ME4351L-Lab Manual LVDT(1)
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ME 435L Page 1 CANTILEVER BEAM EXPERIMENT Objective To determine the elastic modulus of three materials in the form of a cantilevered beam and to determine the uncertainty in the results Equipment 1.
LVDT with integrated ± 15 VDC power supply 2.
NI Elvis Platform DMM 3.
3 Beams of different materials 4.
Cantilever beam support 5.
Box of Brass Weights 6.
Calipers 7.
Yardstick Procedure 1.
Mount the first beam to the support fixture. Adjust it laterally until the threaded hole is directly over the LVDT core. Tighten using the Allen wrench located next to the beam.
ME 435L Page 2 Calibration 2.
Calibrate the LVDT, this is done by using the pitch information for the screw thread (the particular threads used here are #
6-40
). 3.
Connect the LVDT output to the DMM pin holes on the breadboard of NI Elvis II. Rotate the inner coil by advancing the screw 1 turn and record the voltage readout of DMM. Repeat this step until 6 points are gathered in order to generate a calibration curve for the LVDT (voltage vs. number of turns). Deflection Measurements 4.
Using the calipers and yardstick supplied, record the appropriate dimensions for the beam setup, which will enable you to use the standard deflection equation for a cantilever beam. 5.
Load the beam with the provided weights 0.1 lb to 1 lb
with an increment of 0.1 lb. Record the output from the LVDT for each load using handheld DVM. 6.
Convert the results to a displacement for the beam using the calibration curve established in Step 2 above. 7.
Repeat the above steps with two more beams of different materials. Analysis/Write-Up 1.
Plot the calibration data (voltage vs. inch) and perform a least-squares linear curve fit. Report the sensitivity of the LVDT and quantitatively discuss the error caused by assuming linearity. 2.
Using the results of your experiment, plot displacement as a function of load and determine the elastic modulus of the material in each beam based on the cantilever beam equation: 𝑌𝑌
=
𝑃𝑃𝑥𝑥
2
6
𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸
(
𝑥𝑥 −
3
𝑙𝑙
)
ME 435L Page 3 3.
Perform an uncertainty analysis using the deflection at the end for the elastic modulus based on the variables involved in your calculation as follows: 𝛿𝛿
=
𝑌𝑌
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
=
𝑃𝑃𝑙𝑙
3
3
𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸
𝐸𝐸
=
𝑃𝑃𝑙𝑙
3
3
𝛿𝛿𝐸𝐸
=
𝑃𝑃𝑙𝑙
3
3
𝛿𝛿
1
12
𝑏𝑏
ℎ
3
𝑢𝑢
𝐸𝐸
𝐸𝐸
= ±
��
𝑢𝑢
𝑃𝑃
𝑃𝑃
�
2
+
�
3
𝑢𝑢
𝑙𝑙
𝑙𝑙
�
2
+
�
𝑢𝑢
𝛿𝛿
𝛿𝛿
�
2
+
�
𝑢𝑢
𝑏𝑏
𝑏𝑏
�
2
+
�
3
𝑢𝑢
ℎ
ℎ
�
2
4.
State which error has the greatest effect on your final result. 5.
Discuss the methodology of the experiment, and explain the possible causes of unexpected results in this experiment. 6.
What limits the resolution of the LVDT in the experiment? 7.
What effect does drift of the LVDT have on the measured data? 8.
Identify the type of material of each beam by comparing the measured Young’s Modulus to tabulated values in your Strength of Materials book. Compute the percent error. 9.
In background section, explain how an LVDT works. 10.
In theory section, show the deflection equation for a cantilever beam Report 1.
Organize your report similar to the template given in the temperature experiment Lab Manual. 2.
Use the following data and pictures for your report
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Related Questions
com/courses/30733/quizzes/403714/take/questions/5614084
Question 3
3.).
