LIPID AND CHOLESTEROL LOWERING EFFECT OF GREEN VS BLACK TEA – HOW MUCH, HOW FREQUENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW
DR. PERWEZ KHANAM
Lecturer, Department of Biochemistry Nursing College of King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University of Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Email – perwez_khanam2003@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Green tea, an unfermented leaves is rich in catechins. Catechins are known to lower the lipid by un-regulating lipid-metabolizing enzyme via NF-KB and thereby stimulating fat oxidation. Black tea results from the fermentation of green tea in which catechins of green tea is converted to theaflavin and thearubigin, which have some significant health benefits of their own. Theaflavin is responsible for reduced lipid accumulation, suppressed fatty acid synthesis, and stimulated fatty acid oxidation by inhibiting acetyl-coenzyme-A-carboxylase activities.
A literature review of a total of 8 Randomized Controlled trials (RCTs), 5 Meta analyses consisting of 75 peer-reviewed Randomized Controlled trials (RCTs) on 5319 subjects and 6 population based studies were selected for this study. The research related to Green tea effect on the cholesterol and lipid lowering effect shows promising results with high dose of intake for long term. Studies and meta-analyses of CCRTs in most cases showed improved low density
Active components in Lipton tea such as Epigallocatechin gallate and other antioxidant can protect the heart from certain disease and problem especially from free radical’s damage. Taking a cup of Lipton tea in morning can maintain your heart and cardiovascular system function
Highlighting from the research publication, “A Prospective Study of Dietary Fiber Intake and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among Women” from the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, researchers developed a food-frequency questionnaire assessing 39,876 female health professionals with no previous history of CVD or cancer to support the concept. Women were followed for an average of six years for incidence of various CVD or death confirmed by medical records or death certificates. Evidence from epidemiological studies suggests a strong inverse association between dietary fiber and coronary disease, high intakes of fiber and 20% to 40% in reductions to risk, as well as increased intake of fiber and reduction of plasma cholesterol. The data generally support current dietary recommendations to increase the consumption of fiber-rich whole grains and vegetables as a primary preventive measure against Cardio vascular disease.
Dairy should not be a primary food group on the dietary guidelines set by the government because of its many negative effects on human health (given that people care about their health and the health of those around them). Dairy and other animal products are the only food sources which contain cholesterol. Arguments have been made saying that humans need to consume cholesterol in order to have a healthy balance of fats; these arguments fail to acknowledge that our bodies naturally produce all the cholesterol that it needs. And many studies have been conducted to support the theory that consumption of dietary cholesterol overloads arteries and can cause heart disease, artery disease, as well as sudden heart attacks. The Department of Community Health and Preventative Medicine at Northwestern University Medical School worked to interpret an international study based on data from the Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization. The overall conclusion was that “…dietary cholesterol levels are consistently related to CHD (coronary heart disease) mortality rates” (Stamler). A study conducted by Lena Ohlsson at the Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Nutrition within the prestigious Lund University in Sweden also linked dietary cholesterol and milk fat with artery disease and other metabolic disorders. In short, the abstract of her lab report said that low-density lipoprotein (LDL)—“bad” cholesterol—was found to be directly associated with coronary artery
An increasing number of people are using products to enhance their diets. A recent estimate indicates, “Americans are spending some $6 billion annually on nutritional supplements, and the market is growing by 20% every year” (Zahn, 1997). Of these supplements, the increase in herbal remedy use is most dramatic. Zahn holds that the increase can be attributed to the widely held belief that herbal substances are healthy and harmless because of their natural origins (1997). Unfortunately, research on these supplements, herbal or otherwise, has not transmitted to the public as quickly as the diet enhancers themselves. The phenomenon leaves many consumers misguided by skewed advertising and
Compared to diabetic control rats, total antioxidant levels were significantly increased in GTE supplemented rats. Inversely, malondialdehyde levels and AT(1) receptor were significantly lower in the GTE supplemented diabetic group [77]. Catechin and its derivatives in green tea are shown to be therapeutically very effective.
This indicates that the metabolism of proteins was apparently affected by Ch.t extract. The improvement on the levels of protein and albumin in the diabetic treated groups show that Ch.t extract have significant effect in glucose and protein level because insulin inhibit gluconeogenesis from protein [ ] or could be due to improvement in renal function. This affirmative agrees with the fact that the weight of skeletal muscles was significantly increase in diabetic rats treated with Ch.t extract. The decrease in albumin level documented for diabetic rats may be due to liver massive necrosis, deterioration of liver function, hepatic resistance to insulin and glycogen impairment of oxidative phosphorylation[ ].Under the same experimental conditions serum globulin level revealed an appreciable decrease[ ]. The renal pathogenesis is related to duration of diabetes, the most devastating complication with diabetes is nephropathy[
Bowden and Dr. Sinatra present interesting and valuable information and certainly their individual perspectives concerning the impact cholesterol plays on our health, as individuals, we must determine how we digest this controversial information. I have personally witnessed the adverse effects that cholesterol has played in my father’s cardiovascular health. He chose to consume primarily animal based food with little to no fruits or vegetables, for the majority of his life, and required a quadruple by-pass at the age of forty-eight. Currently seventy-five years old, he has had multiple cardiac arrests, required many additional heart surgeries and now faces the loss of his legs due to ninety-six percent blockage of his femoral artery. I have always believed that cholesterol significantly impacts heart heath so this new information is a bit difficult for me to swallow. I won’t say that the information presented in these videos has changed my viewpoint yet they certain enhance my desire to glean additional information. I appreciated watching both presentations yet I am I not ready to tell my father to ditch his statin medications. The information offered by both medical professional further confirms my decision to eat mostly plant based foods is ideal for my lifestyle and overall well-being.
She includes another study in her article performed by David J.A. Jenkins, a Nutritional Sciences Professor at the University of Toronto, of “people on a 20 servings of fruit a day diet for a few weeks with no adverse effects on weight, blood pressure, or triglycerides and an astounding 38 point drop in LDL cholesterol”(Imatome-Yun). Both studies highlight the success of whole, non-processed products that are able to improve metabolic and circulatory systems in less than a year. Why not purchase nature’s candy, free to be enjoyed in abundance without any health risks?
Recent studies in animals and in humans have shown that increased intake of polyphenols may:
L-Theanine – Green tea contains an amino acid called L-Theanine that is effective for curbing high blood pressure,
2. Likewise, teas of all assortments additionally contain abnormal amounts of cell reinforcement polyphenols that
Modern medicine and healthcare system have categorized herbal medicine as a natural remedy used when people can’t afford to purchase conventional drugs. They are perceived inferior because they cost less but the health benefits are endless. However, there have been various situations and instances that prove that herbal medicine is good for health.
Knowing Chinese tea culture thoroughly is a wise way for people to explore the Chinese society and culture. As a traditional drink, it has been planted and consumed for over five thousands years. The climate of China is perfect for growing tea, which leads to large quantities and good quality of tea. According to the line diagram, “Dynamics of manufacture of tea in China, thousand tons” there were about 1,200 thousands tons of tea manufactured in 2008, which made China the biggest tea manufacture country in the world. As we can see, tea has a special position in Chinese society. Due to its popularity, Chinese tea gradually raises international interest, and leads China to be a more influential country in the
ECGC is the most potent of flavonoids, and it helps fight against free radicals. Which is an atom and when their paired with unpaired valance electrons it makes the free radical extremely radioactive towards other things in the body which can lead to cancer. Green teas antioxidants interfere with the development of colorectal cancers, the antioxidants found in Chamomile tea also stunt the growth of cancer cells. White tea has the more dominant anticancer properties.