GEOG301 lab 5

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Folsom Lake College *

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301

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Geography

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Dec 6, 2023

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Temperature Controls and Patterns Question Sheet Temperature Controls and Patterns Section 1: Temperature Conversion 1. Using the equations above, complete the table below by calculating the corresponding temperatures. Location °F °C Sun’s average surface temperature 9032 5000 Earth’s average surface temperature 57.2 14 Pluto’s average surface temperature -380.2 -229 Average human body temperature 98.2 36.77 Sacramento’s record high temperature 114.08 45.6 Sacramento’s record low temperature 17 -8.33 Temperature outside right now (look it up) 57.2 14 Section 2: Factors Controlling Temperature Keeping the 5 major temperature controls in mind, study the temperature graphs above and answer the questions below. Refer to an atlas as necessary to locate these places. 2. Which major temperature control explains the different temperature patterns observed at Monterey, CA and Death Valley, CA? Land-Water Heating Differences: Death Valley, CA: Being located inland and surrounded by desert terrain, Death Valley heats up quickly during the day due to the intense solar radiation 3. Which major temperature control explains the different temperature patterns observed at Eureka, CA and San Diego, CA? 1

Temperature Controls and Patterns Question Sheet Latitude: Eureka is located much farther north along the California coast, closer to the Oregon border. Its higher latitude means that it receives less direct sunlight, resulting in cooler temperatures, especially in comparison to more southern locations like San Diego. 4. Why does Nairobi have such consistent temperatures throughout the year? Why are the highest temperatures in March and Sept/Oct and the coolest temperature in June/July? Identify the dominant temperature control responsible for this. The consistent temperatures throughout the year and highest/coolest temperature occurrence time are caused by its high altitude & elevation. At higher altitudes, the air is less dense and contains less moisture. As a result, it heats up more slowly during the day and cools down rapidly at night. This leads to milder temperatures overall and less temperature variation throughout the year. 5. There are two temperature patterns shown on the Barrow, AK/McMurdo Station, Antarctica graph. Which line is which? Which location is represented with the dashed line? Explain how you determined which one is which. Barrow, AK is represented by the dashed line and the McMurdo Station, Antarctica would be the solid line because Barrow is located in the northernmost part of Alaska, near the Arctic Ocean. It experiences a polar climate and is subject to extreme cold temperatures during the summer months 6. Which major temperature control explains the different temperature pattern observed at Hilo, HI and Mauna Loa Observatory, HI? Altitude & Elevation & Latitude 7. Which of the above nine stations has the greatest temperature range? The least? Explain why. McMurdo Station, Antarctica has the greatest temperature and Hilo, HI has the least because of their Altitude & Elevation. Hilo, Hawaii’s elevation is relatively low, and this factor contributes to its consistently mild temperatures throughout the year. On the other hand, McMurdo Station is located near the South Pole, which means it experiences extreme seasonal variations in sunlight. During the austral summer, it has continuous daylight, leading to relatively warmer temperatures. And in the austral winter, it has continuous darkness, resulting in extremely cold temperatures. 2

Temperature Controls and Patterns Question Sheet Section 3: Ocean Currents 8. What two (2) island countries located at about 55˚N have a much warmer average January temperature than other countries at the same latitude? United Kingdom and Ireland 9. Why? Refer to an ocean current map in Goode’s World Atlas or the appendix in your laboratory manual and identify the name of the warm current discussed in the previous question. They have a much warmer average January temperature than other countries at the same latitude because of the North Atlantic Current. The North Atlantic Current carries warm water from the tropics and brings it to the northern latitudes. 10. Referring back to the January Normal Temperature map, What four (4) countries located at about 30˚S along the west coast of continents have a colder average January temperature than other countries at the same latitude? (Use the table below to provide your answer) 11. Referring to the same map(s), identify the name of the two cold currents discussed in the question above. Continent Country Adjacent Ocean Current South America Chile Peru Humboldt Current Africa Namibia Benguela Current Angola 3

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