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Dec 6, 2023

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Answer key Physics 103 Fall 2020 “Transfer of Heat Energy” Online Lab Work Product of James Sweet Due Date: November 3 or 4, depending on day your lab section meets. Submit your work via e-mail. Scoring Rubric: Lab Score (0-5 points) __________ 5 pts. Good faith effort to complete 0-2pts. Incomplete, did not seek assistance or minimal effort shown 0 pts. Not submitted . I. Student Performance Objectives: Give a definition for heat. Give an examples of heat gain or lose heat by conduction, convection and radiation. Explain the effect that specific heat value has on the temperature changes of substances. Experimentally determine the specific heat of water The student performance objects should guide you in preparing for the midterm and final lab exams. Research indicates that If you read these objectives over before doing this lab you will increase your chances of retaining the important skills and concepts you need to master. You may or may not have had a lecture on the topics covered in this lab. Keep in mind, all information you need to successfully complete this lab, including resources to assist you in understanding the basic concepts have been included. Many of these concepts are the same as those you will be presented in lecture.
II. Basic Concepts-Methods of Heat Transfer A. Watch videos and answer the questions. 1. Heat Energy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ldMcDvm29eA Answer the following questions: a. What is the definition of heat? Heat is the transfer of energy from objects of higher temperatures to lower temperature. b. What unit is heat energy measured in? Unit of heat energy is the Joule. c. What is the direction of heat flow? From objects of higher temperatures to objects of lower temperature. There must be a temperature difference, it doesn’t matter how high the temperature of the two objects are, if they are the same temperature not heat energy will be transferred. d. What are the three methods of heat transfer? Conduction, convection and radiation e. When you add heat energy to a substance, what happens to the energy of the molecules of the substance. Increases
f. Assume you place a flask of hot coffee in an ice bath. The ice and the flask are in a “magic” box that contains no air and will not let energy in or out. If the ice gained 2 joules of energy, how much energy did the hot coffee lose? 2 J An example of Law of Conservation of energy. 2. Eureka!24 – Conduction https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yitiw6Y7xZg&t=48s a. When you heat up one end of a metal pipe the other end will become warmer. How does this happen? Include in your explanation the role that free electrons play The atoms and free electrons at the heated gain in kinetic energy. As they strike other atoms and free electrons, they pass the added energy on. The free electrons have more freedom of motion and are very efficient in passing the energy along by colliding with other free electrons . 3. Eureka!27 – Convection https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IfeRaOb_E-s a. The temperature at the front of the Lecture Hall in JE-108, which has stadium type seating, is much cooler than the back. Using the concepts of density, buoyancy and convection, explain why? The floor in front of the hall is at a greater distance from the ceiling than in the back of the room. The warmer air is less dense and therefore has greater buoyancy and therefore, will rise above the cooler air and collect near the ceiling. The cooler air in the room will sink towards the lowest level which is at the front on the room. The warmer air will collect near the highest level.
Convection is the process of movement of air caused by differences in density caused by temperature difference. b. Often ceiling fans have a switch to change the direction the fan turns. You can set it to either blow air toward the floor or pull air up from the floor. What setting should you have the fan on in the winter? Why? In the summer? Why? Blow the warmer air done in winter. Pull the cooler air that collects near the floor up. As the cool air moves up it will cool the people in the room. 4. Eureka!29- Radiation Waves https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwSB_GhCrF0 Eureka!30-Radiation Spectrum https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XrNGWcdZ6GY The greenhouse effect, explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fYqdKiT0Eqo a. What is infrared radiation? It is a type of electromagnetic wave. The electromagnetic waves differ in wavelengths, frequency and energy content. See the diagram below. Dark colored objects absorb infrared radiations better than light colored objects. Infrared radiation is sometimes referred to as heat waves.
b. Why are you cooler on hot sunny day if you wear light colored clothing versus dark? Light colors reflect the visible light and infrared. c. As you may know, a black colored car hood can get hot enough in summer to fry an egg. If a white car and a black are parked next to each other on a sunny summer day, which car would cool down first after sunset? Justify, your answer. The rate of cooling would be lower for the white hood than the black hood. Good absorbers of radiation are also good emitters. White and shiny silvery surfaces are the worst absorbers, as they reflect all visible light wavelengths. Poor absorbers are also poor emitters, and do not emit radiation as quickly as darker colors.
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