Over the centuries, approaches to literacies pedagogy have changed greatly within the Australian education system. The causes of these changes are due to progression within our society and the expectations of the Australian curriculum. The creators of these approaches have the students’ needs at heart and build what may be at the time the best approach. As society evolves students’ needs change therefore, the approaches that may have once been effective may become less valued.
The didactic approach was the first approach to surface. At the time of the invention of print, around the 1500’s, the didactic approach took its place in classrooms around the world (Kalantzis, Cope, Chan, & Dalley-Trim, 2016, p.85). The didactic approach is a
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The Five from Five website (n.d., para.3) goes on to mention that there is evidence that students benefit from explicit teaching of the connection between letters and speech sounds. Explicit instruction during the development of phonemic awareness has proven to be the best approach. Another advantage of the didactic approach is that it is based around the knowledge process of students experiencing the new. Kalatzis, et al. (2016, p115) mention through the process of experiencing the new can provide a more equal experience for all students. Australia is a diverse country with a wide range of cultures and backgrounds. Those students that do not obtain a typical Australian background will not be disadvantaged as the material and experience is new to all students. The didactic approach still remains, though many are starting to move away from the approach due to changes in philosophies.
Classrooms have become more diverse and require teachers to cater a range of student needs. The didactic approach consists of the whole class moving through a textbook at the same pace. The idea that all students learn at the same pace is unrealistic. Students’ strengths, weaknesses or interests are not being taken into account if they are being presented with the same content (Marzano, as cited in Varnado, 2011, p.12). Those students that develop understanding quickly can become unmotivated and
“ Students do become behaviorally, emotionally, and cognitively involved in the learning activities their teachers provide (e.g., write an essay, solve a math problem), and their extent of effort, enjoyment, and strategic thinking does predict important outcomes, such as achievement. But students also do more than this. Students also, more or less, proactively contribute into the flow of instruction they receive as they attempt not only to learn but also to create a more motivationally supportive learning environment for themselves ( Bandura,
Despite Cher 's confident didacticism when it comes to dating, she falls short in her own
The recent proposal for a common national curriculum across all Australian States and territories has sparked large debate across the education board. This has left many Australians questioning the future direction of education in Australia. Stephen Buckle, principal at Narrenwood Secondary College, an Anonymous writer and a cartoon by Jobs provide strong opposing views on the suggested common curriculum. Buckle’s “Why should schooling change at every State border?”, reasonably contends that because all Australians are one, an individuals education should not be determined by where they live. She calls on the “predictable” choices made by State Education Ministers to be replaced by a common curriculum consistent across
In meeting professional standards for Australian teachers this should include showing respect to culture, connecting with the community and building pride. Good pedagogy should be applied appropriately across the curriculum. In the instance of English, this includes support of the first language, explicit instruction, relevance, and interest. In the context of the history classroom, a teacher should connect with the community, the land, and foster a positive identity. Perhaps the most important element is considering the context of the community and each
In an interview, Harry Wong stated that, “The number one problem in the classroom is not discipline: it is the lack of procedures and routines,” (Wong). Harry and Rosemary Wong support a system of classroom management rather than classroom discipline. The Wong’s believe that students need to be “taught the roles, procedures, processes, and routines” that they are expected to follow (Charles, 116). When the “teacher explains the procedures of the classroom to the students, and the students turn the procedures into a routine,” then the teacher will have better control over the class with less discipline issues (Wong). For the Wong’s discipline philosophy, the teacher needs to have a script for the first day of class with everything that needs mentioned and completed. The students need to be greeted at the door by the teacher, bell work needs to be placed on all of the desks (even on the first day of school), and procedures and rules need to be taught, rehearsed, reinforced, and repeated (especially during the first two weeks of school). The students need no down time during class, by allowing down time, the teacher is allowing the students to misbehave. The students will follow directions when given, raise hand before speaking, and use kind words. The teacher will take role while all students are working on bell work so that it doesn’t take time from learning.
