Week 4 Lab - Rosa Pereira

In contrast to connection-based protocols, connectionless protocols offer their own set of advantages and disadvantages, both of which need to be studied.

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is a suite of protocols that controls the way information travels from location to location across a network or the Internet. The protocols perform a wide array of functions. From the perspective of penetration testing, why is it important to understand TCP/IP and the layers of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model?

Network applications and application layer protocols are explored in depth below.

IP Header has a field TTL ( Time To Live). Which among the following statement best explain the use of TTL(a) It can be used to prioritize the packets(b) It can be used to reduce the delay.(c) It can be used to optimize the throughput.(d) It can be used to prevent packet looping.

The benefits and drawbacks of connectionless and connection-based protocols should be compared and contrasted.

Explain the concept of multicast and anycast communication in network protocols. How are these approaches used to efficiently distribute data in specific scenarios?

When contrasted to connection-based protocols, the advantages and disadvantages of connectionless protocols should be considered.

Compared to connection-based protocols, connectionless protocols should be evaluated for their advantages and disadvantages.

19. (a) Draw an example internetwork where the BIDIR-PIM route from a source's router to a group member's router is longer than the PIM-SM source-specific route. (b) Draw an example where they are the same.

A broadcast network is one in which a transmission from any one attached station is received by all other attached stations over a shared medium. Examples are a bus topology local area network, such as Ethernet, and a wireless radio network. Discuss the need or lack of need for a network layer (OSI layer 3) in a broadcast network.

Define the term "subnetting" in the context of IP addressing and explain its significance in network design.

Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of connectionless versus connection-based protocols.

Describe the concept of network tunneling and its use in encapsulating one network protocol within another.

The inclusion of the 'Host' property in all communications is mandated by the HTTP 1.1 protocol standard. Why is it not feasible to deduce this information from the L3 IP address, as is currently practiced?

Task NW29. UDP is the simplest transport layer communication protocol. It contains a minimum amount of communication mechanisms. It is considered an unreliable protocol, and it is based on best-effort delivery services. UDP provides no acknowledgment mechanism, which means that the receiver does not send the acknowledgment for the received packet, and the sender also does not wait for the acknowledgment for the packet that it has sent. An end system sends 50 packets per second using the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) over a full duplex 100 Mbps Ethernet LAN connection. Each packet consists 1500B of Ethernet frame payload data. What is the throughput, when measured at the UDP layer? Task DS30

Sliding Window Algorithms This question considers a sliding window implementation across a full-duplex point-to-point link. The link has a bandwidth of 327 kbps in each direction and a one-way propagation delay of 100 milliseconds. All packets sent across the link are 1,024 bytes long, including all headers and trailers. What send window size (SWS) is necessary to fully utilize the network?