W2 -Lab 2 Class B -AB-OG
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Dec 6, 2023
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Experiment 2: Class – B and AB Push-Pull Amplifiers
Objectives:
After completing this experiment, you should be able to,
1.
Observe the Class – B and AB push-pull power amplifier’s output waveforms.
2.
Calculate the output power and efficiency.
Components needed:
Instruments used:
1.
Resistors: (2) 10kΩ, 330Ω
2.
Transistor: (1) 2N3904, (1) 2N3906
1. Digital Multimeter (DMM)
3.
Diodes: (2) 1N914B
2. Variable Power Supplies (VPS)
3. Function Generator
4.
Connecting wires (as necessary)
4. Oscilloscope
Procedure:
1.
The Class - B/AB push-pull power amplifier we build in this lab will include two
complementary (NPN and PNP) transistors.
2.
Measure and record the resistor values using Digital Multimeter (DMM) listed in Table 1
below.
Listed value
Measured value
R
1
- 10 kΩ
9.8 kΩ
R
2
- 10 kΩ
9.8 kΩ
R
L
– 330Ω
326.9 kΩ
Table 1: Listed and measured values
3.
Identify the Emitter, Base and Collector terminal of each of the transistor. (Note: Hold
the transistor, such that the flat face facing towards you. The leftmost pin is the Emitter,
middle pin is the Base and the rightmost pin is the Collector)
Figure 1: Transistor terminals
4.
Build the following circuit on the bread board. Observe the both emitters and both bases
of the transistors are joined together.
Figure 2: Class – B push-pull amplifier
7.
Turn
ON
the power.
8.
Set the
Supply +
to
9V
and
Supply -
to -
9V.
9.
Use the
Function generator
.
10.
Set the voltage to
2V
PP,
1 kHz sinewave
.
11.
Turn on the
Oscilloscope
.
12.
Connect CH0 of the Oscilloscope across the function generator.
13.
Connect CH1 of the Oscilloscope across the 330Ω resistor.
14.
You should be able to observe the following signals.
Q1
2N3904
VCC
V
9
V1
Vpk
1
kHz
1
°
0
Supply + (Pin 48)
GROUND (Pin 49)
RL
330Ω
FGEN (Pin 33)
Q2
2N3906
VEE
V
-9.0
Supply - (Pin 50)
CH1 - Output
CH0 - Input
Figure 3: Input and Output signals of the Class-B Push-Pull Amplifier
15.
Observe the output voltage is approximately 1.4V behind the input voltage. This is
because both the transistors are off when the signal falls below ± 0.7V. This is called
cross-over distortion.
16.
Use the following steps to calculate the efficiency of the Class – B/AB push-pull amplifier.
a.
Maximum peak output voltage = V
CEQ
= ____4.5V_____.
b.
Maximum peak output current = I
C
= ____13.6mA____.
c.
Output power = P
out
= 0.25 * I
C (sat)
* VCC = ____3.06V______.
d.
DC input power = P
DC
= ____3.9V_____.
e.
Efficiency =
= _____0.78V_____.
17.
In order to eliminate the cross-over distortion diodes are used to bias the transistors.
Modify the Class-B push-pull into Class-AB push-pull circuit as shown below.
CH0 - Input
CH1 - Output
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Figure 4: Class – AB Push-Pull amplifier
18.
Turn ON the
Power supply, Function generator and the Oscilloscope.
19.
Observe the input and output signal voltages using CH0 and CH1 of the oscilloscope. You
should be able to see the following waveforms.
Figure 5: Input and Output signals of the Class AB Amplifier
20.
Observe the input and output voltage levels there are close but not equal. This is
because the forward voltage drop of the diode is not exactly matching the V
BE
of the
transistors. The cross-over distortion can be greatly minimized but cannot completely be
eliminated.
Experiment Questions:
1.
The maximum efficiency of Class-B/AB power amplifier is ___0.78V____.
2.
