EE4PM4_Lab3_2023

The figure below shows the one-line diagram of a four- bus power system. The voltages, the scheduled real power and reactive powers, and the reactances of transmission lines are marked at this one line diagram (The voltages and reactances are in PU referred to 100 MW base. The active power P2 in MW is the last three digits (from right) of your registration number (i.e for the student that has a registration number 202112396, P2 =396). [10] Starting from an estimated voltage at bus 2, bus 3, and bus 4 equals V2 (0) = 1.15<0°, V3 = 1.15 < 0°, V4 1.1< 0°. 1- Specify the type of each bus and known & unknown quantities at each bus. 2- Find the elements of the second row of the admittance matrix (i.e. [Y21 Y22 Y23 Y24]). 3- Using Gauss-Siedal fınd the voltage at bus 2 after the first iteration. 4- Using Newton-Raphson, calculate: |- The value of real power (P2), at bus 2 after the first iteration. Il- The second element in the first row of the Jacobian matrix after the first iteration. 2 P2…

Answer all questions.

1-Alternators can be overloaded by 10 percentage for 10-15 minutes, this a. Steady state voltage stability will get affected b. may reduce the stability limit c. may disturb Nose point d. may lose Angular stability       2-Often, the network is referred as an infinite bus when a change in input mechanical power or in field excitation to the unit does not cause an appreciable change in a. system frequency or terminal voltage b. system frequency alone  c. system frequency and terminal voltage  d. Total production cost

Question 3a) The Electricity Company of Ghana (ECG) has noticed two different values of voltagebetween the No-load Voltage and the load Voltage aa the end of one of their distribution feeders. One is 80% and the 4other is 2%. Which of these two values would you recommend to ECG to use and why? b) An Electrical Power Generation Company has engaged you as their consultant for you to advise them on their Synchronous generators. During a peaking load situation which occurred between 5pm to 8pm, the generators experienced transient stability challenges that lead even to some of the generators shutting down. You have been called upon to provide five (5) engineering answers that would cause the problems.

Q) A P-Pole three-phase induction machine with spatial distribution of stator windings is assumed to be sinusoidal A) It is desirable to express the Xs (0m) function for each phase in terms of conductor/radian B) It is desirable to calculate Tag(t,Oe), each phase

Do b)?

Power System Analysis (522EE) 431 It is recommended to use a software program to solve the nonlinear equation in Q2 (b). Question 1: Figure 1 shows a single-line diagram of a three-phase, 60-Hz synchronous generator, connected through a transformer and parallel transmission lines to an infinite bus. All reactances are given in per-unit on a common system base. If the infinite bus receives 1.0 per unit real power at 0.95 p.f. lagging, determine (a) the internal voltage of the generator and (b) the equation for the electrical power delivered by the generator versus its power angle 8. B12 B21 X12 = 0.20 G XTB = 0.10 B11 X = 0.30 Vous = 1.0 822 Xi3 - 0.10 = 0.20 B13 Figure 1

2. Explain the environmental impacts of wind power plant?

TOPIC: Power Systems, Power Plants & IlluminationINSTRUCTIONS:- Answer in this format: Given, Illustration, Required Conversion, Solution, Final Answer.- Step-by-step solution, do not skip even simple calculations to avoid confusion.- If answered in written form, make sure it is readable.PROBLEM: A generating station has two 50 MW units each running for 8,500 hours in a year and one 30 MW unit running for 1,250 hours in one year. The station output is 650 x 106 kWh per year. Calculate the utilization factor. 0.732 0.653 0.811 0.795

Shunt capacitor bank compensation for power factor improvemen . (Give short report about this topic around 250 word)

Compare and contrast a cumulative compound DC generator and a differential compound DC generator in terms of performance. Note: Explain in no more than 70 words

Describe the role of FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) devices in enhancing the control and stability of power systems.

Choose which answers are correct Which among the following , is not an objective of unit commitment ? a . Maintain Power balance b . Minimize the operating cost c . Commit minimum number generating units d . Commit sufficient generating units

Q4: A power distribution station consisting of 100OKVA, 4500V/225V, and 50 cycles per second single-phase core type mutual inductance equipment is to have an approximate electromotive force per turn of 15V and operates witha maximum flux of1.4T. Based on the above scenario justify what will be the values of turns, currents, and cross-sectional area of the core? Analyze the range of load resistance of this equipment. If the load resistances are very high discuss the various methods on its heat reduction process.

Explain the importance of load flow analysis in power systems. How does it help in optimizing the operation of electrical grids?

(8) Q2. Correct the wrong sentence if you find it in only (all) of the following sentences: ual and same direct 1) T1 Porto at e Tated current med on low vo "aly mmf:. the. ideal trout -side. copper loss is not a vy ne vau and 10au. 12) Shunt field winding have a large number of turns compared with a series field winding. 13) The voltage regulation of generator A is 10% and that of generator B is 5%. The A is better than generator B. generator poTOTIS Us. 10 Un 14) The external characteristic of a dc generator is affected by armature reaction. 15) The commutating poles or interpoles is connected in parallel with the armature. 16) The de motor should be started by impressing its rated voltage across the armature terminals. at 17) The cumulative compound motor has the advantage of over a series Motor. 18) The torque in a differential compound motor increase and its speed is decreased with an increase in the armature current. 19) The flux in a machine does not vary with time. 20) After…

A synchronous generator is rated 645 MVA, 24 kV, 0.9 pf lagging. It has a synchronous reactance 1.2 . The generator is feeding full load at 0.9 pf lagging at rated voltage. Calculate: (a) Excitation emf (E,) and power angle & (b) Reictive power drawn by the load Carry out calculations in pu form and convert the result to actual values.

By comparing the principle of operation of a "three" phase generation system with a single-phase system, state what are the bendfits of three phase systems? In your own words, define the "skin effect" in transmission lines and discuss how can it be minimised? Name three advantages of AC transmission in comparison to DC transmission. What are the units of active, reactive and apparent power? The current in a single-phase motor lags 50° behind the voltage. What is the power factor of the motor?

(a) Give the condition for the loss of load in a power generation system in terms of outages in generation units (b) Give the assumption taken for the calculation of LOLP? [Write relevant Answers in 1 or 2 sentences in each part)

ELECTRIC MACHINERY  do the (iii, iv v)

A 3 phase 4MVA, 12 kV star connected synchronous generator has Zs= 0.8+J30 ohm. Using circle diagram only, find: 1. The output power developed at unity power factor with excitation equal to 1.25 of rated voltage. 2. The load angle and power factor if the generator supplies (1500 KW) at rated voltage and excitation lequal to (1.2) of rated voltage. 3. Repeat part (2) when .armature resistance is neglected

Turbine operating efficiency is not influence to maintain the minimum cost of power generation True False

b) Two synchronous generators, G2 and G2, are connected parallelly supplying a load. Generator G1 has a no-load frequency of 50.5 Hz and a slope of 300 MW/Hz. Generator G2 has a no-load frequency of 50.2 Hz and a slope of 500 MW/Hz. The load consumes 250 MW real power. (1) At what frequency does this system operate, and how much power is supplied by each of the two generators? (ii) An additional 100 MW load is added to this power system. What is the new system frequency, and how much power do G1 and G2 supply? (iii) The governor set point of G2 is changed to control system frequency back to 50 Hz. Determine the G2 governor set point.

Please, I do not want a theoretical solution or using artificial intelligence. I want a solution on paper using the mathematical laws of the topic