THE SPRING RATE OF
EACH SPRING ARE ALL
THE SAME. (SR = 27ON/m)
WHAT IS THE CHANGE IN
LENGTH IN EACH SPRINGS
AND THE TOTAL DEFLEC-
TION, IF THE LOAD HAS-
A MASS OF g kg!
NOTE: USE g=9.so66 m/s?
Yr (mm)
Y1 (m)
Y2 (m)
Y3 (m)
A SP IRE
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Question 3
A simply supported beam with the boundary conditions as shown.
An applied load, F is acted at the center of the beam and causes a deflection, y in meter.
Using the value from the Table to plot a graph and using the moment of area and cantilever beam theory to determine the value of
Young's Modulus, E of the beam in N/m².
The following data are obtained in a simple experiment:
F(N)
y(m)
0
0
2.45
0.00043
Given that the moment of area, I=4.572x 10-10m4
The length of the beam, L = 0.25m
FL3
According to the cantilever beam theory: y = -
48EI
14.71
4.9 7.36 9.81 12.26
0.00087 0.00131 0.00175 0.00218 0.00262
F
L/2
40 Points
I
www
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vi) Using Macauley's method, determine the deflection of the member at the locations where
the 25 kN, 20 kN and 50 kN point loads are applied. Comment on how the maximum
deflection of the member could be determined.
1
Engineering Design & Analysis 2
25 kN
Delta Strain 20 kN
Gauge
5 kN/m
50 kN
D=100 mm
! 5.75 kNm
8 kN/m
110.kN
_7.5MIN/m2
1.5m
l0.5m l0.5ml 0.75m 0.5m|
t=15 mm
4m
Ес 3 375x10-5
Ев — 550х10-6
Data: Material properties for steel:
Maximum allowable tensile stress = 750 MN/m?
Maximum allowable torsional shear stress = 375 MN/m?
%3D
Young's Modulus of elasticity = 205 GN/m²
Modulus of rigidity = 81 GN/m?
Poisson's ratio = 0.31
EA = 880x106
%3D
Delta Strain Gauge Readings at
Point X on Member
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Deform hw. Please help
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cross-section width w = 20 mm,
cross-section hight h = 93 mm,
length of the beam L =3 m ,
beam material’s Young’s modulus Q =226 GPa,
applied bending moment MB = 11 kN.m
The value of the deflection at Point B caused by MB ( Part I) can be calculated as 138.91mm
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6 30.| zain IQ
bäð öeljäll - 2_5217624247974759356.pdf
ビン
Cumaression
-5ッ7.o46
+3.M
N.A
Coupression
Tens.'on
Teusiou
HiWi A beam with I cross-Section is Subjected to negative
bending moment M: 50 k.m.The Cross sectioncel dimensions
of the beam are shown. Determine the magnitude of maximum
pendling stress.
loumm
120 mm
و من ۹
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13. You wish to raise a 1700 kg steel beam straight up by 50 m. You have a 1000 m long ramp and a pulley system with 10 sets of pulleys and you can use either to lift the steel beam. Which would be the easiest to use?
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M=E/p².
(b) Show that the lightest cantilever beam of length
L and square section (area free) that will not deflect
by more than 8 under an end load F is that made of
the material with the largest value of
M = Ep (neglect self-weight).
loungs modulusE GPa
Plot each index on the given (E- p) chart indicating the search area for materials with the highest
values of each.
1000
HINT:
Start each of the problem by listing the function, the objective and the constraints. You will need
the equations for the deflection of a cantilever beam with a square cross-section t x t. You can
either derive the equations or use the equations provided in Appendix B, Section B3.
100
10
1
10-1
10-2
Loungs modulus density
10-4
Longitudinal
wave speed
10 ms
3x10²
Foams.
10 ms-
10-3 3x10²
Rigid polymer
foams
10 ms
Technical
ceramics
Al alloys
Composites CFRP
Glass
Bamboo Mg alloys
GFRP
Wood
Flexible polymer
foams
Natural PMMA-
materials PA
grain
Cork
PS
Wood
grain
Leat e
EVA
Isoprene
Buty
rubber
B4C.
