Q: 14. Write the karyotype of a Turner syndrome. O A) 2n = 46 - 1 O B) 2n - 1 = 45 O C) 45, X O D) 46 -…
A: Karyotype is defined as the combination of the chromosomes of an individual. It is a laboratory…
Q: 1) Interpret the value of the interference. 2) Map the genes
A: The genes that are located on the same chromosome are considered as linked genes. In this condition…
Q: The enzymes required to breathe fire (BFi2) is expressed in throat tissues of dragons from the Known…
A: DNase 1 enzyme is responsible for digesting the DNA into fragments.
Q: 8. Another unique feature of coronaviruses is usage of a -1 ribosomal frameshift. Explain this…
A: Defination- Ribosomal frameshifting is a biological phenomenon that occurs during translation that…
Q: 1. Identical twins may show dissimilar phenotypes due to changed methylation patterns of the…
A: * monozygotic twins even they are genetically identical there will be some variation in them the…
Q: Describe the function of the key Agrobacterium proteins involved in the transfer and integration of…
A:
Q: 2. Describe the effect of the mutation that created the Hbs allele on the amino acid sequence of the…
A: A mutation is a change in a DNA sequence. Mutations can result from DNA copying mistakes made during…
Q: 1. Construct a map for the genes d,e,f. Assume that: d and e = 3%; e and f = 5%. Give 2 arrangements…
A: Gene is the sequence of nucleotides in DNA which encode a particular protein.
Q: 8. contrast the inheritance of linked genes with unlinked genes
A: Genetic is the branch of science that deals with genetic material like genome, genes, DNA, and…
Q: 1) explain how differences in gene expression of genetically similar organism can result in…
A: "Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…
Q: 3. Which ACTN3 genotype (RR, RX, or XX) would provide these Olympic marathon athletes with an…
A: An individual's ACTN3 genotype may affect or interfere with athletic ability.The ACTN3 genotype has…
Q: Discuss the concepts of: 1. Cell diferentiation 2. Morphogenesis 3. Pattern formation Also, cite…
A: The above processes are very important in development of the organism and for its normal…
Q: 1.What percentage of DNA do Humans share with Drosophila melanogaster? Please give detailed…
A: There are 4 pairs of chromosome- three autosomes and a pair of X/Y in the genome of the drosophila…
Q: Using PCR to identify whether a patient has an allele of alpha-thalassaemia
A: Genetic testing refers to the tests where abnormalities or mutations are determined or identified in…
Q: 2. Describe the phenotype of individuals whe inherit two copies of the Hbs allele whq Sickle-Cell…
A: * sickle cell Anemia a is blood disorder due to mutation will leads to change in shape of cells into…
Q: 9. What can be inferred about the red gene versus the blue gene in the following diagram? II II…
A: Genetic variation refers to diversity in gene frequencies. Genetic variation can refer to…
Q: discuss the importance of understanding epigenetics in improving people health
A: Imprinting is an epigenetic procedure that signifies DNA in a sex-dependent behavior and causes the…
Q: 13. Which statement about pseudogenes is true? O Pseudogenes are found in multiple copies in order…
A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a hereditary molecule that passes genetic information from one…
Q: 4. Draw a diagram clearly showing how intragenic recombination can take an individual who is cc and…
A:
Q: Predict the transmission of phenotypes associated with maternal effect genes. 2. Interpret the…
A: Cytoplasmic inheritance, also known as extra nuclear inheritance, extra chromosomal inheritance,…
Q: What is the importance of good nutrition in the efforts of containing Covid-19 in Ghana
A: COVID-19 is the pandemic which is caused by the corona virus, it affects different individual…
Q: 8. While vermilion is X-linked and brightens the eye color, brown is an autosomal recessive mutation…
A: Early Drosophila geneticists identified a large number of X-linked recessive mutations affecting the…
Q: 2. In humans, widow's peak (W) is dominant over a continuous hairline (w), and short fingers (F) are…
A: Widow peak refers to the hairline which is characterized by the V-shape point in the middle of the…
Q: 2. Identify the kind of chromosome error in each diagram. Chromosomal Error X X Y TIID ×
A: Chromosomal errors result in various kinds of diseases which are incurable and decrease the life…
Q: 2. Indicate, using the genetic code, the sequences of amino acids of a part of tyrosinase coded by…
A: Albinism is an inherited genetic disorder that causes the body to produce little or no production…
Q: 1. Chris and Emma are phenotypically normal but carriers for SCA (gene A). a. What are their…
A: A recessive disorder is a type of disorder that requires both the alleles to be recessive in order…
Q: 1. The location of hemophilia C- factor XI is 4q35, where exactly is it? Describe. 2. Referring to…
A: Chromosomes carry several genes and their exact location is called as loci. It is represented by…
Q: 10. Which of the following sequences would you expect to be a part of a beta turn? O PAAG O PAGA O…
A: Beta- turns are the simplest secondary structure, connecting two helices or sheets. They are…
Q: 14 Linkage Between Genes Testcross: RL/ rl X rl/ rl
