August Hein
Capt Rintala
Economics 201 – Final Paper
29 April 2015
Everything is Not as it Seems: A Fuel Story Venezuela, officially, the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern tip of South America and bordering Columbia. Hugo Chaves was elected the President of Venezuela in 1999 after serving in the Venezuelan Army from 1976-1991 and leading an attempted coup and after beginning his political rise in 1994. One political stance that Chavez adopted was Populism and, once elected, he enacted a national economic policy that kept gasoline prices stagnant and extremely low through government subsidies. Chavez remained in power for 14 years and throughout his entire rule he kept that policy in place to retain the approval of
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Venezuelans only pay 5.8 cents per gallon by the official exchange rate but by an informal exchange rate, used for most exchanges, the price dips to only 1.5 cents per gallon. Due to Venezuela’s decision to continue this subsidy for such a long time it has crippled their economy and will continue to prevent economic and social progress as long as this excessive government subsidy is not corrected. The use of populism as a part of a campaign platform is essential in elections, without it politician will not be elected by his/her constituents because they do not believe that the politician will act in their best interest. Chavez was wise as a politician to use this platform but from an economic standpoint it has become an unbearable burden for the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Venezuelan crude oil output has
The “Bolivarian revolution” revolves around the rise of the leftest movement which started with Hugo Chavez, and soon many other leaders rose to the occasion. The sole purpose of this movement was to help Latin America get rid of dictators and reestablish under Simon Bolivar's ideals of making Latin America not a colony but a nation for the people residing in it. Now that Chavez is dead, I believe that he was able to complete Bolivar's conquest of freeing Latin America. Now that Chavez has passed away, he has left both good and bad implications, but I believe its more good than bad. “The real opposition to Chavez is from the United States which was so angry at the way that he built up a credible alternative to the U.S. idea of free trade with
Chavez decided to then launch a boycott of two of Delano's main growers, Schenley Industries and DiGiorgio. Chavez organized a massive march of 300 miles from Delano to Sacramento, the state capital. This is the longest protest march ever in the United States. Not only was it a march, it was a journey that drew the Catholic faith of many of the strikers. Marchers sang “Nosotros Venceremos” the civil rights anthem as they carried portraits of the Virgin of Guadalupe, which is Mexico’s saint and symbol of hope, they also carried large crosses representing Christ's final journey and flags including the NFWA's black eagle. As the march made its way across California, hope built, and in each town they passed through, they attracted new supporters.
On January 26th, 2017 at approximately 1943 hours, my partner Officer Presley #2100 and I responded to 829 Capp St. in a marked patrol vehicle in full uniform, regarding a missing individual.
As I said before, many critics agreed that Hugo Chavez has been able to diminished Venezuelan democracy to convert it to a competitive authoritarian regime. Chavez has controlled the country and stills does, in a way in that using populism and his policy of clientism he gets the masses and specially the poor to support him and agreed with him in many of his reforms and actions. Allying himself with leftist countries like Bolivia, Ecuador, Nicaragua and especially Cuba, Chavez has implemented what he calls a “Bolivarian Revolution”, revolution that allows him to have a complete control of the country. Furthermore, Chavez has been using the oil revenues not only as a method of getting international support for his ideas and type of regime but also, for his own personal enrichment
His strategy has always been to appeal to the electorate (which is why I say that he is not a "dictator" because almost everything he has done has had the support of the majority of the population). In this case, by appealing to the resentment sense that the population had towards the party system he called for a National Constituent Assembly. His first goal was to get most of the Assembly through the manipulation of a system of election of delegates. By this, he obtained the 93% of the seats in the assembly, giving him the freedom to make the changes. Some of the most important changes were the elimination of the Senate in its place he created the National Assembly. Chaves replaces the party system that had been established in Venezuela for nearly half a century. Taking advantage of the resentment of the population toward the parties, managed to strengthen the powers invested in the figure of the president. This gave him the power to make laws or declare a referendum without the need for support from the legal system. This in turn, will make things easier because there was no system of checks and balances. In the referendum conducted in 2009 to the executive branch led by Chavez was given the ability to dissolve the National Assembly too. Also, he gained control of the attorney general, comptroller general, and the militia and the National
Repetition used in this article, opposing violence and praising nonviolence, such as “... at the expense of violence, victory would come at the expense of injury and perhaps death.” (Lines 67-68) and “... The boycott, as Gandhi taught, is the most nearly perfect instrument of nonviolent change…” (Lines 61-63), are found in many parts of the article, in fact, the whole article is filled with arguments that promotes nonviolence and discourage violence. Repetition of Chavez’s idea makes his message very clear to the readers and along with the logical facts he provides, it convinces the readers that “nonviolence is more powerful than violence.” (Line 12-13).
