1) Suppose the fuel costs of two generators are given by fi = 4 PG1 + 0.04 PG1 *PG1 with 0< PGI< 401, f2 = 5 PG2 + 0.02 PG2*PG2 with 0< PG2< 401, Compute the scheduling table when the total demand Pp is 200 MW, 400 MW and 600 MW respectively.
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- Solve numerical : Following figure shows the one-line diagram of a two bus system. Take bus 1 as slack bus, bus 2 as load (PQ) bus. Neglect the shunt charging admittance. Obtain the bus admittance matrixYBUS and find V2 and δ2, power flows and line losses by using Fast decoupled power flow method. All the values are given in per unit on 100MVA base. Use a tolerance of 0.001 for power mismatch.A synchronous generator is connected to an infinite bus by a transmission line as shown in the figure. The field current IF = 900A when the unloaded generator is synchronized to the infinite bus. a.) P_M is increased to 0.5pu while I_F is held constant at 900A. Find the complex power S_Inf supplied to the infinite bus in per unit. b.) Determine S_Inf in per unit if IF increases to 1600A and PM is held fixed at 0.5pu.The yearly duration curve of a certain plant may be considered as a straight line from 100 MW to 40 MW. To meet this load, three turbo-generators, two rated at 40 MW each and one at 30 MW are installed. Determine: (a) units generated per annum, (b) plant capacity factor, (c) load factor, (d) plant reserve factor and (e) utilization factor.
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- In the context of power system optimization, discuss the techniques for economic dispatch and optimal power flow to minimize generation costs while meeting load demand.A power plant comprises three turbine-generators rated 1000 MW, 800 MW and 500 MW respectively. The regulation constant of each generator is 0.05 pu based on its own rating. Each unit is initially operating at one-half of its own rating, when the system load suddenly increases by 300 MW. Calculate the following:a) Per-unit area frequency response characteristic on a 1000 MW system base.b) Steady-state drop in area frequency [CR4]c) The share of the load increase on each generator.d) Total load on each generator after the increase in system load.Assume the reference power setting of each turbine is unchanged.a) Find the Y-bus power system in rectangular and polar coordinates.b) Specify the type of each bus, and the known/unknown values. c) What is the real and reactive power injections at buses 2 and 3?
- 4.2.Two generators, G1 and G2, have no-load frequencies of 61.5 Hz and 61.0 Hz, respectively. They are connected in parallel and supply a load of 2.5 MW at a 0.8 lagging power factor. If the power slope of G1 and G2 are 1.1 MW per Hz and 1.2 MW per Hz, respectively,a. Determine the system frequency b. Determine the power contribution of each generator. c. If the load is increased to 3.5 MW, determine the new system frequency and the power contribution of each generator.2) A three-phase, 60 Hz synchronous generator in Fig. 1 delivers 0.9 per-unit real power at 1.08 perunit terminal voltage to an infinite bus with voltage of 1.0 pu. The reactance data for the powersystem is given in per unit on a common base and shown in Fig. 1. Determine:a) the reactive power output at the terminal of the generator and reactive power delivered tothe infinite bus;b) the generator internal voltage (E′);c) determine and plot an equation for electrical power delivered by the generator to the infinitebus versus angle δ.Note: E′ is internal voltage behind transient reactance x′d