Polyester…
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I Review
Learning Goal:
Part A- Vertical impact
To calculate displacement and stresses due to vertical and horizontal impact loads.
A 10-kg block is dropped from 1.5 m onto the center of a simply supported beam with a length 3 m. The beam has a square section with side length 6.5 cm. The material has E = 200 GPa . What is the maximum
deflection?
When an object strikes a structure that responds by deforming in linear elastic fashion, the
object comes to rest when the structure has undergone maximum deflection. At that
moment, the structure's strain energy must equal the sum of the energies before the impact,
including both the object's kinetic energy and its gravitational potential energy.
Express your answer with appropriate units to three significant figures.
> View Available Hint(s)
When an object falls from rest onto a structure, the object's gravitational potential energy is
converted into strain energy in the structure. The total strain energy in the structure at the
point of…
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Consider the beam shown in (Eigure 1). Suppose that
w=360 N/m
Figure
Ⓒ1of1>
1 of 1
-3m
Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units
▸ View Available Hint(s)
F = 675 N
Previous Answers
✓ Correct
Correct answer is shown. Your answer 674 N was either rounded differently or used a different number of
significant figures than required for this part
Here we learn how to find a reaction force on a beam at a rocker on an inclined surface caused by an
external distributed loading, using equations of equilibrium
Part B
Determine the and y components of reaction at I using scalar notation
Express your answers in newtons to three significant figures separated by a comma.
▸ View Available Hint(s)
VAX vec
B..B,- 405,540
Submit Previous Answers
Incorrect; Try Again; 3 attempts remaining
N
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:
71
4G
....
Vo
LTE
TL
Deflection
1- The beam is subjected to the linearly varying distributed load. Determine the maximum
slope and the maximum deflection of the beam. El is constant.
Me
Ma
...
2- Determine the equation of the elastic curve, the slope at A, and the deflection at B of the
simply supported beam. El is constant.
30 kN/m
الشيت.pdf
B
3:07 م "2 ©
D
3- Determine the maximum deflection of the cantilevered beam. The beam is made of material
having an E 200 GPa and I = 65 x 10 mm.
15KN
4- The beam is subjected to the load P as shown. Determine the magnitude of force F that must
be applied at the end of the overhang C so that the deflection at C is zero. El is constant
C
-13-
6- The wide-flange beam has a length of 2L, a depth 2c, and a constant EI. Determine the
maximum height h at which a weight W can be dropped on its end without exceeding a
maximum elastic stress in the beam.
7- The rod has a circular cross section with a moment of inertia I. If a vertical force P is applied…
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Help me solve this please
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Show all calculation and formula used:
The second floor portion of a house is about to break down, so it was propped up by an iron column 4.0 meters long with cross sectional area of 30.0 cm^2. The iron column was compressed by 0.015 mm. How much load (N) the iron column is supporting? Y of iron = 19x10^10 Pa
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need help calculating displecment / deflection using formula:
W*L3 / 48*E*I
W: 0,5,10,15,20,25 (N)
L3: 0.4m
E: Modulus of elasticity of Aluminum
I: moment of Inertia: 1.51 x 10^-9
The cross section of material is aluminum tube 12.7mm x 9.5mm
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A bar of Al,03 that is 0.25 in. thick, 0.5 in.
wide, and 9 in. long is tested in a three-
point bending apparatus with the supports
located 6 in. apart. The deflection of the
center of the bar is measured as a function
of the applied load. The data are shown
below. Determine the flexural strength
and the flexural modulus.
Force (Ib)
Deflection (in.)
14.5
0.0025
28.9
0.0050
43.4
0.0075
57.9
0.0100
86.0
0.0149 (fracture)
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O True
O False
QUESTION 3
Compute the expected properties of modulus of elasticity (Ec) of a composite made from S-glass fibers and a Polyester matrix. The volume fraction of fibers is
30%. (Unit is psi.)
