UNIT 1
DIVERSITY IN THE LIVING WORLD
Chapter 1 The Living World Chapter 2 Biological Classification Chapter 3 Plant Kingdom Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom Biology is the science of life forms and living processes. The living world comprises an amazing diversity of living organisms. Early man could easily perceive the difference between inanimate matter and living organisms. Early man deified some of the inanimate matter (wind, sea, fire etc.) and some among the animals and plants. A common feature of all such forms of inanimate and animate objects was the sense of awe or fear that they evoked. The description of living organisms including human beings began much later in human history. Societies which indulged in anthropocentric view of biology
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In plants, this growth by cell division occurs continuously throughout their life span. In animals, this growth is seen only up to a certain age. However, cell division occurs in certain tissues to replace lost cells. Unicellular organisms also grow by cell division. One can easily observe this in in vitro cultures by simply counting the number of cells under the microscope. In majority of higher animals and plants, growth and reproduction are mutually exclusive events. One must remember that increase in body mass is considered as growth. Non-living objects also grow if we take increase in body mass as a criterion for growth. Mountains, boulders and sand mounds do grow. However, this kind of growth exhibited by non-living objects is by accumulation of material on the surface. In living organisms, growth is from inside. Growth, therefore, cannot be taken as a defining property of living organisms. Conditions under which it can be observed in all living organisms have to be explained and then we understand that it is a characteristic of living systems. A dead organism does not grow. Reproduction, likewise, is a characteristic of living organisms. In multicellular organisms, reproduction refers to the production of progeny possessing features more or less similar to those of parents. Invariably and implicitly we refer to sexual reproduction. Organisms reproduce by asexual means also. Fungi multiply and spread easily
1. An understanding of chemistry is important for an understanding of biology because biology needs the models of chemistry to better describe life.
If feeding efficiency and reproduction have a direct correlation, and a population started with equal proportions of individuals with each of three feeding types, metal spoon, metal knife, and plastic fork, the frequency of the population with metal spoons as their feeding structure will increase in the next generation. While the frequency of metal knifes and plastic forks will decrease. Furthermore, since the organisms with the metal spoon feeding structure have a higher fitness level, this population will evolve by natural selection to a point where the metal spoon phenotype will be in abundant. While the organisms with metal knifes and plastic forks phenotypes will decrease in frequency due to the lack of reproduction. Eventually, if this population persist overtime, most of the organisms, if not all, will have the metal spoon phenotype, while very few, if not any, will have the metal knife or the plastic fork phenotype.
11. Define the following: Genetic drift: unpredictable fluctuations in allele frequencies, reduces genetic variation over time through such losses of alleles
Biology 102 introduces students to the concept of evolution, the principles of evolution, natural selection, and major kingdoms of living things organisms. My major is nursing and taking this course is a prerequisite and is required for my major. Taking Biology courses will help me be better knowledgeable in my chosen field. I took biology 101 last semester and we learned about cell and organisms. These are fundamentals things that someone who plans to have a career in the healthcare field needs to know. Also these courses are prerequisites for other science courses I have to take such as microbiology, human anatomy and physiology. As a future nurse these are information that will come in handy everyday. I have three years left in my undergraduate study and more
Living organisms display specific characteristics. They respond to external stimuli, use energy, reproduce, and contain materials that are only found in living organisms. They sense, adapt, and alter their environment. Living organisms have a high degree of organization and maintain a constant internal environment (Ireland, 2012). These characteristics displayed by a chia pet, however are not displayed by an inanimate object, such as a rock.
|(2 marks) | |c. |State two symptoms that may have led the veterinarian to suspect that George was suffering from a thyroid hormone |
The final 2 property points were earned for the description and discussion of specific heat.
7)a) You would do the Benedict’s reagent test for simple sugars and the Lugol’s solution or Iodine test for polysaccharides and starch. To test the lipids you would use the Sudan iV test and Biurets reagent test for protein.
* Palindromic: cut at the same base sequence on each strand, but in the opposite direction
My sisters and I love to go shopping, we then have lunch together when we’re done
tells me how I breath, eat, use my brain, etc. The decisions I make all reflect around
Plants and animals are very important to human life. Plants and animals developed natural forms
D) Sexual reproduction is more likely to increase genetic variation than is asexual reproduction. E) Only asexual
Growth-Process of moving from one stage of life to another, it is also an increase in size.
"Nothing is more remarkable than Aristotle 's efforts to exhibit the relationships of living things as a scala naturae.” Charles Singer, a modern British historian, and zoologist quotes referring to Aristotle’s “History of Animals” which classified organisms in relation to a hierarchical "ladder of life" (scala naturae).