Phys1111 - Representations of Motion

.pdf

School

Georgia State University *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

4520

Subject

Physics

Date

Dec 6, 2023

Type

pdf

Pages

6

Uploaded by ElderJayMaster324

1 Phys1111: Representations of Motion in One Dimension Name: Group Members: Date: TA’s Name: Apparatus: Aluminum track and supports, PASCO Smart Cart, two cart stops (one for each end of track). Objectives: 1) To be able to define acceleration and determine its sign. 2) To connect the signs of velocity and acceleration with speeding up and slowing down motions. 3) To understand the relationships between position and velocity vs. time graphs and acceleration. Part A: Set-up and Coordinate System When the cart is set into motion on an inclined aluminum track, it will move with a constant acceleration that depends on the angle of the track with the horizontal. By giving a small push to start it, the cart can be made to move either toward or away from the cart stop at top of the incline. In each case, the Smart Cart sensors will capture the motion of the cart and Capstone software will plot position vs. time, and velocity vs. time on the computer. Take a look at the smart cart. Smart cart has a built in coordinate system such that any starting position on the track may be assumed as the origin. This coordinate system is shown on the cart as x,y,z directions. Therefore, if the cart moves in the direction shown on the cart’s +x direction, it considers positions as positive positions and if the cart moves in the backward direction (-x), it considers positions as negative. Thus, positive and negative positions are determined based on how you align the cart’s motion with its printed coordinate system. Once you select the + direction of velocity then, throughout the experiment (parts A through F) you should never change that orientation. Select the orientation of the cart as the following that is kept fixed throughout the experiment Front of the cart or +x axis is pointing at the bottom cart stop. Moving direction Sign of positions Sign of velocity Moving down the incline Moving up the incline
2 Part B: Equipment set-up and practice Set up your cart and track as shown by your TA. Launch Capstone on your computer. Then start a new experiment and select “two displays.” Each Smart Cart has a number and make sure to select the correct Smart Cart by matching the Smart Cart number to connect the carts to the software. Select one display to be a graph and select position as the measurement. Select the other display to be a graph of velocity. Set the number of decimal places to 3 for each variable by choosing Data Summary on the left side menu bar and selecting the Properties for each measurement then selecting Numerical Format . After changing Number of Decimal Places to 3, click OK and proceed to the Properties for the next variable. See instructor if you need help with this. Take some practice data while carefully moving the cart on the incline with cart +x direction pointed downward as explained above.
3 Part C: Graphs for Speeding Up 1. Use the inclined track to produce a motion where the cart is speeding up . Draw a sketch and describe the set-up you needed to get that motion (for example, which way is track tilted, where does cart start and which direction is it moving). 2. Record position vs. time and velocity vs. time graphs using Capstone. Expand the scale of the position vs. time graph to see it well. Is the position positive or negative? ______________________ 3. Describe the shape of the position vs. time graph. (flat, straight, curved up, curved down, etc.) 4. Also expand the velocity vs. time graph so that it’s easier to see. Is the velocity positive or negative? _______________________ 5. Describe the shape of the velocity vs. time graph. (flat, straight, curved up, curved down, etc.) 6. In Capstone, highlight the velocity data for the part of the motion that corresponds to the cart speeding up. Use the fitting tool to determine the acceleration by finding the slope of the velocity vs. time data (just for the part of the motion where the cart is speeding up). Acceleration = ______________________ (Remember sign and units) 7. Is the acceleration positive or negative? _________________________________________ 8. Is the velocity vector up the incline or down? ______________________ Is the acceleration vector up the incline or down? ______________________ On your sketch in Question 1, draw the velocity and acceleration vectors and label them. Have your TA check your graphs for Speeding Up and initial below before you go on . TA initials :
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
  • Access to all documents
  • Unlimited textbook solutions
  • 24/7 expert homework help