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Apr 3, 2024

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Bailey Burch Step 7 (180-188) (Page Numbers of the PDF correspond to each item below) 1. Pg 36 What provided a “boost” to the multielement design?  The multielement design got its biggest boost in 1982 when Brian Iwata and his colleagues choose this methodology to demonstrate functional analysis in the treatment of self-injury. 2. Pg 39 How is experimental control demonstrated using a multielement design?  The experimental control was demonstrated by bringing the same behavior (of one or more participants) under the control of several different experimental procedures, each of which is associated with a different discriminative stimulus. 3. Pg 39 When should a multielement design be used?  Multielement design will be used under circumstances where several different contingency arrangements or biological variables need to be compared simultaneously. 4. Pgs 41 – 44 List and briefly describe the limiting conditions of the multielement design?  One limiting condition, then, involves the extent to which rapidly changing from one condition to another is feasible. Another limiting condition is whether one condition might affect another in a “carryover” effect. 5. Pg 43 How is experimental control demonstrated using a changing-criterion design?  A changing-criterion design shows experimental control by demonstrating that changes in the level of a behavior occur only when the criterion (usually for the delivery of reinforcers or escape) changes. Once stability at the criterion is met, a new one is set, and the behavior must then conform to this new criterion. Experimental control is shown because behavior changes only when a new criterion is established. 6. Pg 44 When should a changing-criterion design be used?  A changing-criterion design be used where the target behavior is unidimensional (otherwise use a multiple baseline) and where the intervention involves changing some contingency, also along one dimension. Any treatment program that seeks a stepwise reduction in, for example weight or drinking, or a similar increase in, exercise or problem solves, would be appropriate. 7. Pgs 44 – 45 List and briefly describe the limiting conditions of the changing-criterion design?  It is a rather-limited use design. There must be a baseline of sufficient length to allow prediction of behavior if no changes are made, and the first criterion change intervention must produce a visually significant change, as with a reversal design. Each criterion must be significantly different from the previous one to allow for a visual detection of a difference, and each must be kept in force until stability has been reached. Any trending will destroy the usefulness of the design.

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