. In some reactions, in which a protein molecule is binding to a specific site on DNA, a rate greater than that predicted by the diffusion limit is observed. Suggest an explanation.
Q: Maintaining nuclear RanGTP levels is critical for nucleo-cytoplasmic transport. Describe how…
A: Question - Maintaining nuclear RanGTP levels is critical for nucleo-cytoplasmic transport.Describe…
Q: Select the best explanation of the unfolded protein response (UPR): O A. The UPR senses misfolded…
A: When the protein is completely formed it is folded accordingly yo form a biologically active protein…
Q: Please propose a mechanism that may link the increased abundance of unfolded proteins (perhaps due…
A: Unfolded proteins create a response called UPR or Unfolded protein response.
Q: Explain the steps associated with translocation of ER proteins across the ER membrane.
A: The Endoplasmic reticulum(ER) plays an important role and it would be the place where the membranes…
Q: The plasma membrane is an effective barrier to molecular movement across it, yet many substances do…
A: The separation of the internal and external components of the cell is managed by a membrane called…
Q: Describe the pathway, and any key events, a nascent soluble polypeptide would follow from the point…
A: Proteins are the major compounds required for the body. These proteins are produced in the the cell…
Q: 1a-Membrane bound proteins often contain transmembrane domains. These transmembrane domains…
A: Membrane proteins can be of three major types- membrane bound/integral, peripheral and lipid…
Q: Define Dynamic instability depends on the presenceor absence of a GTP-β-tubulin cap.
A: Microtubules are made up of protein tubulins that can undergo quick growth or dissolution by…
Q: Cytochalasin D inhibits the formation of microfilaments. Which of the following biological…
A: Functions of microfilaments (which will be affected when it is dysfunctional) are:- Forces used in…
Q: Estimate the minimum number of ATP and GTP moleculesrequired to polymerize 200 amino acids.
A: Peptide bonds link amino acids. The formation of peptides requires activation of amino acids, and…
Q: Protein with 1 internal star V[ Choose ] Double-pass protein with both N and C terminus in the…
A: Answer. Integral proteins located in the ER, Golgi, lysosomal membranes, and in the plasma membrane…
Q: The predominant forms of actin inside a cell are ATP–G-actin and ADP–F-actin. Explain how the…
A: these are cytoskeletal membrane protein
Q: If given the destination of protein, predict whether it will be made on free or bound ribosomes.
A: Ribosomes are the organelles which are the primary site of protein synthesis. Ribosomes are of two…
Q: hich of the following are advantages of quaternary structure? Choose all correct nswers 1) The genes…
A: Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…
Q: Explain how phosphorylation and the binding of a nucleotide (such as aTp or GTp) can both be used to…
A: Protein biological activity is defined as the presence of different protein functions. The…
Q: Q1: Is the dye at equilibrium in any of these glasses? Describe how the first glass will look when…
A: Diffusion is a process where the substance move from the region of high concentration to the region…
Q: Describe the structure and functions of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), and…
A: DNA is genetic material present in each and every cell. It stores all the structural, functional and…
Q: Tubulin binds GTP, and the polymerization of a microtubule is greatly stimulated when a tubulin…
A: Microtubules are made up of protein tubulins that can undergo quick growth or dissolution by…
Q: A new protein namely protein X has been isolated by molecular biologists. The protein is shown to…
A: Protein: Proteins are necessary nutrients for human health. They are a component of body tissue and…
Q: 2.) Give one example of a trans-acting regulatory protein.
A: In context of transcription, a trans-acting element is usually a DNA sequence that contains a gene.…
Q: Some transcription factors contain bromodomains. Explain the function of the bromodomain?
A: Transcription factors are responsible for intiating the transcription process. The transcript…
Q: Cytosine deaminationoccurs ~100 cytosinesper genome per day in a human genome. Eukaryotic cells…
A: Deamination is the removal of the aminogroup from a base. For example; the deamination of the…
Q: Suppose that you joined a group of scientists working with a multipass ER-resident membrane protein.…
A: The transport of newly synthesized proteins to their destined cellular part is known as Protein…
Q: Reaction R: protein-OH + Pi -> phosphorylated protein + H20 Reaction S: protein-OH + ATP ->…
A: Endergonic reaction: It is a reaction that requires "energy" in the form of ATP to be driven. It is…
Q: If GTP hydrolysis occurs on a tubulin molecule at the plus end of a microtubule filament before…
A: Tubulin makes up microtubules, which are the cytoskeleton's most important component.
Q: Both simple dufusion and facilitated diffusion of small polar uncharged molecule Select one: O A.…
A: Polar molecules do not require carrier proteins. So the option D is wrong.
Q: Cleavage Ligand Precursor Receptor Inactive Receptor Active www 99 Cell Membrane 6. The figure above…
A: In case of hydrophilic signalling molecules (ligand), they binds with specific transmembrane…
Q: RE: Which type of membrane protein is required for active transport? Why is this type of protein…
A: One of the major representatives on the molecular level for maintaining homeostasis within the body…
Q: Explain the steps involved in the synthesis of a protein on membrane bound ribosomes
A: Ribosomes provide the synthesis of proteins in cells as translation. Their function is to translate…
Q: 1)You add a drug to cells that can pass through hydrophilic or hydrobic environments (e.g.,…
A: Proteins are synthesized with the help of ribosomes. Ribosomes are present as free of bound to the…
Q: An integral membrane protein has an ER signal sequence near its N terminus and a stop transfer…
A: Transcription: It is processed to convert DNA into RNA. It is part of the central dogma. It is…
Q: 1.) Give one example of a cis-acting regulatory element.
