Theories Of Psychology

Karen Horney is one of the preeminent figures and founders of modern psychoanalysis. Although her ideas are not widely taught today or accepted as a basis of psychoanalysis in and of themselves, her ideas of social and environmental influences are “integrated into modern psychoanalysis therapies and personality development theory” (Quinn). She was a contemporary of Sigmund Freud and was one of his early followers. Yet Horney joined the class of neo-Freudians after her research and writing led her to develop and establish psychoanalytical theories that ran counter to Freud's ideas. She objected to the Freudian psychology of women, which instigated the search for her own theories for the causes of neurosis. This in turn led to her

Karen Horney was born in 1885 in Hamburg, Germany from a Norwegian father, who was captain, and a Danish mother. She studies in Berlin at a German psychoanalytic institute, led by Karl Abraham. Here she met her

She began to perceive people in different ways after being exposed to the psychiatric training process. She quotes, “we would assume that other people are just like us - normal human beings - until it becomes apparent that they are not since they either have mental illnesses or diseases” (Luhrmann 5). To understand why people suffer and why they are categorized as “different”, there are multiple reasons for why an individual could cater a mental illness or a disease: the most important risk factor happens to be social isolation (Luhrmann 18). Recently, depression and mood disorders became more common in the twentieth century because there were no other times in human history where so many people have thoughts of being lonely (Luhrmann 18). Backgrounds also help explain where people are coming from and are key in providing an explanation of how a psychiatric illness could be hereditary (Luhrmann 18). For example, living under war-like conditions can bring post-traumatic stress disorders and shape the way people interact inside

Until the medical breakthroughs that we have made in the modern day, psychology as a science was not fully understood. Modern technology has given us a clearer idea of psychology, but in the past there was less known about the science. This alongside a predominantly male medical discourse led to a medical diagnosis in many women called hysteria. Female hysteria was a medical diagnosis given to specifically women as far back as the ancient Greek civilization. Hysteria started as a supernatural phenomena, but as medicine evolved it would be described as a mental disorder, (Tasca). Hysteria. in actuality, is an absurd and fabricated diagnosis that institutionalized and discriminated countless women. The way it makes a women feel, and the fact that it strips a woman of any sort of free will is a sickening display of blatant misogyny. “The Yellow Wallpaper” by Charlotte Perkins Gilman perfectly displays not only the misogyny, but the torture a woman must face trapped under a hysteria diagnosis. Hysteria as a diagnoses fails to effectively treat many women, instead leading to the mistreatment and wrongful institutionalization of women.

Karen Horney was born in Blankenese, Germany, on September 16, 1885. She attended medical school and began studying psychoanalysis. Horney moved to the United States in the 1930s and wrote two influential and controversial works, The Neurotic Personality of Our Time and New Ways in Psychoanalysis, which deviated sharply from Sigmund Freud's work. She died in New York City on December 4, 1952.

Psychology is the scientific “study of the mind” (Gross, 2015) and behavior, which includes the study of humans and animals. There are various approaches in modern psychology. A theoretical approach is a perspective (view) about human behavior, there may be several different theories within an approach, but they all share these common assumptions and principles. (McLeod, 2007). A theory is an attempt by theorists to try to explain behavior. Theories are not facts but can be verified by testing. Theories can then be evaluated which I aim to do through this essay, where I will briefly explain the theoretical approaches in psychology and aim to focus on an analysis for each perspective which consist of the psychodynamic, humanist, cognitive and behavioral approaches where I will analyze the strengths and weaknesses of each approach separately.

I think her experience admires a lot of listeners and gives many broken people hope in their lives. Also her experience gives people who suffered from disabilities or bad situations a lesson that they should never give up. We should use the life obstacles as an

Horney: As the first psychoanalytic feminist (1967), I believe that my work has had a most positive impact on today’s psychology. I have contributed my time and work to helping individual’s understand the women of psychology. I have rejected Freud’s penis envy theory and I developed the neurosis theory. The neurosis theory is still prominent today and has helped me to show the relationship between personality and relationship.

Everyone has their own philosophy about the way we live our lives, and how we follow a certain path to get to our destination. One’s philosophy may be based on their religious beliefs, what they were taught growing up, or both. I was raised Christian and many of the beliefs I have stems from my Christian roots. I was always told God was the reason a person behaved a certain way or the devil. Now that I am older, and mostly due to my college education, I see the world differently. Before learning about the different theories in psychology, and the beliefs and techniques that come with them, I had applied many to my own life before.

Karen Horney is best known for her findings of feminine psychology, theory of neurotic need, and neo-freudian psychology. What attracted me most to Karen Horney was the relation I shared with her suffering from depression growing up. It was her findings about life and her outlook of recovering from depression that attracted her to me. She discusses the importance of everyone’s role in their own life on their mental health. Therefore, I appreciate her studies as I have been able to apply them to my own life. Recovering from depression was not an overnight process. However, I became in control of my own mental health in my life. Without knowing about Karen Horney previous to my depression, she emphasized the importance everyone has in our own mental health. Women psychology was not prominent until women continued to formulate strong studies in psychology. She went against a prominent male figure in psychology. Furthermore, Karen Horney is a prominent figure in feminine psychology.

It was not until the 1890s that women were allowed access to training in most fields of study, including psychology. Since that time many have made significant theoretical contributions to the field of psychology and our understanding of psychodynamic thought including the works of Karen Horney (1885–1952). She was a psychoanalyst best known for her work on neurosis and coping techniques. Horney was a leading figure in the development of a range of non-orthodox psychoanalytic approaches in mid-twentieth-century America. Often compared to orthodox Freudians, she emphasized interpersonal relations and minimized the

Karen Horney (neé Danielsen) was a German psychoanalyst whose early theories and writings founded Feminist Psychology. Later on in her career, she became well-renowned for her theories on personality development, neurosis, and self-theory. She grew infamous towards the end of her career due to her Neo-Freudian attitude and frequent opposition and critique of Sigmund Freud’s already existing theories. Ironically, her critiques of Freud are now widely accepted by the field of Psychology.

Karen Danielsen, also known as Karen Horney, was born in Blankenese, Germany on December 16, 1885. Horney was a German psychoanalyst, whom in her later years practiced her career in the United States. Some of her theories questioned traditional Freudian views. She was credited with the initiation of feminist psychology in reaction to Freud’s theory of penis envy. While she disagreed with Freud about certain inherent differences in the psychological studies of men and women, most differences she traced were towards society and culture rather than biology.

Karen Horney’s neurotic needs and trends made a lot of sense to me initially due to her views on basic anxiety which lead to neurotic trends. Although, I can see the flaws in it, the basic foundation of her theory clicked with me. She believed that in childhood, we have four basic mechanisms to protect against anxiety: securing affection, being submissive, attaining power, and withdrawing. If any of these mechanisms become ingrained in our personality, it leads to them becoming neurotic needs: affection/approval, dominant partner, power, exploitation, prestige, admiration, achievement/ambition, self-sufficiency, perfection, and narrow limits to life. These are irrational ways that a person may protect themselves from anxiety as an adult. These needs are capable of being further categorized into three trends: compliant, aggressive, or detached

The theme of this course is theories of human nature, theories of human nature is an historical scope of philosophy. Theories of human nature provides a philosophical analysis into human nature through the investigation of issues, including the mind and body, perceptions and conception, freedom and determinism, death and immortality, the relation of the human to nature and the divine, and reason and emotion (Professor Galgan, Course Syllabus). The two articles written by Dr. Galgan, “Infinity and Cosmology: an Indirect Approach” and “The Compassionate Gods of Technology” directly conform and embody the theme of this course, theories of human nature.