Properties of Sample Matrix and Filler Materials
Tensile strength
Tఅబండి
Specific weight
bai
MPa
10 psi
GPa
Iblin
Matrix materials:
Polyester
Ероху
Aluminum
10
18
45
69
124
310
1170
0.40
0.56
10.0
165
2.76
3.86
69
114
0.047
12.7
0.047
12.7
0.100
0.160
27.1
Titanium
Filler materials:
170
43.4
S-glass
Carbon-PAN
Carbon-PAN (high-strength)
Carbon (high-modulus)
Aramid
600
470
4140
3240
5650
2200
3450
12.5
33.5
40
100
86.2
231
276
690
131
0.09
0.064
24.4
17.4
17.7
820
325
500
0రవ
0.078
0.052
21.2
19.0
14.1
Click Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save All Answers to save all answers.
earch
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The Answer is one of the options below please solve and circle the correct option .
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7
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Please send me the solution of the question
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Bending:
Show all Equations Used!
Consider a cantilevered, rectangular beam subjected to a load pro-
duced by a 1 kg point mass at the (free) tip of the beam. Assume that
beam material is made of Aluminum and that the beam is 11 in. long, 1
in. wide and 1/8 in. thick.
1. Based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, determine the deflection (in
milimeters) of the beam.
2. Determine the longitudinal stress (in MPa), longitudinal strain and
transverse strain at the root of the beam.
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A propped cantilever beam is loaded by a bending moment of the magnitude MB at t
point B as shown in Figure Q1. The cross-section of the beam is a rectangle of the
width w and the hight ʼn that are constant along the length of the beam L. The beam
material's Young's modulus is Q.
AY
Figure Q1
B
X
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Consider the fiberglass beam shown in (Figure 1).
Suppose that wi = 2.2 kN/m and w2 = 2.7 kN/m.
Part A
Determine the maximum shear stress acting in the beam at the section where the internal shear force is maximum.
Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units.
HA
?
Tmax =
Value
Units
Submit
Request Answer
Figure
1 of 1
Provide Feedback
Next >
2 m
2 m
0.6 m
100 mm
18 mm
150 mm
12 mm
100 mm
18 mm
P Pearson
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۸:۳۰ م السبت 16 أبریل
a elearn.ict.edu.om
Q-1
.Construct the shear force and bending moment diagram for the beam shown below.
150N
75N
50N
E
5m
4m
2m
3m
Ay
By
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A 0.4m long steel rod has a diameter of 0.05m and a modulus of elasticity of 20x10^4 MPa. The rod
supports a 10000N compressive load. What is most nearly the decrease in the steel rod's length?
a. 1.3 x 10^-6 m
b. 2.5 x 10^-6 m
c. 5.1 x 10^-6 m
d 1.0 x 10^-5 m
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1. A beam is loaded and supported as shown below.
(a) Using the coordinate system shown, determine the equation of the elastic curve
in terms of x, w, L, E, and I by integrating the beam deflection equation.
Determine the deflection at B for a structural steel S203 x 34 American standard
beam, if L = 5 m and w = 2 kN/m.
(b)
Y
A
X
W
L
|B
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Can someone please help me to solve the following problem showing all work neatly thank you!