What is the advantage of Class-B/AB power amplifier? ___________Class B is more
efficient than a class A and class AB does not have crossover distortion. __________.
3.
The conduction angle for Class-B/AB power amplifier is _____0____ degrees.
4.
What is the position of Q-point in Class – B amplifier? _________Between the
transistors_________.
5.
What is the position of Q-point in Class – AB amplifier? ________Between the
diodes__________.
6.
What is the importance of diodes in Class – AB push-pull amplifier? To decrease the rate
of current without overloading the circuit.
*********End of the experiment *********
Related Questions
Which of the following is the basic feature of the emitter-connected amplifier circuit?
I. It has voltage gain
II. It has current gain
III. There is a 180 degree phase difference between the input signal and the output signal
arrow_forward
Questions: -
1. For the circuit of Figure (1), the voltage gain from base to collector
approximately:
is
:
(a)l (b)12 (c)112 (d)224
2. The output signal of the common-emitter amplifier is out-of-phase
with the input by:
(a)0° (b)45° (c)90° (d) 180°.
3. If the emitter bypass capacitor in Figure (1) is removed, the
Amplifier voltage gain will:
(a) Increase.
(b) Decrease.
(c) Remain essentially the same.
70
4. If the emitter bypasses capacitor in Figure (1) is shoricu,
the voltage gain will increase.
(a). The voltage gain will remain the same.
(c) The transistor will saturate.
(d) None of the above.
5. If the load resistor RL in the circuit of Figure (1) is made larger, the amplifier
voltage gain will
(a) Increase.
(b) Decrease.
(c) Remain essentially the same.
main
Đọc To
1.1.3
G 1=1 kHr
R₁
104
H.H
C₁
1 pF
C₂
0.22 F
V₁
THE
R2 U
100 ( U
30 mV
R₂
470 (1
B Rpart 1
1x0
V₁ bts Type 91182
Fig.1
R₁
4.760:
10
to point D
C
Ucu
Y₁
M
arrow_forward
Among the three characteristics of a transistor amplifier, which region is normally employed for linear (undistorted) amplifiers?
a.
active region
b.
capital region
c.
saturation region
d.
cutoff region
Choose correct answer
arrow_forward
Activity 2:
The amplifier circuit below has a single ac input and two ac outputs. Assuming transistor
parameters of B= 130 and VBE=0.7 V:
15 V
15 V
W
350
ΚΩ
300
ΚΩ
H11
13 ΚΩ
10 ΚΩ
arrow_forward
Please solve it.
arrow_forward
I need to create a multistage amplifier. With the following specs.
arrow_forward
please answer qiuckly
arrow_forward
........
(Figure-1)
R.
RB= 380kN,Rc= 1kN
B = 100, VBB = Vcc=12V
RB
ww
Vec
CC
.........
I,
V CE
СЕ
V
ВЕ
BB
Q-1-b) Describe briefly the input / output characteristics and application of Common
Emitter BJT Configuration
arrow_forward
A field effect transistor (FET)
A. Uses a forward bias p-n junction,
B. Uses a high concentration emitter junction,
C. Has a very high input resistance,
D. Depends on flow of minority carrier.
As compared to transistor amplifier JFET amplifier has
A. Higher voltage gain, less input impedance,
B. Less voltage gain, less input impedance,
C. Less voltage gain, higher input impedance,
D. Higher voltage gain, higher input impedance.
The pinch off voltage is the voltage
A. At which gate source junction breaks down,
B. Which causes depletion regions to meet,
C. The voltage applied between drain & source,
D. Neither of these.
O If properly biased JFET acts as
A. Current controlled current source,
B. Voltage controlled voltage source,
C. Voltage controlled current source,
D. Current controlled voltage source.
arrow_forward
Provide the detailed explanation -
arrow_forward
3. For the circuit in Figure 3, the transistor parameters are B =
120, VBE (on) =
0.7 V, and VA = 50 V. Let RTH = 0.1(1 + B)RE.
(a) Design a bias-stable circuit such that Igo
= 1.5 mA
(b) Using the results of part (a), find the small-signal mid-band voltage gain
(c) Determine the output resistance R.
