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South Dakota State University *

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416

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Mechanical Engineering

Date

Feb 20, 2024

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docx

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12

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Final Design Project Brecklyn Beyer December 8, 2023 ME 416: Renewable Energy Systems 1
Table of Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 3 Changes to Systems ............................................................................................................................. 3 System Name + Changes ..................................................................................................................... 4 Why I made the changes ...................................................................................................................... 6 Calculations/costs ................................................................................................................................ 7 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................... 8 References ........................................................................................................................................... 9 2
Table of Figures and Tables Table 1. Old Vs New System ....................................................................................................................... 8 Figure 1. New Water Heater 4 Figure 2. Solar AC Unit ................................................................................................................................. 4 Figure 3. Backup Furnace ............................................................................................................................. 5 Figure 4. Solar Panels ................................................................................................................................... 5 Figure 5. Solar Panel 2020 vs 2021 Comparsion .......................................................................................... 5 Figure 6. PV Comparison .............................................................................................................................. 6 Figure 7. Generator ...................................................................................................................................... 6 Figure 8. Outdoor Wood Boiler .................................................................................................................... 7 3
Figure 1. New Water Heater Figure 2. Solar AC Unit Introduction With conserving energy there are many different ideas that come to mind. For instance, renewable energy systems provide energy without worrying about paying the electric bill to a local electric company. Some changes within the household may be changed to different appliance installed, appliances removed, or unplugging unused objects within the house. The main idea of this report is to add more renewable energy systems and changing some systems within the cabin itself. The following sections more thoroughly explain these changes. Changes to Systems From the cabin design, there are many appliances that can be evaluated to determine if any will be used and if any were to never be used. Basically the prints determine the layout of the house so with what is shown, there are many appliances that can be switched out or possibly removed from the lack of use. These can be found in the results section where more reasoning is provided. The main idea is to find issues with in the house and from the energy data, research what ideas are possible to save at least 50% or more energy from the calculated results. Some changes made to this system, for example, the air conditioner and furnace were replaced with ones that run off of solar panels and a wood boiler. When adding a wood boiler, the water heater was replaced to full off of the wood boiler but will use propane for a backup. Another improvement made was that the appliances were changed out to energy star appliances in order to reduce unused energy when no one is present in the household. The system will already have a propane tank which will be used to generate the power for the generator when needed as well as a backup for heating using a furnace that runs off of propane only. This would be used when the house is empty and mostly during the winter to ensure a constant temperature of seventy degrees. The model below has been known to run off of 96 percent efficiency so the heat would be running at a rate fairly reasonable with this system. 4 Figure 3. Backup Furnace
Figure 4. Solar Panels Figure 5. Solar Panel 2020 vs 2021 Comparison Figure 6. PV Comparison System Name + Changes Solar panels, a backup generator, and wood boiler were all renewable energy systems added to the cabin for the main energy source where a significance overall cost per year was demonstrated to have been less than the original design. “Solar PV systems cost about $3 per watt installed. A 7,000 watt (7 kilowatt) system therefore costs about $21,000 to install. Such a system would provide 20 to 35 kilowatt-hours of electricity per day, depending on climate, and could meet most of a household’s demand.” [7] From comparing different solar systems, the initial cost for installation was significantly different due to the different wattage and efficiency. The solar panels that would be the most beneficial would be a 22Kw where about 20 panels would be purchased. These would be placed in the back yard and placed at a neutral axis where other systems can generate power if needed. From a comparison from 2020 to 2021 the cost installation has decreased and the efficiency of the panels are relatively the same. The comparison below is for this solar panel that has been used previously and since its shown to have a better efficiency the overall power would be able to produce for the necessary outlets, appliances, as well as being able to power an automatic air conditioner as well. Likewise, the levelized cost of energy from these two similar solar panels were compared in 2020 where the chosen solar panel is more efficient and provided a lower cost of energy. These panels from the study would be the most beneficial choice due to the neutralized angle where an average power is consumed, and the overall power would be sufficient enough to run the house. Similarly, using fuel-based generators can create the necessary power to run the house throughout the day. 5 Figure 7. Generator
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