E = 207 GPA
I = 12.8 x10^6 mm^4
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- Deform hw. Please helparrow_forwardcross-section width w = 20 mm, cross-section hight h = 93 mm, length of the beam L =3 m , beam material’s Young’s modulus Q =226 GPa, applied bending moment MB = 11 kN.m The value of the deflection at Point B caused by MB ( Part I) can be calculated as 138.91mmarrow_forward6 30.| zain IQ bäð öeljäll - 2_5217624247974759356.pdf ビン Cumaression -5ッ7.o46 +3.M N.A Coupression Tens.'on Teusiou HiWi A beam with I cross-Section is Subjected to negative bending moment M: 50 k.m.The Cross sectioncel dimensions of the beam are shown. Determine the magnitude of maximum pendling stress. loumm 120 mm و من ۹arrow_forward
- 13. You wish to raise a 1700 kg steel beam straight up by 50 m. You have a 1000 m long ramp and a pulley system with 10 sets of pulleys and you can use either to lift the steel beam. Which would be the easiest to use?arrow_forwardM=E/p². (b) Show that the lightest cantilever beam of length L and square section (area free) that will not deflect by more than 8 under an end load F is that made of the material with the largest value of M = Ep (neglect self-weight). loungs modulusE GPa Plot each index on the given (E- p) chart indicating the search area for materials with the highest values of each. 1000 HINT: Start each of the problem by listing the function, the objective and the constraints. You will need the equations for the deflection of a cantilever beam with a square cross-section t x t. You can either derive the equations or use the equations provided in Appendix B, Section B3. 100 10 1 10-1 10-2 Loungs modulus density 10-4 Longitudinal wave speed 10 ms 3x10² Foams. 10 ms- 10-3 3x10² Rigid polymer foams 10 ms Technical ceramics Al alloys Composites CFRP Glass Bamboo Mg alloys GFRP Wood Flexible polymer foams Natural PMMA- materials PA grain Cork PS Wood grain Leat e EVA Isoprene Buty rubber B4C. Polyester…arrow_forwardI Review Learning Goal: Part A- Vertical impact To calculate displacement and stresses due to vertical and horizontal impact loads. A 10-kg block is dropped from 1.5 m onto the center of a simply supported beam with a length 3 m. The beam has a square section with side length 6.5 cm. The material has E = 200 GPa . What is the maximum deflection? When an object strikes a structure that responds by deforming in linear elastic fashion, the object comes to rest when the structure has undergone maximum deflection. At that moment, the structure's strain energy must equal the sum of the energies before the impact, including both the object's kinetic energy and its gravitational potential energy. Express your answer with appropriate units to three significant figures. > View Available Hint(s) When an object falls from rest onto a structure, the object's gravitational potential energy is converted into strain energy in the structure. The total strain energy in the structure at the point of…arrow_forward
- Consider the beam shown in (Eigure 1). Suppose that w=360 N/m Figure Ⓒ1of1> 1 of 1 -3m Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units ▸ View Available Hint(s) F = 675 N Previous Answers ✓ Correct Correct answer is shown. Your answer 674 N was either rounded differently or used a different number of significant figures than required for this part Here we learn how to find a reaction force on a beam at a rocker on an inclined surface caused by an external distributed loading, using equations of equilibrium Part B Determine the and y components of reaction at I using scalar notation Express your answers in newtons to three significant figures separated by a comma. ▸ View Available Hint(s) VAX vec B..B,- 405,540 Submit Previous Answers Incorrect; Try Again; 3 attempts remaining Narrow_forward: 71 4G .... Vo LTE TL Deflection 1- The beam is subjected to the linearly varying distributed load. Determine the maximum slope and the maximum deflection of the beam. El is constant. Me Ma ... 2- Determine the equation of the elastic curve, the slope at A, and the deflection at B of the simply supported beam. El is constant. 30 kN/m الشيت.pdf B 3:07 م "2 © D 3- Determine the maximum deflection of the cantilevered beam. The beam is made of material having an E 200 GPa and I = 65 x 10 mm. 15KN 4- The beam is subjected to the load P as shown. Determine the magnitude of force F that must be applied at the end of the overhang C so that the deflection at C is zero. El is constant C -13- 6- The wide-flange beam has a length of 2L, a depth 2c, and a constant EI. Determine the maximum height h at which a weight W can be dropped on its end without exceeding a maximum elastic stress in the beam. 7- The rod has a circular cross section with a moment of inertia I. If a vertical force P is applied…arrow_forwardHelp me solve this pleasearrow_forward
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