MAAE2700 Lab 03 Template
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Lab Report Template
Lab 3 – Quenching & Tempering
Student Name:
Student No:
Date:
Lab Group/Group Members:
1.
Summary
The purpose of the lab was to observe the behaviour of steel material after quenching and
tempering. The behaviour of the materials could be related to its microstructural change that can be
predicted from the continuous cooling transformation diagram. The hardness of the materials was
recorded using a Rockwell C scale and then the samples were heated and quenched, then tempered
and air cooled 3 times at different temperatures. The cooling rate of SAE 1045 and H13 were found
to be 1.142
°C /sec. During the lab, it was concluded that SAE H13 steel was able to retain more
of its hardness throughout the different tempering steps as compared to the plain carbon steel
samples. It was then concluded that the higher impurity content reduces the ferrite grain sizes
which in turn reduces the slippage between the grains which accounts for hardness of SAE H13.
2.
Results and Observations
2.1
Record the hardness of each sample in Table #1 provided below. Ensure to indicate the proper unit
of measure for all data in the table.
1
Table 1: Hardness measurements for various samples in the quenched and tempered condition Hardness
scale used for all measured values:
Rockwell C
Test
Number
Condition
Sample 1
SAE 1020
Sample 2
SAE 1045
Sample 3
SAE 1045
Sample 4
SAE 1080
Sample 5
SAE 3140
Sample 6
SAE H13
1
As-Received
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
2
Heat treated at
1050°C for 15
min. and water
quenched
29.67 C
18 C
17 C
45.2 C
22 C
19.33 C
3
After
tempering at
300°C for 30
min and air
cooled.
23.67 C
15.33 C
--
35 C
21 C
30.5 C
4
After
tempering at
700°C for 30
min and air
cooled.
9.33 C
8 C
--
13.5 C
10.9 C
24 C
5
After
tempering at
1050°C for 15
min. and air
cooled
--
41 C
--
--
--
36 C
2.2
For the last heat treatment (i.e. Test #5 - 1050
°C for 15 min. and air cooled)
record the approximate
time (in seconds) to air cool Sample #2 and Sample #6 from the heat treatment temperature to room
temperature in the space below. Calculate a constant cooling rate for both samples.
Sample 2:
Cooling rate = Change in temperature/ change in time taken
= (22.5 - 1050)/ (15 *60)
= -1.142
°C /sec
Sample 6:
Cooling rate = Change in temperature/ change in time taken
= (22.5 - 1050)/ (15 *60)
= -1.142
°C /sec
2
2.3
For Sample #2 (SAE 1045), draw the continuous cooling curve on the CCT diagram provided in the lab
below for the water quenched condition (Test #2), and the air cooled condition from 1050
°C
(Test
#5). Assume the water quench cooling rate is 100
°C
/sec, and the air cooling rate is as calculated in
question 2.2. For each cooling condition, name the microstructural products that should have
formed and enter them in Table #2.
2.4
For
Sample #6 (SAE H13) draw the continuous cooling curve on the CCT diagram provided in the lab
for the water quenched condition (Test #2), and the air cooled condition from 1050
°C
(Test #5).
Assume the water quench cooling rate is 100
°C
/sec, and the air cooling rate is as calculated in
question 2.2. For each cooling condition, name the microstructural products that should have
formed and enter them in Table #2.
Table 2:
Microstructure of different cooling conditions from the austenizing temperature
Test Condition
Alloy
Microstructural Products
2 – WQ
SAE 1045
Martensite
5 – AC
SAE 1045
Ferrite, perlite, Martensite
2 – WQ
SAE H13
Martensite saturated W/ Carbon
5 – AC
SAE H13
Bainite Saturated W/ Carbon
2.5
Plot the hardness versus tempering temperature for each of the samples (SAE 1020 steel, 1045,
1090, 3140, and H13). Attach your plot in an Appendix at the end of this template. Ensure that the x
and y-axes are properly labeled, and a legend is constructed in order to distinguish the curve for
each material.
2.6
Plot the hardness versus carbon content for the “as-received” and water quenched conditions (i.e.
Test #1, and Test #2). Attach your plot in an Appendix at the end of this template. Ensure that the x and
yaxes are properly labeled, and a legend is constructed in order to distinguish the curve for each test
condition.
3
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