Laboratory #1 Introduction to Laboratory Techniques
Sean Pence
Jackie Butler
September 6, 2012
September 13, 2012
Abstract:
This lab contains four different experiments. All four experiments focus on proper laboratory techniques. The reasoning behind this lab was to become familiar with lab equipment, the proper usage of lab equipment, and how to correctly take data and notes. The first experiment of this lab was to determine the volume of water in various types of equipment. The second experiment was to measure the different masses of pennies from pre and post 1982. The third experiment was to calibrate and measure the volume of a 5-ml pipette. The last and final experiment of this lab was to record the temperature of boiling and frozen
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Procedure 4: The 4th procedure is the last and final procedure in this lab. During this procedure you will improve your techniques at using a thermometer and Bunsen burner. To start off the procedure gather 50-mL of ice in a 150-mL beaker and then cover the ice in deionized water. While the ice water sits for 15 minutes, obtain 250-mL beaker half filled with deionized water and place the beaker on a gauze wire on top of the ring stand. Using a Bunsen burner heat the beaker with a fire that should have a blue inner cone and a violet outer cone. Once the water boils, turn off the Bunsen burner and read the temperature of the boiling water. Be careful to not touch the beaker when using the thermometer because if the thermometer touches the beaker you will be reading the temperature of the glass and not the temperature of the water. When your ice water has been sitting for 15 minutes and has reach equilibrium record the temperature of the water the same way you recorded the temperature of the boiling water. Using the given ATM pressure calculate the true boiling point of water and graph your results using excel.
Raw Data:
Procedure 1: Apparatus | A | B | C | D | Name: | 100-mL | 10-mL | 50-mL | 250-mL | Volume | 82 mL | 7.2 mL | 31.1 mL | 130 mL | Uncertainty | 0.60 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.05 |
Procedure 2: Pre-1882 | 3.04g | 3.07 | 3.08 | 3.05 | Ave Pre: | 3.06 | Dev Pre: | 0.076 | Post-1983 | 2.51 |
Purpose: To become familiar with the International System of Units and common laboratory equipment and techniques. To learn how to determine volume, mass, length, and temperature of a wide variety of items. To learn how to calculate density and concentration of dilutions.
Procedure: Using distilled water, premeasured containers and objects determine displacement of fluids and density of objects. Use ice and heat measure temperatures in Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin.
The purpose of this lab is to test substances and to determine the physical and chemical properties of substances.
In this lab experiment our main focus was to get skillful in using tools such as the metric ruler, balances, thermometer, and graduated cylinder to capture measurements of length, mass, temperature and volume. Additionally, this lab helped us to become more familiar with the uncertainty of measurements, as well as becoming efficient with rounding our measurements to the correct numbers of significant figures. Our results are measured consistently with rounding to the closest answer we could possibly acquire as the data can tell you.
A. Water boils at 100°C at sea level. If the water in this experiment did not boil at 100°C, what could be the reason?
Students will carefully observe acts of aggression and prosocial behavior on television, report their observations, and analyze their data to draw conclusions.
The first part of the lab began by one lab member adding 10.0 mL of DI water to a test tube while another lab member obtained a beaker full of ice and salt. After both these steps were complete the test tube was put in the beaker full of ice. Immediately following the test tube be being placed in the beaker, a temperature probe was inserted into the test tube. The initial temperature was recorded and after the temperature was recorded in 30 second increments. Once the water exhibited supercooling and then remained consistent at .1 °C for 3 readings it was determined that the water had froze and formed crystals. Evidence that crystals formed allowed for it to be confirmed that the water actually hit freezing point at .0
When analyzing the IR spectrum of Ruthenium complex with DMSO, the prominent peak is presented at 1105.54 cm−1. This peak indicates that S=O bonded in DMSO. For DMSO, the frequency is around 1050 cm−1. From our spectra obtained for DMSO where the S=O peak is at 1017.65 cm−1. Since the bond appears at a higher frequency, this shows that the bond is strengthened by the reaction. This indicates that when the copper metal was combined with DMSO, it bonded with the Sulfur atom. Combining ruthenium with sulfur atom caused it to donate a pi electron as a back donation.
-The more dissolved oxygen in the water, the more fish is observed in that area of water.
The next step in this lab is to rinse the Erlenmeyer flask with distilled water down the drain and then repeat the experiment, this time adding 10 ml of 0.10M KI and 10 ml of distilled water to the flask instead. The flask should again be swirling to allow the solution to succumb to the same temperature as the water bath and once it has reached the same temperature, 10 ml of 3% H2O2 must then be added and a stopper must be immediately placed on the flask and recording should then begin for experiment two. After recording the times, the Erlenmeyer flask must then be rinsed again with distilled water down the drain. After rinsing the flask, the last part of the lab can now be performed. Experiment three is performed the same way, but instead, 20 ml of 0.10 ml M KI and 5 ml of distilled water will be added and after the swirling of the flask, 5 ml of 3% H2O2 will be added. After the times have been recorded, data collection should now be complete.
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