2. Approximately how many chloroplasts are present in each leaf cell?3. What byproduct of the light reactions (a gas) moves out of thechloroplast?45.What gas must diffuse into the chloroplast in order for the darkreactions to occur?a typical Elodea leaf cell and label the cell wall, cytoplasm,and chloroplasts.2. Plant cells involved with transportPhotosynthetic efficiency in large multicellular plants is possible as a result ofeffective transport mechanisms for both the reactants (carbon dioxide and water) andproducts (sugars).Water, absorbed by the roots, is conducted throughout the plant by a complex tissue, thexylem. Functional xylem cells are thick-walled and hollow and thus resemble small pipes.Water is pulled through these cells and up the plant by the negative pressure generated aswater evaporates from aerial portions of the plant. Much of the water leaves the plant aswater vapor via numerous small pores called stomata on the lower leaf surface. Each poreopens and closes as a result of changes in turgor of the surrounding pair of guard cells. Thestomata, when open, allow for the diffusion of CO₂ from the atmosphere into the leaf and thediffusion of O₂ (produced during photosynthesis) from the leaf into the atmosphere. If CO₂ isnot needed for photosynthesis, the stomata close to prevent excess water loss. Thesecomplementary systems facilitate rapid transport of reactants.The products of photosynthesis are usually designated as monosaccharides(C6H1206) and are an integral part of the plant's metabolism. They are used as99 DARK REACTIONS6 CO₂Chemical EnergyEnzymesa. Procedures- C6H12O6 + 6 H₂OThe activities in this laboratory exercise include:A. Examination of the cell structures of plants which are involved in photosynthesis andthe transport of reactants and products (microscope).B. Separation of the various kinds of plant pigments (paper chromatography).C. Selective absorption of "visible" light by plant pigments (spectrophotometer andspectroscope).D.Effects of light quality on the light reactions of photosynthesis (shown on video).E.Identification of carbon dioxide as the substrate for the dark reactions (phenol red).F. Location of stored sugars (starch) in variegated leaves (leaf clearing demonstration).II. INTRODUCTIONA. EXAMINATION OF PLANT CELL STRUCTURES1. Plant cells involved with photosynthesisPlant cells, active in the process of photosynthesis, contain green sphericalcytoplasmic organelles known as chloroplasts. These structures house both thepigments active in light absorption and the enzymes required for both the lightand dark reactions.Obtain a young leaf from the tip of a branch of Elodea, a common aquariumplant, and prepare a wet mount of this tissue. Observe the cells under both highand low power. You should be able to locate the cell wall, chloroplasts, andcytoplasm.b. Questions1. Where is most of the green pigment located in an Elodea leaf cell?

Question

2. Approximately how many chloroplasts are present in each leaf cell?3. What byproduct of the light reactions (a gas) moves out of thechloroplast?45.What gas must diffuse into the chloroplast in order for the darkreactions to occur?a typical Elodea leaf cell and label the cell wall, cytoplasm,and chloroplasts.2. Plant cells involved with transportPhotosynthetic efficiency in large multicellular plants is possible as a result ofeffective transport mechanisms for both the reactants (carbon dioxide and water) andproducts (sugars).Water, absorbed by the roots, is conducted throughout the plant by a complex tissue, thexylem. Functional xylem cells are thick-walled and hollow and thus resemble small pipes.Water is pulled through these cells and up the plant by the negative pressure generated aswater evaporates from aerial portions of the plant. Much of the water leaves the plant aswater vapor via numerous small pores called stomata on the lower leaf surface. Each poreopens and closes as a result of changes in turgor of the surrounding pair of guard cells. Thestomata, when open, allow for the diffusion of CO₂ from the atmosphere into the leaf and thediffusion of O₂ (produced during photosynthesis) from the leaf into the atmosphere. If CO₂ isnot needed for photosynthesis, the stomata close to prevent excess water loss. Thesecomplementary systems facilitate rapid transport of reactants.The products of photosynthesis are usually designated as monosaccharides(C6H1206) and are an integral part of the plant's metabolism. They are used as99 DARK REACTIONS6 CO₂Chemical EnergyEnzymesa. Procedures-> C6H12O6 + 6 H₂OThe activities in this laboratory exercise include:A. Examination of the cell structures of plants which are involved in photosynthesis andthe transport of reactants and products (microscope).B. Separation of the various kinds of plant pigments (paper chromatography).C. Selective absorption of &#34;visible&#34; light by plant pigments (spectrophotometer andspectroscope).D.Effects of light quality on the light reactions of photosynthesis (shown on video).E.Identification of carbon dioxide as the substrate for the dark reactions (phenol red).F. Location of stored sugars (starch) in variegated leaves (leaf clearing demonstration).II. INTRODUCTIONA. EXAMINATION OF PLANT CELL STRUCTURES1. Plant cells involved with photosynthesisPlant cells, active in the process of photosynthesis, contain green sphericalcytoplasmic organelles known as chloroplasts. These structures house both thepigments active in light absorption and the enzymes required for both the lightand dark reactions.Obtain a young leaf from the tip of a branch of Elodea, a common aquariumplant, and prepare a wet mount of this tissue. Observe the cells under both highand low power. You should be able to locate the cell wall, chloroplasts, andcytoplasm.b. Questions1. Where is most of the green pigment located in an Elodea leaf cell?

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2. Approximately how many chloroplasts are present in each leaf cell? 3. What byproduct of the light reactions (a gas) moves out of the chloroplast? 4 What gas must diffuse into the chloroplast in order for the dark reactions to occur?