A: According to the law of independent assortment, the alleles of different genes segregate…
Q: 6. A diploid strain of yeast was made by mating a haploidstrain with a genotype w−, x−, y−, and z−…
A: Mutation is defined as sudden inheritable change that occurs in the DNA sequence. It may be…
Q: A husband and wife both have normal skin pigmentation. Their first child is albino. Give the…
A: “Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If youwant any…
Q: Using the information provided below, which of the individuals A and B have: i) Genotypic change i)…
A: DNA is made up of four nucleotides A, T, C and G. Mutation is the change in the genetic sequence or…
Q: 1. The gene distinguishes retrotransposons from cancer-causing retroviruses. а. gag b. onc С. env d.…
A: Mutations are a sudden heritable change in genome sequence that is responsible for the majority of…
Q: can you help please what is the diagnosis of Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) and explain the…
A: As we know Bridges-Good syndrome is another or other name for chronic granulomatous disease (CGD).…
Q: 3. Which of the genalypes. if any, is MOST likely to occur in the t, generaticn? a. BB b. Bb C. bb…
A: Dominant trait is the trait in which the phenotypic expression is dependent on even a single allele…
Q: 23. Consider the single locus SSR genotyping gel to the A B C D E F right. Which of the following…
A: This test is used to check the child’s biological parents by using DNA. DNA is genetic material…
Q: 1. Identical twins may show dissimilar phenotypes due to changed methylation patterns of the…
A: Twins are two offspring produced by same mother in same pregnancy. Twins can be identical and non…
Q: 1. Provide the specific gene involved and the area where the mutation occured in Leigh's syndrome.
A: Leigh syndrome is a very rare, inherited neurodegenerative disorder. This syndrome degenerates the…
Q: 6. Suppose a particular gene is required for early development and also later for development of a…
A: ANSWER;- The Gal4 (galactose) gene articulation is directed by Gal80. The Gal4 gene protein…
Q: 3 (a). The S-s antigen system in human is controlled by two codominant alleles, S and s. In a group…
A:
Q: 20. The pedigree to the right shows the results of SSR genotyping of a family. The grandmother is…
A: A pedigree is a pictorial representation of a family history, essentially a family tree that…
Q: 1. Compare the number of chromosomes in the Down syndrome with the nor- mal karyotypes explain the…
A: Chromosomes are filamentous bodies present in the nucleus. They are composed of DNA(…
Q: 4. Briefly explain how the mutation in one gene can trigger a cascade of genetic impacts in the…
A: The alteration in the sequence of DNA either due to a mistake during the copying of DNA or because…
Q: 1. Describe how transgenes can clarify which genecauses a mutant phenotype
A: A transgene is a gene that has been transferred naturally, or by any of a number of genetic…
Q: 1. Explain the differences in the mechanisms of conjugation, transformation, and transduction.
A: Explain the differences in the mechanisms of conjugation, transformation, and transduction.
Q: 4. and produce gametes that are dominant C phenotype. Draw a diagram clearly showing how intragenic…
A:
Q: Answer the following questions given the pedigree below. Please assume that no other mutations are…
A: The male who is individual number IV 1 is a carrier and has inherited a recessive allele for the…
Q: 39 The structures labelled A and B in the image below represent: CTAAATCGGT Allele for red flowers B…
A: Answer: Incomplete Dominance : When the gene expression of one allele expresses completely and the…
Q: 2. How did the researchers conduct an experiment to search for a "prematurity gene" among African…
A: Premature birth is a problem here in the United States, but especially among the African American…
1.identify and describe the normal function of the cdc25 gene responsible for the observed cdc9-50
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- Regulation of the cell cycle is very complex and involves multiple proteins. In yeast, a complex of cdc2 and a mitotic cyclin is responsible for moving the cell past the G2/M checkpoint. The activity of the cyclin-dependent kinase cdc2 is inhibited when it is phosphorylated by the kinase, Wee-1. What would you predict would be the phenotype of a Wee-1 mutant yeast? What other genes could be altered in a Wee-1 deficient mutant strain that would make the cells act normally?Cell lines divide normally in a defined medium containing growth factors, but fail to divide in the absence AGF (a growth factor). However, a mutant cell line continues to divide even in the absence of AGF. Elevated levels of Rb phosphorylation and the effects of receptor and Mek inhibitors suggest a mutation activating an oncogene. Inhibitors of Mek inhibit cell division of the mutant cell line, but inhibitors to the ADGF receptor, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) with homology to EGFR, do not. Outline the RTK pathway leading to the phosphorylation of Rb to form p-Rb.Changes in the activity of a variety of Cdks are essential for accurate progression through the cell cycle, and yet the levels of Cdk expression are fairly constant during the cell cycle. Briefly describe three mechanisms by which the activity of Cdks is regulated.