A: Cis-regulatory elements (CRE) include non-coding regions of DNA that regulate the transcription of…
Q: 1. Predict the membrane orientation of a protein that is synthesized with the following features:…
A: The insertion of membrane proteins in their right orientation is decided by multiple sequences that…
Q: comprise the membrane. If you isolated a single transmembrane helix from a protein from this strain,…
A: Since the newly identified bacteria has normal nucleic acids and proteins - the amino acids in the…
Q: Explain cotranslational endoplasmic reticulum translocation of proteins.
A: Co-translational translocation occurs when translation is ongoing. Before entering the conducting…
Q: A peptide with the sequence AELQAKSAIAHELQAKAAIAHA is treated with ATP while in the presence of…
A: Amino acid sequence (primary structure) folds on itself to form secondary structures such as…
Q: Lactose transporter of E. coli is a well-studied proton driven cotransporter. It transports one…
A: Gibb's free energy is the energy that is available to carry out a reaction. A reaction is said to be…
Q: Consider a transmembrane protein that spans the inner nuclear membrane. Suggest a pathway by which…
A: Inner Nuclear Membrane proteins are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which is…
Q: Fully explain in the form of a detailed and annotated diagram how DnaK is involved in the heat shock…
A: Heat shock response is considered as the stress response of cell which leads to incline in the…
Q: Why is a b-barrel as opposed to a b-sheet optimal for a transmembrane protein? Think about the…
A: Transmembrane proteins are found on the cell membrane and connect the exterior and interior cell…
Q: The lipid portion of a typical bilayer is about 30 Å thick. (a) Calculate the minimum number of…
A: Lipids are molecules that contain hydrocarbons and make up the bulding blocks of the structure and…
Q: Explain why a-helices are most commonly observed in transmembrane protein sequences when the…
A: Alpha helix (α-helix) It is defined as a motif present in the secondary structure of proteins. It…
Q: In the early days of research on protein synthesis, some scientists observed that their most highly…
A: Some scientists recognized that most highly purified ribosome preparations containing single…
Q: Signal transduction pathway. Sketch a G protein in the active and inactive stages, and label its…
A: Signal transduction can be defined as the process by which physical/chemical signals are transmitted…
Q: Describe the importance of ubiquitin-dependent degradation of soluble proteins.
A: Thousands of distinct proteins are found in all living cells, each of which performs a specific…
Q: Active transport involves Select one: O a. Production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
A: Answer is b.)transport of solute down a concentration gradient.
Q: Describe the structure of SRP in eukaryotes, and outline its role intargeting proteins to the ER…
A: Protein molecule is the functional unit of a cell. The information for the synthesis of a protein is…
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- Signal transduction pathway. Sketch a G protein in the active and inactive stages, and label its parts.Describe critical concentration (Cc)• Describe actin/microtubule polymerization• Contrast “T” and “D” forms of actin and microtubule subunits– Which nucleotide is bound to actin monomers in “T” and “D” forms?– Which nucleotide is bound to microtubule dimers in “T” and “D” forms? – Which subunit form, “T” or “D,” has higher affinity for polymerization? What are the implications of this on Cc(T) and Cc(D)?Describe the pathway, and any key events, a nascent soluble polypeptide would follow from the point it enters the ER through the secretion of the same soluble protein to the extra-cellular space
- Maintaining nuclear RanGTP levels is critical for nucleo-cytoplasmic transport. Describe how mutations that disrupt RanGEF function would affect the movement of proteins coming in and going out of the nucleus.a. Describe the different stages that occur during the translationprocess of Protein Synthesis.(b) using four examples of antibiotic inhibitors of translation, outlinehow inhibition occurs.Calculate the energy cost (free-energy change) of pumping Ca2+ from thecytosol, where its concentration is about 1.0 × 10−7 M, to the extracellularfluid, where its concentration is about 1.0 mM. Assume a temperature of 37°C (body temperature in a mammal) and a standard transmembrane potentialof 50 mV (inside negative) for the plasma membrane.
- mTOR must be tightly regulated because it controls both transcription and translation. true or false. explain whyPredict the location(s) (intracellular or extracelular) and a brief description of WHY based on your knowledge of the transport processes in the following constructs. Assume a start codon is present and include any proteolytic processing that would be likely. 1. A PTS1 C-term peroxisomal targeting seq added to C term of a normally secreted protein with usual N -terminal signal sequence 2. Adding of N-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequence to protein with internal nuclear localization seq. 3. Adding N-terminal signal sequence of secreted protein to N-terminus a mitochondria matrix protein precursor with mitochondrial targeting sequence still presentLactose transporter of E. coli is a well-studied proton driven cotransporter. It transports one lactose molecule together with one proton into the cell. Calculate the free energy change for transporting one more of protons into the cell? Membrane potential is -50 mV (inside is negative) and the pH = 7.2 inside the cell and the pH = 4.0 outside the cell. Temperature is 37 degrees celsius (310K). Remeber to convert pH to (H+) and express your answer as kJ/mol.
- Explain how plasma membrane proteins that start to be translated in the cytosol are then targeted to the ER during translation. I am looking for two things that are required here.In the classic 1950s recording by David Rogers , Rogers shows a white bloodcell chasing a bacterium through a field of red blood cells. Describe themechanism associated with this movement. In your answer, name the stages aswell as the associated proteins involved in the generalized mechanism.Sketch the arrow pushing mechanism for the acid base catalyzed formation of phospho-serine from protein kinase a. You may shorthand the emzyme, the ribose and the adenine ring in ATP