(d) What is the lower 3 dB corner frequency?
Vcc = 12 V
R1
CCI → 00
Cc2 = 2 µF
RE =
4 k2
RL =D
4 k2
Figure 3
ww
ww
ww
arrow_forward
(1)
Describe in detail the relative advantages of Class A and Class B
amplifiers. In what types of circuits would Class B be advantageous
over Class A
(1I) With the aid of signal diagrams, describe two forms of distortion you
would expect to observe on an output signal of a Class B amplifier.
(III) Describe in circuit terms the advantages of a Class AB amplifier.
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Exercise 1:-
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Explain these answers simply
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Please explain the concept of amplifiers.
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The DC Current Gain of a Transistor is
Select one:
a. Ratio of Collector Current to Base Current
b. Ratio of Base Current to Collector Current
c. Ratio of Emitter Current to Collector Current
d. Ratio of Base Current to Emitter Current
arrow_forward
Describe two different methods for determining the stability of an amplifier.
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B/Considering the three types of Power Amplifier Circuits (Class A, Class B, and Class C):
1. Where is the Q point located (biasing quiescent point) in each type before applying an AC signal?
2. Among these three types, which one can provide linear amplification, and which one cannot?
3. Compare their efficiency.
arrow_forward
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- Which of the following is the basic feature of the emitter-connected amplifier circuit? I. It has voltage gain II. It has current gain III. There is a 180 degree phase difference between the input signal and the output signalarrow_forwardQuestions: - 1. For the circuit of Figure (1), the voltage gain from base to collector approximately: is : (a)l (b)12 (c)112 (d)224 2. The output signal of the common-emitter amplifier is out-of-phase with the input by: (a)0° (b)45° (c)90° (d) 180°. 3. If the emitter bypass capacitor in Figure (1) is removed, the Amplifier voltage gain will: (a) Increase. (b) Decrease. (c) Remain essentially the same. 70 4. If the emitter bypasses capacitor in Figure (1) is shoricu, the voltage gain will increase. (a). The voltage gain will remain the same. (c) The transistor will saturate. (d) None of the above. 5. If the load resistor RL in the circuit of Figure (1) is made larger, the amplifier voltage gain will (a) Increase. (b) Decrease. (c) Remain essentially the same. main Đọc To 1.1.3 G 1=1 kHr R₁ 104 H.H C₁ 1 pF C₂ 0.22 F V₁ THE R2 U 100 ( U 30 mV R₂ 470 (1 B Rpart 1 1x0 V₁ bts Type 91182 Fig.1 R₁ 4.760: 10 to point D C Ucu Y₁ Marrow_forwardAmong the three characteristics of a transistor amplifier, which region is normally employed for linear (undistorted) amplifiers? a. active region b. capital region c. saturation region d. cutoff region Choose correct answerarrow_forward
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- Provide the detailed explanation -arrow_forward3. For the circuit in Figure 3, the transistor parameters are B = 120, VBE (on) = 0.7 V, and VA = 50 V. Let RTH = 0.1(1 + B)RE. (a) Design a bias-stable circuit such that Igo = 1.5 mA (b) Using the results of part (a), find the small-signal mid-band voltage gain (c) Determine the output resistance R. (d) What is the lower 3 dB corner frequency? Vcc = 12 V R1 CCI → 00 Cc2 = 2 µF RE = 4 k2 RL =D 4 k2 Figure 3 ww ww wwarrow_forward(1) Describe in detail the relative advantages of Class A and Class B amplifiers. In what types of circuits would Class B be advantageous over Class A (1I) With the aid of signal diagrams, describe two forms of distortion you would expect to observe on an output signal of a Class B amplifier. (III) Describe in circuit terms the advantages of a Class AB amplifier.arrow_forward
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