MAAE2700 Lab 03 Template

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Carleton University *

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Mechanical Engineering

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Dec 6, 2023

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Lab Report Template Lab 3 – Quenching & Tempering Student Name: Student No: Date: Lab Group/Group Members: 1. Summary The purpose of the lab was to observe the behaviour of steel material after quenching and tempering. The behaviour of the materials could be related to its microstructural change that can be predicted from the continuous cooling transformation diagram. The hardness of the materials was recorded using a Rockwell C scale and then the samples were heated and quenched, then tempered and air cooled 3 times at different temperatures. The cooling rate of SAE 1045 and H13 were found to be 1.142 °C /sec. During the lab, it was concluded that SAE H13 steel was able to retain more of its hardness throughout the different tempering steps as compared to the plain carbon steel samples. It was then concluded that the higher impurity content reduces the ferrite grain sizes which in turn reduces the slippage between the grains which accounts for hardness of SAE H13. 2. Results and Observations 2.1 Record the hardness of each sample in Table #1 provided below. Ensure to indicate the proper unit of measure for all data in the table. 1
Table 1: Hardness measurements for various samples in the quenched and tempered condition Hardness scale used for all measured values: Rockwell C Test Number Condition Sample 1 SAE 1020 Sample 2 SAE 1045 Sample 3 SAE 1045 Sample 4 SAE 1080 Sample 5 SAE 3140 Sample 6 SAE H13 1 As-Received N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 2 Heat treated at 1050°C for 15 min. and water quenched 29.67 C 18 C 17 C 45.2 C 22 C 19.33 C 3 After tempering at 300°C for 30 min and air cooled. 23.67 C 15.33 C -- 35 C 21 C 30.5 C 4 After tempering at 700°C for 30 min and air cooled. 9.33 C 8 C -- 13.5 C 10.9 C 24 C 5 After tempering at 1050°C for 15 min. and air cooled -- 41 C -- -- -- 36 C 2.2 For the last heat treatment (i.e. Test #5 - 1050 °C for 15 min. and air cooled) record the approximate time (in seconds) to air cool Sample #2 and Sample #6 from the heat treatment temperature to room temperature in the space below. Calculate a constant cooling rate for both samples. Sample 2: Cooling rate = Change in temperature/ change in time taken = (22.5 - 1050)/ (15 *60) = -1.142 °C /sec Sample 6: Cooling rate = Change in temperature/ change in time taken = (22.5 - 1050)/ (15 *60) = -1.142 °C /sec 2
2.3 For Sample #2 (SAE 1045), draw the continuous cooling curve on the CCT diagram provided in the lab below for the water quenched condition (Test #2), and the air cooled condition from 1050 °C (Test #5). Assume the water quench cooling rate is 100 °C /sec, and the air cooling rate is as calculated in question 2.2. For each cooling condition, name the microstructural products that should have formed and enter them in Table #2. 2.4 For Sample #6 (SAE H13) draw the continuous cooling curve on the CCT diagram provided in the lab for the water quenched condition (Test #2), and the air cooled condition from 1050 °C (Test #5). Assume the water quench cooling rate is 100 °C /sec, and the air cooling rate is as calculated in question 2.2. For each cooling condition, name the microstructural products that should have formed and enter them in Table #2. Table 2: Microstructure of different cooling conditions from the austenizing temperature Test Condition Alloy Microstructural Products 2 – WQ SAE 1045 Martensite 5 – AC SAE 1045 Ferrite, perlite, Martensite 2 – WQ SAE H13 Martensite saturated W/ Carbon 5 – AC SAE H13 Bainite Saturated W/ Carbon 2.5 Plot the hardness versus tempering temperature for each of the samples (SAE 1020 steel, 1045, 1090, 3140, and H13). Attach your plot in an Appendix at the end of this template. Ensure that the x and y-axes are properly labeled, and a legend is constructed in order to distinguish the curve for each material. 2.6 Plot the hardness versus carbon content for the “as-received” and water quenched conditions (i.e. Test #1, and Test #2). Attach your plot in an Appendix at the end of this template. Ensure that the x and yaxes are properly labeled, and a legend is constructed in order to distinguish the curve for each test condition. 3
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