (g/mol)
1
J
Jellium
1.28
2
Ja
Jamium
2.48
3
Jo
Jobium
4.87
4
Oj
Jucium
7.27
5
R
Racium
9.39
6
Ro
Romium
11.10
7
Ju
Julietium
14.05
8
Rm
Randomium
15.28
9
Jr
Juniorium
18.11
10
Jp
Jeepium
19.05
11
Xr
Xraium
21.88
12
Jx
Jaxium
23.75
13
Rr
Railroadium
25.21
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Ch. Ex. 63c - Significant Figures
Be sure to answer all parts. Enter your answer in scientific notation.
Carry out the following calculation, paying special attention to significant figures, rounding, and units:
(1.77 × 10 mol/L *(3.1 × 10 mol/L)
(7.01 × 10 molL)(2.51 × 102 mol/L )
x 10
L/mol
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20. A chemist decomposes several samples of water into hydro-
gen and oxygen and measures the mass of the hydrogen and
the oxygen obtained. The results are tabulated as follows.
Sample Number
Grams of Hydrogen
Grams of Oxygen
1
1.5
12
2
2
16
2.5
20
(a) Summarize these observations in a short statement.
Next, the chemist decomposes several samples of
carbon dioxide into carbon and oxygen. The results
are tabulated as follows:
Sample Number
Grams of Carbon Grams of Oxygen
1
0.5
1.3
2
1.0
2.7
1.5
4.0
(b) Summarize these observations in a short statement.
(c) Formulate a law from the observations in (a) and (b).
(d) Formulate a theory that might explain your law in (c).
arrow_forward
I am extremely bad at math and I need help understanding how to do unit conversions. I have these sample problems that were given to me to practice, but I don't know how to approach them. I need very detailed, step-by-step instructions on how to approach unit conversion problems. I also need the explanations and solutions for all of these sample problems.1.) Given that 1 inch (in) is equal to 2.54 cm, how many inches are in 12.1 cm?2.) A new penny has a mass of 2.49 g. What is this mass in pounds (lb)? Note: 1 kg = 2.205 lb.3.) In the famous Pokémon Go app, a person needs to physically walk 10.00 km in order to hatch an egg. Convert this distance to the following units:(a) miles (1 mi = 1.609 km)(b) centimeters(c) feet (1 m = 3.28 ft)4.) Perform the following unit conversions:(a) 138 mi2 to km2 (1 mi = 1.609 km)(b) 6050 cm3 to m3(c) 2.75 L to in3 (1 in = 2.54 cm)5.) A 417 cm3 sample of ethylene glycol (antifreeze) has a mass of 463 g. What is the density of ethylene glycol in g/cm3?6.)…
arrow_forward
Be sure to answer all parts.
(a) Calculate the number of oxygen molecules and the number of oxygen atoms in 34.5 g of O2.
oxygen molecules =
x 10
oxygen atoms =
x 10
Enter your answers in scientific notation.
(b) Calculate the mass of 9.09 x 1014 so, molecules.
x 10
Enter your answer in scientific notation.
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2. In the experiment to determine the density of a liquid, some of the sample was spilled
and lost. Write out the steps for a procedure to determine the density of the liquid if
less than 6.0ml of sample is available.
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5. Density is an important property of the matter, answer the following:
(b) Select (1) or (2) to complete the following statement:
Density is a
property of matter. (1) Physical (2) chemical
O 1
O 2
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density of irregular solid
mass of irregular solid 9.039 g
initial volume 68 mL
final volume 74 mL
total volume displaced 6 mL
what is the density of irregulatr solid?
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How many nanomoles (nmol) is a 72.2 pg (picogram) sample of platinum? Give your answer to 3 sig figs AND in scientific notation.
arrow_forward
Suppose you are measuring the mass of a solid sample on a balance using a weigh boat. You record the data in a table.
Mass of weigh boat
3.591 g
Mass of weigh boat and sample
5.385 g
What is the mass of the solid sample (in g)?
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on average a drop of water has a volume of 50.0 microliters. What is this volume in dekaliters? dimensional analysis
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Review Question 4)
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= 1
= 2
= 3
= 5
6.
7
= 8
10
= 11
12
A chemist prepares a solution of calcium sulfate (CaSo,) by measuring out 0.482 umol of calcium sulfate into a 250. mL volumetric flask and filling the flask to
the mark with water.
Calculate the concentration in mmol/L of the chemist's calcium sulfate solution. Round your answer to 3 significant digits.
mmol
Continue
Submit A=
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