ME4351L-Lab Manual LVDT(1)

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Victor Valley College *

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1A

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Mechanical Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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pdf

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5

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ME 435L Page 1 CANTILEVER BEAM EXPERIMENT Objective To determine the elastic modulus of three materials in the form of a cantilevered beam and to determine the uncertainty in the results Equipment 1. LVDT with integrated ± 15 VDC power supply 2. NI Elvis Platform DMM 3. 3 Beams of different materials 4. Cantilever beam support 5. Box of Brass Weights 6. Calipers 7. Yardstick Procedure 1. Mount the first beam to the support fixture. Adjust it laterally until the threaded hole is directly over the LVDT core. Tighten using the Allen wrench located next to the beam.
ME 435L Page 2 Calibration 2. Calibrate the LVDT, this is done by using the pitch information for the screw thread (the particular threads used here are # 6-40 ). 3. Connect the LVDT output to the DMM pin holes on the breadboard of NI Elvis II. Rotate the inner coil by advancing the screw 1 turn and record the voltage readout of DMM. Repeat this step until 6 points are gathered in order to generate a calibration curve for the LVDT (voltage vs. number of turns). Deflection Measurements 4. Using the calipers and yardstick supplied, record the appropriate dimensions for the beam setup, which will enable you to use the standard deflection equation for a cantilever beam. 5. Load the beam with the provided weights 0.1 lb to 1 lb with an increment of 0.1 lb. Record the output from the LVDT for each load using handheld DVM. 6. Convert the results to a displacement for the beam using the calibration curve established in Step 2 above. 7. Repeat the above steps with two more beams of different materials. Analysis/Write-Up 1. Plot the calibration data (voltage vs. inch) and perform a least-squares linear curve fit. Report the sensitivity of the LVDT and quantitatively discuss the error caused by assuming linearity. 2. Using the results of your experiment, plot displacement as a function of load and determine the elastic modulus of the material in each beam based on the cantilever beam equation: 𝑌𝑌 = 𝑃𝑃𝑥𝑥 2 6 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 ( 𝑥𝑥 − 3 𝑙𝑙 )
ME 435L Page 3 3. Perform an uncertainty analysis using the deflection at the end for the elastic modulus based on the variables involved in your calculation as follows: 𝛿𝛿 = 𝑌𝑌 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 𝑃𝑃𝑙𝑙 3 3 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 𝐸𝐸 = 𝑃𝑃𝑙𝑙 3 3 𝛿𝛿𝐸𝐸 = 𝑃𝑃𝑙𝑙 3 3 𝛿𝛿 1 12 𝑏𝑏 3 𝑢𝑢 𝐸𝐸 𝐸𝐸 = ± �� 𝑢𝑢 𝑃𝑃 𝑃𝑃 2 + 3 𝑢𝑢 𝑙𝑙 𝑙𝑙 2 + 𝑢𝑢 𝛿𝛿 𝛿𝛿 2 + 𝑢𝑢 𝑏𝑏 𝑏𝑏 2 + 3 𝑢𝑢 2 4. State which error has the greatest effect on your final result. 5. Discuss the methodology of the experiment, and explain the possible causes of unexpected results in this experiment. 6. What limits the resolution of the LVDT in the experiment? 7. What effect does drift of the LVDT have on the measured data? 8. Identify the type of material of each beam by comparing the measured Young’s Modulus to tabulated values in your Strength of Materials book. Compute the percent error. 9. In background section, explain how an LVDT works. 10. In theory section, show the deflection equation for a cantilever beam Report 1. Organize your report similar to the template given in the temperature experiment Lab Manual. 2. Use the following data and pictures for your report
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