Phonics are essential to literacy and children’s ability to learn to read and write. Phonics are a system of associating letter symbols with speech sounds (Orton, n.d.). They have an important role in the Australian Curriculum and Reporting Authority: phonics and word knowledge [ACARA]. There are two main concepts related to phonics they are analytical phonics and synthetic phonics. Diana Rigg (2016) states that “direct systematic instruction in phonics during the early years of schooling is an essential foundation for teaching children to read” (para. 3). Phonics are used by children to learn to read and to write, they include letter identification, onset and rime, blends and the relationships between blends and phonemic awareness (Hill, 2012, p.259) (Rigg, 2014). There are many teaching approaches that may be implemented to teach phonics effectively. This essay will discuss, critique and analyse phonics their importance and how different teaching approaches may be implemented to teach phonics to students effectively. It will maintain that synthetic phonics have been proven to be more successful in teaching children than analytical phonics, although it is imperative to use both a synthetic and analytical approach to teaching children phonics.
Teaching theories are as much part of the classroom as the student and the teacher. The effect individual theories have on an environment depends how they are incorporated within the classroom in addition to the influence they have had on the curriculum construction. This essay will briefly look at how motivation theory, cognitive and social cognitive theory along with constructivism have impacted on education and the classroom.
During the 19th century, didactic literacy pedagogy was the first pedagogy to become prominent subsequent to the mass obligatory, institutionalised education (Kalantzis et al., 2016, p.84). This approach was widely seen during the Victorian era where education was seen to be teacher centered; according to Watkins (1999), this approach can also be seen in Australian education during the 1970s and 1980s. During this time this pedagogy was
Students have their own best way in effectively learning the lesson. With the diversity of students, the problem is each student has a preferred learning style. It becomes undeniably one of the reasons that make it difficult to achieve the best expected outcome out of teachers’ effort. However, teachers try to incorporate various teaching techniques to make every learning opportunity become productive, meaningful, and relevant for the learners.
Effective differentiated instruction reflects where the students currently are in their educational stage and not where a teacher wishes them to be. This step is important; placing students either too high or too low in the instruction can be adverse to the teacher’s goal of helping all students. Developing lesson strategies for students that are too demanding may have a negative effect on performance and reinforce negative emotions concerning learning. Likewise, developing lesson strategies that do not challenge students to perform at their best can also have a negative effect. Some students that are not engaged by a teacher's instruction are left adrift waiting for new or more stimulating material. Engaging students in the learning strategy is the key ingredient in producing active learners.
There are many theories that are relevant to classroom teaching today. Marsh (2008, p. 17) states that “each theory is nothing more than a set of reasonable suggestions”. A teacher should look at the information available to them and take what is necessary to achieve a positive learning environment in their classroom. This may mean taking a little part of one theory and combining in with another part of a different theory, there is no singular theory or theorist that encompasses everything that is required in a modern classroom. Some of the most important theories of learning are motivation, constructivism and behaviourism. Teachers choose their teaching style and strategy to complement their students, to arrive at their own personal
My whole childhood I always dreamed about being a teacher. During school breaks, weekends, and summers, I would set up a “classroom” in my basement and my friends and I would play school. I would be the teacher most of the time. It takes a very special person to be a teacher, not everyone is teacher material. You have to be very patient, kind, and caring of all students you work with and encounter through your day and year.
Everyday, teachers are faced with the challenge of teaching students new information that is valuable to their future. Teachers are responsible to determine what and how information is taught. How this information is taught to students is pertinent to their success; therefore, teachers must be able to use effective teaching methods in the classroom. Students have diverse learning styles; therefore, teachers need to determine how students learn best and pattern their teaching to accommodate these differences. During elementary school, children learn to read and write, acquire a basic understanding of content areas, and develop dispositions toward
This paper will identify which of the Kolb learning styles best suits me and why I think so. It will also give some examples from my past and present to support these findings. After determining, the learning styles that best fit me and completing an inventory exercise, I have concluded that I learn best using audio and visual techniques in the learning process. I agree with everything this exercise has brought to light. I never knew that these styles were the meaning by which I learned. I have also included examples as to how I see the use and benefits of these learning styles in my career.
In order to teach successfully teachers must learn about first learn about their students. Teachers must assess the student’s capabilities and interests. Some students are visual learners, while others learn from hands on activities, or verbal communication. Not all students can learn through memorization, rather they learn through interest and relation to the topic. “To realize what an experience, or empirical situation, means, we have to call to mind the sort of situation that presents itself outside of school" (Democracy and Education). The curriculum should encompass material that is most useful for a student to learn. It seems that in the majority of schools, students are not given the flexibility to guide their own learning, but rather follow rigid instructions that destroy the student’s imagination.