4. Compare regulation by allosteric control, reversible covalent modification, and proteolytic activation strategies. When might one strategy be more useful than another?
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- What is the effect of an inhibitor binding an enzyme? The enzyme is degraded. The enzyme is activated. The enzyme is inactivated. The complex is transported out of the cell1.) Which of the following would be a good chemotherapy approach: blocking formation of the ribonucleotide GTP or blocking formation of the deoxyribonucleotide dGTP? Why? Please explain the chemical differences between each of the two nucleotides. Use the specific processes below to support your choice by explaining how either GTP or dGTP are related to these and how loss of the particular molecule would affect each process. A.) PEP carboxykinase in gluconeogenesis B.) Succinyl-CoA synthetase in the TCA Cycle C.) Glucagon signal transduction(4) Which of the following processes does ciprofloxacin interfere with in order to prevent bacterial growth?(A) Cell wall synthesis (B) DNA repolicsation (C) Electron trsansport (D) Protein Synthesis (E) RNA chain elongation
- 1. Why does a cell use deoxyribonuclease?Give 3 advantages of enzyme induction and repression in bacterial systems.1. What are two major similarities between protein synthesis in bacteria and eukaryotes? What aretwo major differences? 2. Is it reasonable to expect that protein degradation can take place at any location in a cell? 3. . In ubiquitination, chaperone can be part of the process. Explain the benefits of using chaperoneand differentiate the uses of chaperone and ubiquitin.
- 1. Which of the following pathways of information flow has never been observed on Earth? chose all that apply a. From RNA to DNA b. From RNA to Protein c. From DNA to RNA d. From Protein to RNA e. From Protein to DNA f. From DNA to Protein 2. Which biosynthetic pathways are downregulated by the products of the de novo purine biosynthesis pathway? Choose all that apply a. The de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway b. The pyrimidine salvage pathway c. The pathway to 5-phosphoribose-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) d. The de novo purine biosynthesis pathway e. The pathway to the amino acid histidine f. The purine salvage pathwayWhich of the following statements about the allosteric site is true? a. The allosteric site is a second active site on a substrate in a metabolic pathway. b. The allosteric site on an enzyme can allow the product of a metabolic pathway to inhibit that enzyme and stop the pathway. c. When the allosteric site of an enzyme is occupied, the reaction is irreversible and the enzyme cannot react again. d. An allosteric activator prevents binding at the active site. e. An enzyme that possesses allosteric sites does not possess an active site.1.how does II mM hydroxyurea inhibit DNA synthesis
- 7) Please propose a mechanism that may link the increased abundance of unfolded proteins(perhaps due to elevated temperatures) with increased ability of the cell to facilitateprotein folding. The mechanism should involve a sequence of multiple events.7. Which of the following events does NOT take place in/on the RER? a. cleavage of the signal recognition peptide b. biosynthesis of core oligosaccharides for N-linked glycosylation c. Phosphorylation of mannose to give rise to mannose-6-phosphate. d. attachment of a core oligosaccharide to protein via asparagine residues e. cleavage of GTP by SRP receptor1. a)how is it possible for such drugs to selectively kill bacterial cells and not our own cells? b)Provide an example of post-translational regulation of protein activity and explain the advantage of regulating each protein/process at the post-translational level instead of the transcriptional level.
