Positive And Negative Reinforcement : Two Major Causes Of Problem Behavior

The challenging behaviors that affect individual have a reason for their occurrence and do not occur in a vacuum.

Parents should eliminate the use of physical punishment as a form of reinforcement for children because it could possibly lead into the act of child abuse; instead, parents should try alternate methods for teaching children acceptable behavior.

Operate Conditioning-: People learn and are influenced by the results of what they do. It’s also when people’s behaviour is affected by consequences, reinforcements and learning based on exploration of the environment. Skinner divided the consequences of actions into these three groups...

Reinforcement is an essential part in identifying and encouraging a certain behavior. In the most classic definition, positive reinforcement is a method of identifying to children which behaviors are acceptable and appropriate and which are not (Sigler, E. & Aamidor, S, 2005). Reinforcement is often given as praise for doing a certain task. As educators, saying “great job” or a simple word like “fantastic” are expressed towards students as praise. However, when a student is struggling and praise is given such as “you are doing so well”, the negative aspects of praise present themselves. The child is aware of the empty praise therefore it may work against the teacher if it is taken as a false

Positive punishment is involves presenting an aversive stimulus after a behavior as occured. Where aversive is causing avoidance of a thing, situation, or behavior by using an unpleasant or punishing stimulus, as in techniques of behavior modification. For example, during learning process in the class, Ishaan did not pay attention of what his teacher told in front of the class. Besides, he was unconsciously focused on a bird feeding it’s children outside the window. Then, Ishaan was asked by the teacher to go in front of class and get the punishment as a reminder for him for not repeat the same mistake again. This situation show that when response leads to the arrival of something aversive, and this response tends to be

Positive and negative reinforcement can be used in simple cases as well as the more challenging cases to modify a behavior. Human service workers and parents can use operant conditioning to change the way a child acts in the classroom. If a child continues to interrupt the classroom environment, negative reinforcement such as placing the child by his or herself instead of with friends can be used to deter the behavior. Likewise, if the desired behavior is acknowledged or rewarded, the good behavior will likely continue. This behavioral modification technique also can be used with someone looking to overcome substance abuse. The individual should have a stimulus that he or she can focus on to make the change. If one is trying to overcome substance abuse to gain custody of his or her children for example, positive reinforcement can be used when the individual reaches certain desirable goals. Negative reinforcement, such as losing the opportunity to see the children if there is a slip on recovery can give that person the incentive to quit the negative behavior and work toward bettering his or her life.

Parenting can be very difficult to those who are parents whether they are a mother a father or a guardian. Parents are obligated to find disciplining techniques that are suitable, and to the world, acceptable. Many people think that negative reinforcement is a good form of discipline, but what they don’t know is its causes increase in the behavior.

People engage in behavior to get reinforced. Just because one event works for one person doesn’t mean it will work for another. Many kinds of reinforcers influence people’s behavior.

First, reinforcements, punishment and extinction. Reinforcements are used to strengthen a response by increasing its rate. There are two forms of reinforcement, positive and negative. Positive reinforcements can be can be in the form of food or removal of pain, which are considered primary reinforcers, or could be praise, attention or smiles, which are considered conditioned reinforcers (Crain, 2011). An example of positive reinforcement is a mother giving her daughter praise after finishing her homework. Negative reinforcements on the other hand are when something unpleasant is removed. An example of negative reinforcement is a child being able to leave the dinner table only after eating her vegetables. However, in contrast to reinforcements, punishments do not strengthen the behavior but try to eliminate it. Punishment works by presenting a negative consequence after an undesired behavior is exhibited or when a certain desired stimulus is removed after a particular undesired behavior is exhibited, both resulting in the behavior happening less often in the future causing extinction (Prince, 2013). An example of punishment would be a child acting inappropriately and getting

Reinforcement theory refers to the stimuli used to produce desired behaviours with different occurrences and schedules (Skinner, 1963). There are three principles in reinforcement theory which are reinforcement, punishment, and extinction. The primary aim of reinforcement is to increase the probability of certain responses among moral value; while punishment is aimed to decrease the probability or the occurrence of certain responses; and extinction is aimed to reduced motivation and eliminated the behaviour to their own religions.

Consequential strategies should outline how other people respond to replacement skills and continued challenging behaviors (Buschbacher, 2003). Rewards for appropriate behavior should outnumber rewards for challenging behaviors in order for no maintenance of challenging behaviors to continue (Buschbacher, 2003). The support plan should continually be assessed to ensure its continued “fit” for the individual client. Cultural personal, and structural values should be considered. Outcome measures should include decreased challenging behaviors, increased targeted skills, and changes in the child’s social and behavioral competence (Buschbacher, 2003).

What I love the most about working or being around people is studying their behavior. In this week’s readings we learned about positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment and extinction. All of these affect different behaviors differently whether they are in a personal or work environment. I will be explaining each term and describing how I have witnessed each one in my own personal life.

As the Principal of Marshall Metropolitan High I’d utilize all four types of reinforcement to motive students to attend school and achieve selected academic goals (Kinicki & Williams, 2013). Positive reinforcement would be the primary and most pervasive form of reinforcement I’d use to motivate students. To begin with, I’d transform the existing student incentive program by collaborating with students to gamify the incentive program (Knowledge @Wharton, 2014). Students would be awarded points for attendance, arriving on time, attending tutoring, test scores, achieving good grades, participating in extracurricular activities, and hours worked at an employer. Students would be able to redeem those points to purchase movie tickets, cell phones,

Results: Each responses were shown to be controlled by negative reinforcement in the form of escape from and

The action of recording in the moment might be hard to do while always being on the go with a preschool classroom.