Lab #1
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University of Toronto, Scarborough *
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EESB02
Subject
Geography
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
docx
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7
Uploaded by sindhuhu
Principles of Geomorphology – Lab #1
Basin Morphometry – Highland Creek Catchment
Part 1
1.1)
The stream orders, number of streams in each order and average stream lengths of each
are displayed in the table below:
Stream Order
# of Streams
Avg. Stream Lengths (obtained from topographic maps)
1
21
102.6/21 = 4.88/2.5 = 1.954 km =
1954.29 m
2
6
54.8/6 = 9.13/2.5 = 3.653 km =
3653.33 m
3
2
22/2 = 11/2.5 = 4.400 km =
4400 m
4
1
15.6/1 = 15.6/2.5 = 6.240 km =
6240 m
1.2)
(A)
The graph of stream order vs. number of streams obtained from the printed maps
of the Highland Creek catchment is displayed below:
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
1
10
100
f(x) = 51.44 exp( − 1.02 x )
R² = 0.98
Stream Order vs. Number of Streams
2020
Stream Order
Number of Streams
(
B)
The graph of stream order vs. the average stream length (in metres) obtained from the
printed maps of the Highland Creek catchment is displayed below:
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
100
1000
10000
f(x) = 1495.34 exp( 0.37 x )
R² = 0.95
Stream Order vs. Average Stream Length
2020
Stream Order
Avg. Stream Length (m)
1.3)
The relationship between the stream order vs. the number of streams seems to have a
strong negative relationship as observed visually as well as through the correlation
coefficient (R
2
= 0.9847). Whereas, the relationship between the stream order vs. average
stream length is observed to have a strong positive correlation (R
2
= 0.95).
2.1)
The bifurcation ratio
(ratio of the number of streams in one order to that in the next
higher order):
B
R1
= N
0
/ N
0 + 1
B
R1
= 21
/ 6
B
R1
= 3.5
B
R2
= N
0
/ N
0 + 1
B
R2
= 6/2
B
R2
= 3
B
R3
= N
0
/ N
0 + 1
B
R3
= 2/1
B
R3
= 2
2.2)
Drainage Density
(ratio of the total length of streams over the total drainage area of the
basin) is as following.
The total drainage
area
of the basin calculated in lab 1 was 118.5 km
2
.
D = ∑L / A
D = (stream order 1 + stream order 2 + stream order 3 + stream order 4) / total area
D = (41.04 km + 21.92 km + 8.80 km + 6.24 km) / 118.5 km
2
D = 78km / 118.5 km
2
D = 0.66/km
2.3)
Length Ratio
(ratio of the average length of streams of a given order to the average
length of the next lower order):
L
R1
= Average length stream
order 2 /Average length
stream order 1
= 3.653 km / 1.954 km
= 1.87
L
R2
= Average length stream
order 3 /Average length
stream order 2
= 4.4 km / 3.65 km
= 1.20
L
R3
= Average length
stream order 4 /Average
length stream order 3
= 6.24 km / 4.4 km
= 1.42
2.4)
Relief Ratio
(ratio between basin total relief and basin length):
Max elevation
(from GIS):
206.434
Min elevation
(from GIS): 71.502
Length
of the entire Highland Creek: 38 inches (measured from the printed maps using a
ruler)
Conversion:
38 inches *
1
cm
0.393701
inches
*
20000
cm
1
cm
*
1
m
100
cm
=
19303.99 m
R
H
= H/L
0
(H= Max-min elevations)
R
H
= (206.4 – 71.5)/
19303.99
R
H
= 0.007
2.5)
Basin form
Length obtained: 19303.99 m = 19.30 km
Width: 21 inches *
1
cm
0.393701
inches
*
20000
cm
1
cm
*
1
m
100
cm
=
10667.99
m
= 10.67 km
B
f
= A/L
basin
2
(Basin length = (Length + Width)/2)
B
f
= 118.5 km
2
/ {(19.30km + 10.67km)/ 2}
B
f
= 118.5 km
2
/ 14.985 km
B
f
= 7.91/km
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