Lab 8_ Fluid Statics

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Temple University *

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1021

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Mechanical Engineering

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Dec 6, 2023

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Lab 8: Fluid Statics Group Members : Kaira Torres and Oswaldo Anazgo Salas Goal The goal of this experiment is to better understand static equilibrium principles, buoyant force principles, and applications of Archimedes’ method. Additionally, we will learn how to use specific gravity to calculate density and how pressure is dependent on depth. Procedure For Part I, we will calculate the density of the metal slug by measuring and subtracting its weight in air from its weight when submerged in water. We will use a hanging force sensor to calculate the slug’s weight in the air and while submerged. Using our experimental density value, we will infer the material of the slug. Then, we will repeat the experiment using the density of a wooden cylinder, which will float in the water. Part II, we will use an absolute pressure sensor to measure the pressure exerted on a tube as depth increases. Error and Precautions The precautions would be to make sure to use the brass instead of the gray metal since different objects have different densities. Possible sources of error are calibration errors in our force sensor and Capstone. Additionally, if our cylinder was moving while we calculated force, the acceleration could have skewed our results for our total buoyant force. For Part II, there is a possible calibration error for the pressure sensor and human error in measuring depth on the meter stick we had to calculate the depth accurately using a pressure sensor and meter stick. Precautions would be to make sure that the brass and the wood block don’t touch the bottom of the beaker. Results Object Weight in air (N) Weight in water (N) Buoyant Force (N) Density (g/cm^3) Metal Cylinder 2.23 1.42 .81 2.75 Wooden Cylinder .36 -.09 .45 0.8 Metal Slug 1.66 1.47 .19 8.73 Wooden Cylinder and Metal Slug 2.02 1.38 .64 3.16
Data Table of Pressure (kPa-1)vs Depth (cm) Scatterplot of Pressure (kPa-1)vs Depth (cm) Slope = 127 kg/(ms)^2 Y-int: 102 =P0 Questions 1. Use the expression for W (in air) and W( in water ) from the figure above to show that the buoyant force is equal to the difference between the weight in air and the weight in water. Show your work.
2. Show that one can find the density of the unknown object by dividing its weight by the buoyant force: W (object) /F( b ) = P(object)/P( fluid ). To do this, use the following substitutions: 3. Do you think the metal is gold? To answer this, use a reliable online source to look up the density of gold and other common metals. If you don’t think your metal is gold. What is it likely to be? Use your data to support your answer. According to Pearson.com, the density of gold is 19.3g/cm^3. Our experimental value of density for the metal slug was 8.73 g/cm^3. Due to the large difference of density, we do not believe the metal slug is gold. According to Pearson.com, the density of brass is 8.73 g/cm^3.We believe, due to the identical density values, that our metal slug is most likely brass. 4. The total buoyant force acting on both objects is simply the sum of the buoyant force on each individual object: Fb total = Fb wood + Fb slug. Explain why this is true using the fact that the buoyant force is due to the volume of the fluid displaced.
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