Seven Dimensions

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1 The Seven Dimensions Melanie Comer PSY: Applied Behavior Analysis, Capella University PSY7708 Section 14: Basic Foundations in Applied Behavior Analysis Ryan O’Donnell October 23, 2002

2 The Seven Dimensions The 1968 article JAMA article titled "Some current Dimensions of Behavior Analysis” names the seven foundational principles of ABA as The Seven Dimensions. These dimensions are defined as key characteristics of the field that are still being used today (Baer, et al., 1968). Applied, Behavioral, Analytic, Technological, Generality, Conceptually Systematic and Effective as described and defined by Baer, et al., are the Seven Dimensions that are being explored in this paper. Applied- Behavior is socially significant, the behavior analyst will examine how individual behavior will change and if the change affects the individual and those close to the individual. There is typically a close relationship between the motive, the behavior and the subject which are being studied. Behavioral- The analyst measures how the individual’s behavior changes, not what is interpreted about the behavior or another person’s behavior. The challenge of measuring socially significant behaviors in their natural settings and not resorting to the measurement of non-behavioral substitutes must be met. Analytic- Experimenters must be able to control the occurrence and nonoccurrence of the behavior. Behavior can be changed by modifying the environmental variables that precede behavior. Analysts study and practice precise control over the variables to improve behavior. Believability is the goal. Technological- A analysts’ study or intervention should be detailed, concise and written so that any researcher should understand and have the ability to repeat it

3 with the same or mostly comparable results. If the practitioner cannot replicate a behavior change than there isn’t much value to the study (Baer et al.,1968 and Baer, BIount, Deitrich & Stokes, 1987, pg.320). Generality -Change in behavior must be long lasting and spread to other behaviors not being treated by the interventions. Happens in other environments as well. Conceptually Systematic- interventions developed by analysts are consistent with the principles and concepts of ABA. Concept systems are needed if a technology is to become an integrated discipline. Effective- Must cause meaningful change in behavior of concern. Behavior changes deemed to be effective must reach clinical and /or social significance. After reading the two assigned articles; “Effects of training, prompting, and self- monitoring on staff behavior in a classroom for students with disabilities” . Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, (Petscher, E. S., & Bailey, J. S. (2006). 39(2), 215– 226.) and “Nonsuicidal self-injury: A systematic review . Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1946”. (Cipriano, A., Cella, S., & Cotrufo, P. (2017). The non-analytic article is: Nonsuicidal self-injury: A systematic review. There are several reasons this article is not behavioral analytic but primarily because it does not meet the criteria to be deemed as such. There are differences of applied and basic research. Non-Applied research is likely to look at any behavior and any variables which may conceivably relate to it. Applied research is constrained to examining behaviors that are socially important rather than convenient for study ( social settings rather a laboratory setting). This article seeks to review

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