- What is the effect of having fluctuating cyclin levels throughout the cell cycle, while the levels of its corresponding cyclin dependent kinase stay relatively constant? Explain.The destruction of the various cyclins is commonly used to inactivate the Cdk/cyclin complexes. Why is it advantageous to inactivate these complexes via protein destruction instead of some other method that does not require the re-synthesis of a cyclin protein the next time the cell divides?Notch signaling orchestrates transition from G1 to S phase of cell cycle by multiple other interactions that target the G1/S checkpoint machinery. This is a highly conserved pathway that is seen across multiple kingdoms of life and the ligands involved in notch signaling are typically membrane-bound proteins. This suggests that: -This pathway relies on hormone interactions via endocrine pathways -This pathway relies on signal propagation via paracrine molecules -This pathway relies on direct signaling across gap junctions -This pathway relies on cell binding via autocrine signaling
- CYCLINs are regulatory proteins active for only portions of the cell cycle. Their transcription is activated at specific points during the cell cycle, for example, for CYCLIN1 (a CYCLIN B) of Arabidopsis during the G2 phase of the cell cycle. Since specific CYCLINs are required at different phases of the cell cycle, the stability of CYCLIN proteins is also highly regulated. This is accomplished by targeted degradation of CYCLIN proteins, also at specific times during the cell cycle, and which is mediated through a specific 9 amino acid sequence called the 'destruction box'. The CYCLIN1:GUS construct includes all the transcriptional elements required for CYCLIN1 regulation and a destruction box is translationally fused with the GUS coding sequence. How would the expression pattern you observed be altered if the destruction box was not included?Mutants of cyclin B that are resistant to degradation by the cyclin B protease have been generated. How would the presence of these cyclin B mutants affect the events at the metaphase to anaphase transition?Maturation promoting factor, MPF, is a cyclin-CDK complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of other proteins to start mitosis. The activity level of MPF is dependent on the relative concentrations of the cyclin and CDK components of MPF (Figure 1). Based on Figure 1, which of the following describes the role of cyclin in the regulation of the cell cycle? a.During S phase, the cyclin level remains the same because DNA replication is occurring. b.During G2 phase, the cyclin level remains low, causing MPF activity to decrease, which leads cells to initiate mitosis. c.During G1 phase, the cyclin level decreases to signal the start of the resting phase of the cell cycle. d.During M phase, the cyclin level peaks, resulting in an increased binding frequency with CDK.
- Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) is a peptide hormone (ligand) that binds and activates IGF receptor tyrosine kinase. Once the ligands bind the receptors, the cell undergoes cell division and multiply. Therefore, IGF is important for the growth of muscle and bone tissues during puberty. The way the IGF hormone works is that the hormone-bound IGF receptor tyrosine kinase increases the levels of cyclins inside of the cell and promotes the progression of the cell cycle. Describe how receptor tyrosine kinase works in a general sense and how cyclins regulate the cell cycle.When regulating the cell cycle of eukaryotic cells, a critical protein we discussed was cyclin. Cyclin is Select one: a. Always present in all stages of the cell cycle, but only active during the G1 - R transition b. Produced in response to signals for the cell to divide c. Produced only when retinoblastoma protein is inactivated d. Produced in response to the presence of cyclin-dependent kinaseThere are several main model systems through which the first set of major breakthroughs in the understanding of cell cycle control was made. Indicate whether each of the following statements is likely to be true or false for this initial phase of discovery. The frog egg system was critical for developing genetic screens for identifying genes important for cell cycle regulation. Cytoplasm extract from plant cells was used to identify factors important for cell cycle progression. Temperature-sensitive mutants are critical for identifying genes essential for cell division.