Lab6-ConservationOfMomentum-Worksheet-vf

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Feb 20, 2024

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Lab 06 1 LAB 6: CONSERVATION OF LINEAR MOMENTUM Final Score: _________ / 100 pts This is the companion worksheet for the lab. This is not a replacement for the step-by- step walkthrough contained in the Lab Manual, rather it is a place to write your data and answers. You may fill in your answers on this sheet digitally or handwritten on paper. This assignment is due DIGITALLY on Canvas in the same day as your lab. This worksheet IS your “lab report.” Cart 2 was stationary NAME: Click or tap here to enter text. SECTION: 801 Introduction What is the Objective for this Lab? Briefly summarize the theory behind the lab, including any relevant equations. (10 pts) The objective for this lab is to measure carts’ velocities before and after an elastic collision, to determine the change of momentum of the carts during the collision, and to compare the momentum before and after the collision for each cart based on the measured masses and velocities. We will explore the theory of the conservation of energy. Some equations that relate to this lab are: P=mv and M1 * Deltav1 = m2* Deltav2
Lab 06 2 Part 1 – One Cart Moving 1. Hypothesis – Make an educated guess. How does momentum before an elastic collision compare to the momentum after the collision? (2 pts) Due to the conservation of momentum, the magnitude will remain the same, but the direction will change. Part 1 Data & Results Cart Line Color in Graph Mass [kg] Change in Velocity [m/s] Change in Momentum [kg*m/s] 1 ¿ 0.2394 kg 1.34 m / s 0.321 kg*m/s 2 ¿ FORMTEXT 0.23 1.40 m / s 0.33012 kg*m/s (10 pts) Include a snapshot of your velocity vs. time graph. (5 pts)
Lab 06 3 2. How does the change in momentum of Cart 1 compare to the change in momentum of Cart 2? Are they the same? Why or why not? (3 pts) The same change in momentum was observed, but they had different signs, which indicates they have opposite directions to each other as they collided and bounced off each other. 3. Describe the motion of the carts during this elastic collision. (2 pts) When the moving cart approached the stationary cart, the impact caused the momentum to be transferred to the stationary cart. The stationary cart became the moving cart. Likewise, the moving cart became the stationary cart. The newly moving cart then bounced back and collided with the newly stationary cart, causing it to become the moving cart again. 4. What were the variables you measured with the sensor used? How can you use this collected data to measure the momentum? (3 pts) We measured the velocity. The velocity is needed to calculate the momentum with the equation p=mv, where v is velocity.
Lab 06 4 5. Was your data smooth or jagged and noisy? Why (to your best estimate) is it common to find noisy data? (3 pts) The data was mostly smooth, but there was some noise. Some sources of noise could be air resistance. In addition, we had issues with our sensor picking up the carts, which lead to noise. In addition, the slight differences in the mass of the carts could contribute to noise. In addition, the two sensors used provide different values for the values relative to its position. However, these values were still similar to each other, and the data is relevant. It is common to find noisy data due to external factors like the ones explained. 6. How does momentum before an elastic collision compare to the momentum after the collision? Is linear momentum conserved? (2 pts) The momentum of the carts swapped after the collision. Overall, the data demonstrates that linear momentum was conserved. 7. How does your hypothesis compare to your results? (2 pts) Our hypothesis that due to the conservation of momentum, the magnitude will remain the same, but the direction will change is supported by our results because the magnitude was very similar but in opposite directions. 8. A device called a Newton's cradle has several small metal balls which may be sent flying into the air. How does this does demonstrate the conservation of momentum? (3 pts) The momentum is transferred through stationary balls in Newton’s cradle. Similar to the carts observed, the moving ball hits the stationary one. However, Newton’s cradle is different in the respect that the momentum goes through more stationary objects, until the momentum reaches a ball that is able to move freely.
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