ASCI 202 6.2 Aviation Legislation The Path Ahead Paper
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Feb 20, 2024
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Changing The Path Ahead
NAME
College of Aeronautics, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
ASCI 202: Intro to Aeronautical Science
Dr. Lisa Kearney
July 18, 2023 1
Abstract
The purpose of my paper is to talk about a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) national regulation that requires to be updated due to new technology concepts. For example, in recent news, flying cars have been given a special aircraft airworthiness certification from the FAA. I will also get into the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) regulation that requires an update on environmental challenges the world is facing today. The emissions regulation needs to get more stringent quicker than the purposed timeline. Every day that passes, causes more issues for the future of this planet.
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Changing the Path Ahead
The way of the future for the aviation industry has changed significantly due to technological advancements that come out every day. For example, new types of motors for aircraft and new types of flying vehicles. Regulations need to keep up with these changes to ensure some laws will govern the new technological advancements. Both International and National regulations require these changes or updates to the current laws. I’ll be getting into two
different regulations that require changes to keep up. First, the National FAA regulation for Urban Air Mobility needs to be updated.
National Regulation on UAM
The FAA developed the Concept of Operations for Urban Air Mobility (UAM) back in the summer of 2020. There were flying taxi concepts that were being developed to revolutionize
transportation for the future. Ahmed et al., (2020) wrote that the evolution of flying cars will demand new policies and standards to regulate transition and handoff periods between manual and autonomous vehicles, ground and flight dynamics, and will require new safety policies that explore the complexities of airborne navigation safety. According to the FAA (2023), the UAM concept that first came out in June 2020 was a subset of the Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) which focuses on moving people and cargo between urban and rural environments. The UAM focuses on flight in urban areas when the aero-taxi concept was designed first came out. Proposed Improvement National UAM Regulation
Isidore (2023) just wrote an article that the FAA confirmed that it has issued the Alef Automotive company a special airworthiness certificate allowing research and development for these vehicles. Although this is not a new concept, now a car that can drive and vertically take off has been certified to be tested for production. The current draft regulation needs to be 3
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approved sooner rather than later. It needs to be set in stone before the projected delivery date of
the end of 2025 for these new flying cars (Isidore, 2023). Luckily the new updated concept of operations for UAM has come out in April 2023, so the FAA would need to be more precise in adding these new flying vehicles into the regulation along with new safety guidelines, operations, and licensing. Now, the international regulation for a changed emissions standard.
International Regulation on Emissions
The current regulation the ICAO has on emissions has been written back in 2019. The International Civil Aviation Organization (2019), requests the international aviation sector to improve fuel efficiency by 2% by 2050 and a carbon-neutral growth from 2020 onwards that was
established in the 2010 assembly. The regulation “requests” states to meet the goals or highly “encourages” them (International Civil Aviation Organization, 2019). Given the option for some
airline companies to invest in future operations and not know the outcome if they will lose money, most companies will rather increase their profits than invest in uncertainty. Alternative propulsion options and alternatives to jet fuel have been proposed, but have only been tested at the pilot-scale thus far (Prussi et al., 2021). Proposed Improvement International Emissions Regulation
The improvement for this regulation is to mandate the proposed alternative fuels and alternative propulsion options. Greener fuels and electric jet engines could be the way of the future. If the regulation doesn’t want to change the words like request or encourage, then give them the option to choose either alternative fuels or propulsion options. The EU believes in a unilateral action to force actors to follow down the path of better emissions (
Dikaios & Blavoukos, 2023). Set timelines that are closer to a 3-year mark instead of decades later can help
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as well. Setting timelines farther down the road encourages companies to delay their “options” for a lower emission output caused by their jets. Conclusion
So, in conclusion, many regulations should change due to new technology or real-world issues, for example, climate issues. With these new flying cars recently coming onboard and getting airworthiness certifications, there must be regulations set in place before they start rolling
out the assembly line. Climate concerns are real and need to be addressed with new types of engines or fuels but have a dead-set deadline for improvements. Without set dates, companies will brush it off and kick the can down the road for the next generation to care. 5
References
Ahmed, S., Hulme, K., Fountas, G., Eker, U., Benedyk, I., Still, S., & Anastasopoulos, P. (2020).
The Flying Car—Challenges and Strategies Toward Future Adoption. Frontiers in Built Environment, 6
. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2020.00106
Dikaios, G., & Blavoukos, S. (2023, June). Influencing the International Transport Regime Complex: The EU’s Climate Action in ICAO and IMO.
Politics and Governance
,
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(2), 62–71. https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v11i2.6300
Federal Aviation Administration. (2023, April 26). Urban Air Mobility (UAM) Concept of Operations
. Federal Aviation Administration. https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/Urban%20Air%20Mobility%20%28UAM
%29%20Concept%20of%20Operations%202.0_0.pdf
International Civil Aviation Organization. (2019). Environmental protection - climate change
. ICAO. https://www.icao.int/environmental-protection/Documents/Assembly/Resolution_A40-
18_Climate_Change.pdf
Isidore, C. (2023, July 4). A flying car prototype just got an airworthiness certificate from the FAA.
CNN. Retrieved 5 July, 2023, from https://www.cnn.com/2023/07/03/tech/flying-
car-faa/index.html
Prussi, M., Lee, U., Wang, M., Malina, R., Valin, H., Taheripour, F., Velarde, C., Staples, M. D.,
Lonza, L., & Hileman, J. I. (2021). CORSIA: The first internationally adopted approach to calculate life-cycle GHG emissions for aviation fuels.
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
,
150
, 111398–. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111398
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