First, the foremost issues at hand are currency and opportunity. Currency and the overwhelming desire for more are the pivotal driving factors in a gasoline and diesel industry. The government receives too much money from these industries to make the adjustments that are necessary. Unfortunately, the government does merely enough to get by. However, Americans need to analyze the opportunities at hand. In the text "Brief Principles of Macroeconomics," author Gregory Mankiw tells us that, " the opportunity cost of an item is what you give up to get that
The United States and Venezuela have not had been the best relations with one another. Now that the former President Hugo Chávez has passed away, there are still high hopes for the US that all of that will change. Currently, Venezuela is in a tight struggle right now and if it were not for the US they would be still standing. Venezuela is powerful when it comes to their oil, and have very strong polices: however these policies are not working like before so there are some considerations that might be an eye opener for you. Presenting that Venezuela should be giving with their assets the way the Americans are giving with theirs.
The United States consumes more than 25% of the world’s petroleum products which is a large percentage, considering only 3% of the world’s oil reserves are produced by the United States. Given the demand for petroleum products such as gasoline, understanding why Crude oil prices have skyrocketed in recent years, is not hard. According to the article “Ending America’s Oil Addiction,” the surge in crude oil prices can be reduced in large part to the simple concepts of supply and demand. (Cooper, 2008)
Hugo Chavez was a transformational additionally appealing character. When he moved to organization, he was visionary and in addition a pioneer who expected to improve the lives of the inhabitants of Venezuela. He faced the troubles and desires that the frail Venezuelans defied. He was a pioneer who could affect any gathering, and they could listen and tail him, as he was a talented speaker. It can be seen from the way he nationalized the greatest family unit oil association and used the wages to improve the lives of the Venezuelans.
Venezuela one of the largest countries of south America was founded according to many historian by Christopher Columbus who was on his third travel to reach the south America searching for gold. Caracas, one of the most populated and most dangerous city in South America is the capital. Because of the beauty and the economic potential that made this country one the most powerful economic attic of the metropolis; it has been flatted by many Spanish travelers who settled their base there to grasp the fruit of the economy. Simon Bolivar known as the liberator of South America engaged himself and his troops in a battle for the freedom of the Venezuela. Therefore, in 1810 Venezuela has been declared officially independence and became republic in 1830. Over the course of the years, this country has known many political government with different ideology from the dictatorship of Juan Vincent Gomez known as “el bagre” to Rafeal Cardera, the predecessor of Carlos Andres Perez. Venezuela has known an economic momentum with the production of cocoa, coffee, cotton and oil. When Hugo Chavez came to power in 1999, his goal was to reinforce that momentum economy in order to bounce the social lower class. With that, he created a lot of social and economic opportunities for the lower class in the name of socialism. The government of Chavez seeks to expand the socialism political throughout the country in order to increase his popularity. The socialism system can be helpful for the lower
With an economy dominated by the production of oil, Venezuela has enjoyed the highest standard of living in Latin America. In spite of its success in the oil industry, agriculture and manufacturing also play important roles in Venezuela’s economy. With this in mind, it would seem as though Venezuela’s economic state has flourished. Rather, it has suffered from the effects of political influence, corruption, and poor economic management. The distribution of wealth across Venezuela has caused the elite to benefit at the cost of the working people. This is mainly due to the economic and political structure of the country. Even with the plentiful resources Venezuela possesses, it is constantly being threatened by political instability,
The oil-rich Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, located on the northern coast of South America, was for many decades considered among the wealthiest nations in the entire continent. While having the largest proven oil reserves in the world has often proved a tremendous boon for Venezuela, the very black gold that has been the cause of its success has also proven to repeatedly be its kryptonite. Over half of the nation’s Gross Domestic Product stems from petroleum exports – which equates to approximately 95% of total exports. It is really not too hard to imagine what drastic consequences shifts in global oil prices could have on the economy.
Venezuela has the world’s largest oil reserves and by 1960, it became the wealthiest country in Latin America. Petróleos de Venezuela (PDVSA), the state owned company, was the key to economic and social development in Venezuela under president Hugo Chavez. His government was settled in an environment where the oil prices were rising and the economy was booming, so he was able fund social programs and practices that were popular to the poor masses. This wealthy and growing Venezuela made Chavez to be very popular and his regime very powerful. Oil revenue accounted for nearly 90% of exports, more than 50% of government revenue, and 35% of country’s GDP.
The main purpose of the following report is to provide information about the profile of The Bolivarian Republican of Venezuela; in order to study the current situation of the country for further investigations in the future that may help to understand the opportunities and risk involve in importing and opening new markets in Venezuela.