Introduction
There has been vast and rapid development in the field of computer science since last couple of decades. From the abacus- early counting device, Napier’s Bones, Pascal’s Calculator, Leibnz Calculator, Analytical Engine, ENIAC, Transistors to Super Computer these has been a drastic sophistication in the field of computation. This pace can be seen and felt around us. Scientist has already developed and involved in the further advancement of quantum computers through different experiments which is believed to be the future of next generations top notch computation tools.
The application of physical reality that quantum theory explains about the purpose of performing tasks that were before assumed to be impossible of infeasible outputted quantum information processing. The vast devices that are utilized to perform quantum information processing are known to be Quantum Computers. The word Quantum Computing itself means “study of theoretical computation systems (quantum computers) that make direct use of quantum- mechanical phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement to perform operations on data.
Neil Gershenfeld (professor at MIT and director of MIT’s center for Bits and Atoms) said if this trend of making transistors smaller and smaller sustained with the pace as in recent years, then by 2020, the width of a wire in a computer chip will be no more than size of a single atom, where the rule of classical physics will no longer be pertained. (Manay, 1998,
The DIKW model is the fundamental theory on which the nursing informatics discipline is based upon.Nursing informatics is a combination of information science, computer science and nursing science.DIKW model provides a broad theoretical framework that encompasses all the three disciplines to support the interdisciplinary nature of nursing informatics.
As Arthur C. Clarke said ‘Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic’, I am always fond of that magic and I never ceased to learn new things especially, computers. Its formidability and enigma urged me to take footsteps in the field of Computer Science, that is when I decided to pursue my graduation in Computer Science.
There have been many advances since the initial invention of the computer fifty years ago. Today, computers operate many of the things that we use in everyday life. Some examples of these things are farm machinery, cars, planes, video games, heat and water delivery to our homes, banking, billing, and even the stock market. The advances of the computer have resulted in the
Super computers are the computers with highest computational capacity.speed of the present day super computer measured in TERAFLOPS
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries Science & Technology have grown-up a radical contribution to industry, and the personal computer has become a defining symbol of our age. In 1940, it was not recognized that Science & Technology would develop into an innovative way that would intensely affect business, trade, the monetary world, administration, discipline, education, communications, entertainment, and society as a whole. Today, information technology and its applications persist to go forward progressively. Computers and communication technology will become even more precious to civilization as they are ever more able to distinguish
From a very simple invention satisfying man’s conviction to do better, the abacus dramatically encouraged the growth of trade wherever it was adopted, for it was well suited to any commercial calculation. Still used in the Soviet Union and in the Far East in the 20th century, the abacus was finally replaced worldwide by the cheap electronic calculator. (The Inventions, pg.10) In 1945, the world’s first fully electronic computer was completed at the University of Pennsylvania. It was called ENIAC-Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer.
The second generation of the computer have improved a little by the invention of new small item that already make it change too much that been called transistor. In 1948 the invention of transistor makes change of computer’s development. This transistor made to replace the cumbersome vacuum tube in the computers and the result make the size of the technology of the computer become smaller, faster, and more reliable and more energy than before. William Shockley, Walter Brattain and John Bardeen successfully tested this point –contrast transistor, setting off the semiconductor revolution. They improved models of the transistor that develop at AT&t Bell Laboratories, supplanted vacuum tubes on the computer at that time.
Computer sciences are so essential to humans that they have become part of us, impacting every aspect of our lives. Every day we see how society depends on computers to perform daily tasks, binding each one of us to possess a strong foundation in computer sciences in order to match the pace of this civilization. On the other hand, due to the new advances in technology, there is no need for social interactions between humans, shaping completely our relationships and social behaviors, making us somehow less appreciative of the human touch.
The human race has achieved many impossible feats. We have landed on the moon, illuminated the world with the electric light, and cured illnesses that used kill thousands. In a world where we look to technology to answer all of life’s problems, we are faced with a dilemma. How can our technology possibly keep up with our modern needs? In the first book of the Neanderthal Parallax, Hominids, by Robert J. Sawyer, we are transported into a parallel universe. In this unpolluted world that is populated by Neanderthals, there is a sophisticated computing system, we know as a quantum computer. As of 2014, quantum computers are still in their infancy, and have been prophesied since the early 1990s. However, work on building a quantum computer, and creating algorithms compatible with one, began around the turn of the century. As one of only seven sci-fi writers in the world, and the only Canadian, who has won all three of the top international awards for science fiction, he is known for the amount of research and probable vision intertwined into the technology in his books.
However, the University had only began on a new project EDVAC, which was a stored program computer. He assisted in the EDVAC project. In 1945, he created the report “First Draft of a Report” on the EDVAC. This consisted of what was to become the von Neumann stored program computer concept. The EDVAC that was designed by the University of Penn differed from his design. He discussed with the University people about the university people about the design of EDVAC and the wat memory and arithmetic materials are to be arranged. As soon as he had multiple conversations, he started work on EDVAC’s logical design by creating a high tech language that deals with programming. The report shows a broad picture of the computer arranged with a central arithmetic unit, an outside recording medium, an input organ and a central control unit. The report describes the way these parts communicate as a whole. The second time von Neumann added to the field of computer architecture was by writing another report “Preliminary Discussion of the Logical Design of an Electronic Computing Instrument”. This document was more well-known and it had a bigger impact than EDVAC’s report. This paper provided specific details about the function of a random access memory computer which protects, sends and analyzes data simultaneously. It compares the advantages and disadvantages of initiation racing circuit, gas thermionic tube, and electromechanical electrical relay, before selecting the cathode shaft of light tube as the best available means of putting away information. The architecture of the adder and the multiplier are also considered. The report adopted a systematic, scientific approach with detailed mathematical analysis. It analyzed the storage requirements for solving different variety of mathematical problems, such as sum and partial first derivative
Our society has evolved into a digital world that is completely interconnected. According to The Times, about a billion computers are used worldwide, and integrated circuit sales total nearly $200 billion a year. Yet still, Kilby has not received the recognition that he deserves. While his Nobel Prize in Physics is undeniably an honor of the highest degree, he is not identified as one of the founding fathers of modern technology. Undoubtedly, Jack Kilby is not only a pioneer of the digital electronic era, but also one of the framers of today’s
However, Turing is comparatively unusual for a philosopher and a pioneer of electronic computing. He has travelled from the position of being practically unknown outside of the rarefied world of computer science to an important cultural figurehead and point of political reference in lay society only in the last three decades. Notably, similar technical mathematicians and engineers of the period involved in crucial early electronic
Computers would have remained really big machines if it wasn’t the invention 1947 called the “Transistor”. Electrical conductive properties of crystals were used by Scientists at Bell Laboratories to put the function of a vacuum tube into a device. In 1955 the first transistor based
As we live in the 21st century, development of science and technology grow very quickly. As far as I have known the field of computer application continuously expanding, and the rapid development of science and technology. It has become necessary in various areas of the goods. Perhaps in the near future, we carry the computers, cell phones and other digital products is not the way with the hands in pocket. Lohr claims that computer science is “young
I did my Bachelor of Science in Electrical and Electronic Engineering from Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology (BUET). From the very beginning I took every opportunity to get specialized in various areas of computer science and engineering. Very recently I have completed my first semester of study towards the MS degree in Computer Science at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock. I have successfully completed project works in trending areas of artificial intelligence, image processing and network security. I have over two years of professional experience focused on distributed and cloud computing from several reputed Information Technology oriented companies in my country. My academic and research interest include the